Answer the Following in Complete Sentences Or Fill in the Blank

NameDatePeriod

CRCT Study Guide

Locate:

Middle East / Africa / Asia
Countries
/ Political / Afghanistan
Iran
Iraq
Israel
West Bank
Gaza Strip
Saudi Arabia
Turkey / Democratic Republic of the Congo (Zaire)
Egypt
Kenya
Nigeria
South Africa
Sudan
South Sudan / China
Japan
India
Indonesia
North Korea
South Korea
Vietnam
Physical / Euphrates River
Tigris River
Jordan River
Suez Canal
Persian Gulf
Straits of Hormuz
Arabian Sea
Red Sea / Sahara
Sahel
Savanna
Tropical rain forests
Congo River
Niger River
Nile River
Lake Tanganyika
Lake Victoria
Atlas Mountains
Kalahari Desert / Ganges River
Huang He (Yellow) River
Indus River
Mekong River
Yangtze River
Bay of Bengal
Indian Ocean
Sea of Japan
South China Sea
Yellow Sea
Gobi Desert
Taklimakan Desert
Himalayan Mountains
Tibetan Plateau

Middle East

Answer the following in complete sentences or fill in the blank.

Geography:

1. Who are Desert Nomads in the Middle East and how did these “Desert Nomads” traditionally make their livelihood?

Bedouins herd camels and sheep, trade and make small homemade goods.

2. These “Nomads,” unlike the rest of people in the Middle East who settled near Rivers the Bedouins _ lived in the Deserts.

3. What does OPEC stand for?

Organizations of Petroleum Exporting Countries

4. Explain where most countries in OPEC are from and why.

Most are from the Middle East, especially the Persian Gulf since 56% of the world’s oil is found there

5. The highest concentration Oil is found around the Persian Gulf.

6. A Canal is a man made water way that links two other bodies of water. What famous canal is found in the Middle East and why is it so important?

The Suez Canal links the Mediterranean Sea to the Red and connects the Europe to Asia without sailing around Africa. It is very important to international shipping.

7. Another name for agriculture is Farming

8. As a generalization countries in the Middle East that have Oil or Natural GAS are rich than countries that do not.

9. Most of the Middle East as a climate that is Arid/dry_. Countries that are Arid often have large Deserts which cannot support plants or animal life.

10. In a few sentences explain why dams cause problems for people in the Middle East?

Since most of the Middle East is Arid or Semiarid Rivers and irrigation are essential for farming. Dams limit the water to countries downstream and causes conflicts between neighboring countries.

11. A country located on what part of the river has the most control of a river and why?

Near the Origin (top) because they have more control of the amount and quality of the river water.

Culture and History:

12. Define Culture:

Ethnicity which usually shares

J  Language

J  History

J  Sometimes religion

J  Land

13. Fill Out:

14. What are the Abraham Religions and why are they called that?

Judaism, Christianity and Islam trace their origins back to Abraham

15. Fill in the Timeline Below to match the Abrahamic Religions:

1,800 BCE 0 CE 620 CE 2011CE

16. Judaism is the world’s first Monotheistic religion which means that Jews only believe in one God.

17. What country do most Jews live in the Middle East and why is this country so special to them?

Isreal, since they believe god promised them this land in the exodus.

18. Christians believe that Jesus is the Son of God or Savior of Man

19. Because Jesus was born in the Roman Empire many roads which went through the Middle East, North Africa, and Europe helped spread Christianity.

20. What City and Country did Islam start in?

Mecca, Saudi Arabia

21. What are the 5 pillars, or basic obligations, of Islam?

1.  Declaration of Faith

2.  Prayer 5 times daily

3.  Alms/giving to poor

4.  Hajj

5.  Ramadan (trip to Mecca)

22. Who is the prophet in Islam?

Muhammad

23. In Islam there are two types of Muslims the _Sunni and the _Shia.

24. Most of the Muslims in the world are _Sunni_ Muslims, but most of the Muslims in Iran are Shia_ Muslims.

25

Sunni / Similarities / Shia
85-90% of Muslims in world
Believe Caliph should be strong religious leader
In many ethnic groups including most of Arab / Both Muslims and follow 5 pillars / 10-15% of Muslims in world
Believe Caliph should be related to Muhammad
Mostly Persians, but some other ethnic groups too

26. _European Politicians decided the boundaries of the former Ottoman Empire.

27. The Main religion in the Ottoman Empire was _Islam, but _Christians and _Jews_ lived there too.

28. What did Europeans NOT consider when they decide to break up the Ottoman Empire?

Ethnic and religious groups

29. During the Holocaust 11 million Europeans died and 6 million were Jewish.

30. What world organization decide to give Jewish people the land of Israel and WHY?

The United Nations after Jewish suffering during the Holocaust

31. Neighboring Arab countries who mostly practiced the Sunni Islam faith helped the Palestinians who used to live in Israel, because they shared a religion and Language with them and not the Jews.

32. The Palestinians land since the creation of the State of Israel has become Smaller and now all Palestinians live in the Gaza Strip or the West Bank As a result Israel was larger than originally planned.

33. The most important natural resource in the Middle East is Oil, because countries that have this are rich.

Government:

34. In 2001 the United States invaded __Afghanistan because they believed the government of Afghanistan was offering safety to terrorists like Al-Qaeda

35. In 2003 the United States went to war with _Iraq because they believed Iraq was creating Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) and helping _Al-Qaeda.

36. Iraq has many _Ethnic_ and religious groups which have made it difficult for the new government to form.

(Persians, Arabs, Druze, Kurds and Christians, Sunni Islam, Shia Islam, Jews)

37. Almost all the countries in the Middle East have large oil deposits EXCEPT Israel

38. In general as Literacy rates go Up national wealth or GDP also goes Up (0r down and down)

39. Israel is the country in the Middle East which has developed strong technology as a result of having little oil.

40-41. Match the definition with the vocab word:

Specialization / Producing goods that a country can easily making and trading for goods a country cannot easily make.
Legislative / Branch of Government responsible for making and carrying out laws.
Monarchy / Government headed by a king or Queen. Is a type of Autocratic government.
GDP per capita / The wealth of a country in one year divided by its population
Quota / A way of controlling the amount of product which is made or sold

Economics:

42. By converting different Currency it is possible for different countries to buy and sell goods with different types of money.

43.The main economy of Saudi Arabia is from Oil, but it does make several billion dollars a year from tourism to Mecca (the Hajj)

44. OPEC, which stands for Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries is the most important organization in the Middle East because it controls the price of Oil

45. If a country controls the amount of a production on the global market the value of that

produce will _increase

46. Iran is a Theocratic Republic, which has elections and religious influence. The most powerful

elected office is the President, who must be approved by the Guardian Council before popular elections.

47. In a Parliamentary Democracy the Prime Minister is elected by the Political Party with the most votes, where in a Presidential Democracy the president is elected in a different vote than the one that chooses the Legislative branch.

Africa

Cause and effects: Describe at least 3 important reasons the Europeans became interested in Africa

1. Protect Trade Routes: Europeans wanted to trade with Asia without going through the Middle East
2. Slave Trade: Millions of Africans were sold into the Slave trade to the Americas, Europe and the Middle East
3. Natural Resources: Gold, Diamonds, Timber, and rubber trees were very valuable
4. Imperialism/Nationalism: TO show power to other European Nations

The Holland, Dutch, the Netherlands were the first to colonize South Africa. (hint same people 3 names)

The Zulu Nation or Ethnic group strongly resisted colonization in South Africa. They used their impressive military skills to halt colonization and temporarily defeat the British and Dutch.

After what major world event did African begin decolonizing?

WWII

What USA events were parallel to the decolonization and independence movements in Africa? Discuss the importance of these events.

The Civil Rights Movement lead by MLK Jr. and other activists help gain greater rights for African Americans in the USA. This inspired many people in South Africa, like the African National Congress.

What is the number one cause of civil war, unemployment, Ethnic Conflicts and spread of disease in Africa today? Why does this problem cause greater economic implications?

Government Corruption always these problems to exist and keeps the people marginalized from their resources. This makes a huge difference between rich and poor and causes poverty.

In the late 1880s Gold and Diamonds were found in South Africa.

After Kenyan independence the rule of One Political Party was the biggest government criticism.

The Mau Mau rebellion played a huge impact in the nationalist movement that lead to Kenyan independence.

In Sudan and Nigeria Christians and Muslims often have fighting between the North and South. In fact in 2011 South Sudan became independent as a result of this.

Which two men won the Nobel Peace Prize for the evolution to abolish Apartheid? Why did they both win the Peace Prize?

F.W. de Klerk and Nelson Mandela both worked together to peacefully end Apartheid. Revolutions and government changes can cause many problems and deaths, but by working together Apartheid ended peacefully.

Match the following Words with the definitions:

African National Congress (ANC) / Apartheid / Artificial Political Boundaries / Assimilation / Berlin Conference
Civil War / F.W. De Klerk / Imperialism / Indirect rule / Nationalism
National Assembly / Nelson Mandela / Pan Africanism
Assimilation / Giving up your customs and adopting customs of another culture.
Indirect rule / Using local officials and chiefs to administer and colony
Nationalism / Extreme pride in one’s country and results in independence of many African nations.
Imperialism / Forced control of one country by another nation.
Civil War / Fighting between two or more groups in the same country. Usually over land, ideologies, religion, ethnicities or resources.
Nelson Mandela / Leader in ANC. First Black President of South Africa. Dedicated life to abolish Apartheid.
F.W. De Klerk / President that brought the policies of Apartheid to an end. Dedicated life to abolish Apartheid.
African National Congress (ANC) / Unite South Africans for greater Civil Rights and equality for Blacks
Apartheid / Legal separation of races in South Africa.
Artificial Political Boundaries / Merging previously separated people or regions or separating previously unified people.
National Assembly / Elected Nigerian President after military rule ended
Pan Africanism / Movement which formed the African Union which works to build strong economies, safeguard human rights and encourage democracies through a unified political identity.
Berlin Conference / When Europeans decided to Partition Africa (1884-1885)

Define:

Desertification / Deforestation / Over cultivation

Asia

Please describe in 3 sentences Hindus belief in Karma, Reincarnation, and what breaks Hindus free of the Karmic cycle.

Religion / Hinduism / Buddhism / Confucianism / Shintoism
Country or origin / India / India / China / Japan

Who is considered the Founder of Buddhism and evaluate how he got the name Buddha?

Siddhartha Gautama is the founder and he became the “enlighten one” when he reached Nirvana.

Compare and Contrast

Kami / Similarities / Mila
Japanese Spirits, Shinto followers believe in / Spirits in things and ancestors in both religions that influence daily life / Swahili Spirits people who practice “Swahili” Islam believe this.

Please describe the Four Noble Truths and the Middle Way.

1. Life is Suffering2. Suffering is caused by greed  3. Remove yourself from the suffering (Nirvana) 4. Follow the eightfold path to receive Nirvana.

The Middle Way is the mindset and intention required for all Buddhist to achieve Nirvana.

Review: Name the sacred Text

Hinduism: / Judaism / Christianity: / Islam:
Vedas / Torah / Bible / Qu’ran

Explain the following in relationship to the Chinese Revolution:

Long March / Great Leap Forward / Cultural Revolution / Tiananmen Square
6,000 mile march Mao Zedong and communist are forced to take to avoid capture in 1929 / Economic policy of collective farming that resulted in widespread famine in China in the 1950s and 1960s / Policy started in the 1966s to arrest/kill any who disagreed with Mao Zedong and the Communists / 1989 student protest where hundreds were killed and arrested
Great Leap Forward / Similarities / Four Modernizations
Attempt to improve the Chinese economy under Communism and Mao Zedong
Lead to collective farming
30-45 million Chinese Died / Both attempts to improve Chinese Economy
Both implemented by Chinese Communist Pary / Successful way that improved Chinese economy
Gave farmers better seeds, equipment and fertilizers
Allowed industry move choice in what to produce and for who to produce it (consumer goods)

The collective farming movement was part of the Great Leap Forward that moved peasants into large farms in China in the 1960s.

Define Loess. Where does it come from and where does it go?

Silt/yellow sand from the Gobi Desert that flows into the Yellow (Huang He) River

The Green Revolution is when India starts to increase its agricultural production in the 1960s.

Today India’s economy is one of the world leaders in Technology and Communications

Describe what Israel and Japan Specialization in and why it is so similar.

Both have specialized in human capital and technology to increase the GDP as a result of limited arable land and natural resources. Both also use innovative farming Drip Irrigation and Desalinization in Israel and Terrance Farming in Japan.