United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization

Lahore, Pakistan
Cultural Resource ManagementUsing Cultural Mapping

21-22 August 2006

Venue: Faculty of Culture Heritage Management,PakistanNationalCollege of Arts

WORKSHOP PROCEEDINGS

Organized by:

National College of Arts, Lahore

Organizing Committee:

UNESCO Pakistan:Farhat Gul

UNESCO Bangkok: Richard Engelhardt, Peerayot Sidonrusmee and Elizabeth Marasco

PakistanNationalCollege of Arts: Pamela Rogers

1

Facilitators / UNESCO Pakistan:
UNESCO Bangkok:
PakistanNationalCollege of Arts: / Farhat Gul (FG)
Richard Engelhardt (RE), Peerayot Sidonrusmee (PS),
Elizabeth Marasco (EM)
Pamela Rogers (PR)

Background and objectives of the workshop

Mapping has been mankind’s indispensable tool in elucidating the association and relationship between myriad facets of natural and cultural landscape environments and is used for a myriad of purposes. Cultural mapping is an instrument that can be used as a fundamental step in safeguarding cultural diversity through the improved management of cultural resources.

Cultural mapping involves a community identifying and documenting local cultural resources. Through this research cultural elements are recorded – the tangibles like galleries, craft industries, distinctive landmarks, local events and industries, as well as the intangibles like memories, personal histories, attitudes and values. After researching the elements that makea community unique, cultural mapping involves initiating a range of community activities or projects, to record, conserve and use these elements. …the most fundamental goal of cultural mapping is to help communities recognise, celebrate, and support cultural diversity for economic, social and regional development

(Clark, Sutherland & Young 1995: 1).

Culture and experience shape belief systems, the direction of education, the media, tourism, community development, planning, and creative industries, which in turn influence people’s perceptions of places. It is essential to understand the factors that influence perceptions of places, paying particular attention to personal and community interpretations of culture. Cultural mapping, therefore, is used in both a literal and metaphorical sense, where it goes beyond strict cartography to include not only land, but also other cultural resources and information recorded by alternative techniques. Cultural mapping themes are wide and varied, diverse resources include,

AnthropologicalSociologicalAestheticVulnerability

ArchaeologicalGenealogicalEthical

LinguisticTopographicSymbolic

MusicologicalBotanicalEconomic

The Cultural Resource Management Using Cultural Mapping Workshopwill introduce cultural resource management with a focus on the use of cultural mapping techniques. It will include presentation from industry experts, tutorials, a site visit and on-site practicum. The objectives of the workshop are as follows:

  • Introduction to the key issues in cultural resource management
  • Introduction to cultural mapping
  • Current examples using cultural mapping of tangible and intangible heritage
  • Undertake a cultural mapping exerciseat Lahore Fort
  • Discuss how cultural mapping can be further applied in management

Structure of the workshop

The workshop is structured toward gaining an understanding of the applications of cultural mapping in cultural resource management for the preservation of tangible and intangible cultural expressions.

The workshop will equip participants with the ability to undertake a cultural map of a site with cultural significance and to display and interpret the results that could serve as a focal technique to provide cultural insight.

Day 1.

The workshop will be introduced by Ms Farhat Gul (UNESCO Islamabad followed by welcome remarks from Dr Pamela Rogers (Pakistan College of Arts) and Dr Richard Englehardt (UNESCORegional Advisor for Culture in the Asia/Pacific).

The morning session of day 1 is designed to provide participants with an appreciation of cultural heritage, an understanding of cultural resource management, principles of cultural mapping and an understanding of various ways in which cultural resource managers can use mapping applications for cultural resource management.

In the afternoon, built on the morning’s core teachings, participants will undertake a task designed to construct a risk/value map of Lahore Fort.

Day 2.

The morning session of day 2 is designed to provide participants with the skills required to create risk/value ‘layers’, assess cultural mapping output and reflect on the role of cultural inventories in Cultural Resource Management.

In the afternoon participants will collaboratively discuss and determine an output design layer for an event scenario at Lahore Fore built on findings from the risk/value assessment from day 1.

In the afternoon a conclusion of the workshop will be guided by Dr Richard Englehardt to summarizethe core material presented, the exercises and proceed with an evaluation of the workshop and learning outcomes.

Organizers and cooperating institutions

UNESCO Islamabad

UNESCO Regional Advisor for Culture in the Asia/Pacific

PakistanNationalCollege of Arts

1

Facilitators / UNESCO Pakistan:
UNESCO Bangkok:
PakistanNationalCollege of Arts: / Farhat Gul (FG)
Richard Engelhardt (RE), Peerayot Sidonrusmee (PS),
Elizabeth Marasco (EM)
Pamela Rogers (PR)

Workshop timetable

Day 1 – morning
21 August 2006
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
10:00 / Welcome remarks UNESCO Islamabad / FG
10:10 / Introduction to the NationalCollege of Arts Post Graduate Centre for Cultural Heritage Conservation and Management / SV
10:20 / Opening remarks – Learning objectives of the UNESCO – NCA workshop series on Conserving and Mapping the Cultural Heritage of Pakistan / PR
10:30 / Welcome remarks, key issues and introduction to cultural resource management in heritage conservation
Objective: to develop an understanding of,
  • Cultural resource management through the application of international standards
  • issues and debates concerning the determination of cultural significance and the process of ‘managing for significance’
  • Tools for managing cultural resource significance
  • Respective roles of Government, professionals and communities in culture resource conservation
/ RE / “Safeguarding World Heritage – the role of Culture in Mapping. Heritage conservation / The expected learning outcomes from this core material is that participants will become familiar with the concept of managing cultural resources for their “significance’ and the use and application of various tools for this purpose (international conventions, mapping, impact assessment)
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
11:00 / Break
11:30 / Cultural mapping principles
Objective: to develop an understanding of,
  • What cultural mapping is
  • Who uses cultural maps
  • Why cultural mapping is useful
  • Mapping methodologies
- Social mapping
- Mind mapping
- Cognitive mapping
  • Data layers, parameters and sources
/ EM / “What? Who? Why? How?” / The expected outcomes of this core material is a succinct understanding of cultural mapping, its uses, its users, different methodologies of mapping and the concepts of map layers and parameters.
12:00 / Mapping applications for Cultural Resource Management
Objective: to develop an understanding of,
  • applications using cultural mapping to map tangible and intangible heritage
  • Cultural resource inventory application
-TimeMap
-Ethnolinguistic map in Thailand
-Plain of jar map Lao-UNESCO Project to safeguard the plain of Jar
  • Protection planning
-Temporal map (Myanmar Festival map)
-Zoning and environmental managemental
management plan for the Angkor
  • Development Control
-Lahore Fort Master plan map
  • Impact Assessment Studies
-Historic town of Sukhothai World Heritage Site (Flood risk, fire risk map)
-Cultural Resource Service, Parks, Canada
SanffNational Park, Canadian Rocky MountainPark World Heritage Site
  • Facilities Management
-Sukhothai Thailand (Facility management map)
  • Archaeological research application
Google earth , Timemap / PS / “GIS Cultural Resource Management Application” / CRM Chapter 5 / The expected outcome of this core material is that participants will have the understanding of how culture mapping can be used in different ways to visualize data for the purposes of; inventory, analysis, assessment, protection and management of cultural heritage resources.
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
12:30 / Mapping “significance” and “risks” and “vulnerability” at historic sites
Case study “LahoreFort, Pakistan”
Objective:
  • To introduce Lahore Fort and the Master Plan
  • Define ‘significance’, ‘risk’ and ‘vulnerability’ as they pertain to Lahore Fort
  • Describe the planning process for the mitigation of significance risk and vulnerability
  • The use of cultural mapping for implementation of the Master Plan stressing aggregation/dis aggregation of layers and values
/ PR / LahoreFortMaster Plan / MP / The expected outcome of this core material is that participants will gain a clear understanding of the Lahore Fort Master Plan. Key terms in management planning will be understood and how culture mapping can be used to model and monitor change at heritage sites.
13:00 / Introduction to Task 1
Risk and significance assessment at Lahore Fort
Objective: to present a,
  • significance assessment model that can be used to monitor and evaluate significant value in a heritage site
  • risk assessment model that can be used to monitor and evaluate potential risks to a heritage site
/ RE / Task 1 Cultural resource inventory Methodology
Task 1 Risk/ Significance assessment worksheets / MP / The expected outcome of this that participants will develop a comprehensive understanding of how a risk/significance assessment can be used to monitor and evaluate cultural heritage sites.
Participants will complete risk/significance layers by conducting a risk/significance assessment for use in a manual GIS.
13:15 / Lunch
Day 1 – afternoon
21 August 2006
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
14:00 / Transport to Lahore Fort
14:30 / Task 1
Risk and significance assessment of Lahore Fort
Objective:
To conduct a risk/significance assessment of Lahore Fort by capturing data.
Note: Participants will be grouped into teams of approximately 5 persons each. Teams will be assigned to create a 4 layer ‘manual’ GIS map of either significance or risk at one of four pre–selected zones within Lahore Fort / Task 1 Cultural resource inventory Methodology
Task 1 Risk/ Significance assessment worksheets / MP / The expected outcomes of this activity are risk/significance layers to be used to create a manual GIS overlay.
In completing this activity participants will develop a comprehensive understanding of how a culture map can be used to monitor and evaluate cultural heritage sites.
16:00 / Break
16:30 / Create Risk or Significance layers
Create output layers from the risk/value assessment / Risk/Value output layers
18:00 / End of day 1
Day 2 – morning
22 August 2006
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
9:00 / Construct the aggregate GIS
Objective
To introduce how to construct the aggregated GIS of significance and risk of eachzone to create a composite map / EM / To learn how to aggregate complex layers and effectively illustrate risk and significance
9:30 / Task 1 continued…
Consolidate of Significance and Risk layers
Objective:
To work in zone groups and to consolidate the map layers and construct a culture map of each zone aggregating significance and risk / Task 1 Cultural resource inventory Methodology
Task 1 Risk/ Significance assessment worksheets / The learning outcome is that participants will have practical knowledge of how to create practical maps
11:00 / Break
11:30 / Group presentations of consolidated Risk/Value GIS-
Group A: The Servants Quarters,
Group B: Moti Masjid Quadrangle,
Group C: Jahangar Quadrangle and
Group D: Sikh Bastion & Picturewall / Participants will know how to present in a visually coherent manner of complex data and heritage management issues using map overlays
13:00 / Lunch
Time / Activity / Lead Staff / Manual Reference / Relevant Reading Material
(CRM = UNESCO Cultural Resource Manual
MP = LahoreFortMaster Plan) / Expected Learning Outcomes
14:00 / Cultural heritage impact assessment ...
How managers use maps / PR
14:30 / Task 2 – Event Scenario
Objective: Full group discussion to determine and event management plan for Lahore Fort on the basis of culture maps of zone significance and vulnerability / RE & PR / Task 2 Scenario worksheet / The expected outcome of this activity is to produce an output event management plan that highlights significance and mitigates risks
16:00 / Break
16:30 / Conclusion - Summary of learning objectives
Discussion: “How Cultural Mapping can be used to improve cultural resource management in Pakistan”
Objective: to discuss the applications in,
  • Cultural resource inventory application
  • Protection planning
  • Development Control
  • Impact Assessment Studies
  • Facilities Management
  • Archaeological research application
/ RE / Participants will have a clear understanding of the process and application of cultural resource mapping applicable to local context, and the knowledge of where additional information and resource material can be accessed
17:00 / Evaluation / PR RE
17:30 / Closing remarks, word of thanks / SV & FG

1

Facilitators / UNESCO Pakistan:
UNESCO Bangkok:
PakistanNationalCollege of Arts: / Farhat Gul (FG)
Richard Engelhardt (RE), Peerayot Sidonrusmee (PS),
Elizabeth Marasco (EM)
Pamela Rogers (PR)

Reading Material.

Shalini P. Vajjhala (2005)

Integrating GIS and Participatory Mapping in Community Development Planning.

ESRI International User Conference, Sustainable Development and Humanitarian Affairs Track, San Diego, CA, July 2005.

ClarkI., Sutherland J., & Young G. (1995)

Mapping Culture. A Guide for Cultural and Economic Development in

Communities. Forward Pg.1

Keynote speech, Cultural Mapping Symposium & Workshop, Australia

Poole P (2003)

Cultural Mapping and Indigenous Peoples (working paper)

A report for UNESCO

Lung D., DiStefano L, Wong D., & Ho Yin L

Interpreting the Significance of Built Heritage

Department of Architecture, The University of Hong Kong

Von der Heide S (2004)

Cultural Heritage at Risk – Cultural Heritage Management for the 21st Century – Intercultural Communication and Preventative Measures

Institute for Technology, Germany

UNESCO (2003)

Safeguarding The Intangible Cultural Heritage. The 2003 Convention: Definitions

Asia/Pacific Cultural Centre for UNESCO (ACCU) (2004)

Recommended Approaches to Inventory-making and Some Examples of Inventory-making Programmes and Methodologies

Outcomes of 2004 ACCU Workshop on Inventory-making for ICH Management

Box P (1999)

GIS and Cultural Resource Management: A Manual For Heritage Managers

Chapter 1 Cultural Resource Management

UNESCO Bangkok

Box P (1999)

GIS and Cultural Resource Management: A Manual For Heritage Managers

Chapter 2 GIS Theory and Technology

UNESCO Bangkok

Box P (1999)

GIS and Cultural Resource Management: A Manual For Heritage Managers

Chapter 5 GIS Cultural Resource Management Applications

UNESCO Bangkok

1

Facilitators / UNESCO Pakistan:
UNESCO Bangkok:
PakistanNationalCollege of Arts: / Farhat Gul (FG)
Richard Engelhardt (RE), Peerayot Sidonrusmee (PS),
Elizabeth Marasco (EM)
Pamela Rogers (PR)