ANSWER KEY for
At a Glance: Sentences
CHAPTER 3 Parts of Speech
Exercise 1 Identifying Parts of Speech
1.prep adj
2. advprep
3. v adj
4. adj v
5. adv v
6. prep adv
7. v n
8. n adj
9. conj pro
10. n adj
11. adv v
12. prep adv
13. v n
14. n prep
15. adj n
16. adj conj
17. prep adj
18. adj v
19. n pro
20. n v
Exercise 2 Identifying Parts of Speech
1. prep v
2. v prep
3. adj pro
4. n adj
5. adv prep
6. prep v
7. adv pro
8. v conj
9. n adv
10. pro adj
11. v adj
12. n v
13. prep adj
14. prep adj
15. prep n
16. pro adj
17. adj adj
18. adj adj
19. v adv
20. adj n
chapter 4Subjects and Verbs
Exercise 1Finding Subjects
1. evidence 7. character
2. Archaeologists 8. Some
3. bones/shells 9. They
4. objects 10. symbols
5. Priests 11. language/language
6. Part 12. (you)
Exercise 2Finding Subjects
1. Mahatma Gandhi 6. He
2. he 7. Gandhi
3. (you) 8. British
4. good 9. leaders, agitators
5. fasts, writings, speeches 10. Gandhi
Exercise 3Finding Verbs
1. live, travel 6. will beat
2. varies 7. are, live
3. is 8. hoots, shakes
4. spend 9. hear, go
5. make 10. are
Exercise 4Finding Verbs
1. share 6. can use
2. is shared 7. learned
3. can use 8. can learn
4. have 9. has learned, can ask
5. do have 10. uses
Exercise 5Finding Subjects and Verbs
1. (You)read
2. What causes
3. theycan do
4. Earthquakesshake
5. answeris
6. earthis covered
7. they are
8. platesbump, pass
9. rocksare squeezed, stretched
10. theypull, pile
11. breaks are called
12. formationis
13. wavetravels
14. vibrationsare
15. forceis
16. scientistshave tried
17. success has been
18. Earthquakes are identified
19. statesexperience
20. quake is occurring
Exercise 6Finding Subjects and Verbs
1. (You) consider
2. Puerto Ricois
3. wordsdo mean
4. Puerto Ricansare
5. Puerto Ricois
6. itwill
7. Commonwealth of
Puerto Ricois
8. Puerto Ricomeans
9. Puerto Ricobecame
10. Itbecame
12. Theycan vote
13. theyhave voted
14. manyare
15. majority speak
16. economyis based
17. Caribbbean National
Forest is treasured
18. parrots, orchids can be seen
19. Tourists visit
20. plankton light
Exercise 7Finding Subjects and Verbs
1.(You)read, learn
2.citieswere
3.Government, religionwere
4.differencewas
5.Theybuilt, sacrificed
6.ceremoniesrelated
7.societyhad
8.familyincluded
9.boyswent
girlswent, learned
10.Aztecswore
theylived
theyate
11.Scholarsdeveloped
12.calendarsare
13.languagewas
14.languagewas, represented
15.religion, governmentrequired
16.soldierscould capture, enlarge
17.Hernando Cortezlanded
18.Hewas joined
19.Aztecsrebelled
20.Spaniardskilled
theydefeated
Exercise 8Writing Sentences with Subjects and Verbs
Answers will vary.
chapter 5Kinds of Sentences
Exercise 1Identifying Clauses and Phrases
1. phrase 7. independent clause
2. dependent clause 8. dependent clause
3. independent clause 9. independent clause
4. phrase 10. phrase
5. independent clause 11. phrase
6. phrases 12. independent clause
Exercises 2, 3, 4, and 5Writing Simple, Compound, Complex, and
Compound-Complex Sentences
Answers will vary.
Exercise 6 Identifying Types of Sentences
__S__ / 1. The most popular sport in the world is soccer.__CC__ / 2. People in ancient China and Japanhad a form of soccer, and even Rome had a game that resembled soccer.
__CX__ / 3. The game as it is played today got its start in England.
__S__ / 4. In the Middle Ages, whole towns played soccer on Shrove Tuesday.
__CC__ / 5. Goals were built at opposite ends of town, and hundreds of people who lived in those towns would play on each side.
__S__ / 6. Such games resembled full-scale brawls.
__S__ / 7. The first side to score a goal won and was declared village champion.
__CP__ / 8. Then both sides tended to the wounded, and they didn’t play again for a whole year.
__S__ / 9. The rules of the game were written in the late 1800s at British boarding schools.
__CP__ / 10. Now nearly every European country has a national soccer team, and the teams participate in international tournaments.
chapter 6Combining Sentences
Exercise 1Combining Sentences: Compound
1. Oklahoma, but at
2. football, yet he
3. sports, but he
4. pentathlon, and he
5. world,” and Jim
6. athlete, so the
7. contract, and he
8. football, yet after
9. century, for he
10. man, but on
Exercise 2Combining Sentences: Compound
1. The legendary island of Atlantis has fascinated people for centuries. It probably never existed.
2. According to the Greek writer Plato, the people of Atlantis were very ambitious and warlike.. They planned to conquer all of the Mediterranean.
3. Initially, they were successful in subduing areas to the west. They became wealthy.
4. Then the people of Atlantis became proud. They became corrupt and wicked.
5. They were confident and attacked Athens. Athens and its allies defeated the invaders.
6. The story of Atlantis is probably just a tale. Many people have believed it.
7. Some writers have tried to link the legend with such real places as America and the Canary Islands. No link has been found.
8. The Minoan civilization on Crete was destroyed by tidal waves. A similar fate may have befallen Atlantis.
9. Some people speculate about a volcanic explosion on Atlantis. A volcanic eruption did destroy part of the island Thera in the Eastern Mediterranean in 1500 B.C.E.
10. Some writers have conjectured that American Indians migrated to the New World by way of Atlantis.. Archaeologists dispute that idea.
Exercise 3Combining Sentences: Complex
1. (relative pronoun) The freeway congestion was under study. The problem
occurred every Friday at noon.
2. The vacationers had a good time. The bears destroyed a few tents and ate people’s food.
3. The teenagers loved their senior prom. The band played badly.
4. Farmers gathered for miles around. Jeff had grown a fifty-pound cucumber.
5. Back-seat drivers make unwanted suggestions in the nag-proof model. They can be ejected from the vehicle.
6. (relative pronoun) The marriage counselor gave bad advice. He charged only half price.
7. (relative pronoun) The robots would not do their work. They needed fresh batteries.
8 The hurricane was expected to hit during the night. The residents checked their flashlights.
9. The ice sculptor displayed his work in the dining hall. The customers applauded.
10. Someone stole the artwork of ice. No evidence was found.
Exercise 4 Combining Sentences: Compound-Complex
Possible answers:
1. When Helen Keller suffered a serious childhood illness, she became
blind and deaf, and at first her parents did not know what to do.
2. Because her parents would not give up despite discouraging advice, they
advertised for a teacher, and a tutor named Anne Sullivan agreed to help.
3. After young Helen began to discover the world through her sense of touch,
she learned the alphabet, and she started connecting words with objects.
4. Although her physical condition was irreversible, her progress was rapid, and
in three years she could read Braille.
5. Although [or Because] she could not talk, she used sign language for speech,
and she used a special typewriter to write.
6. When she reached the age of ten, she took speech lessons from a teacher of
the deaf, and in six years she could speak well enough to be understood.
7. While she attended college, she still needed help, and Anne Sullivan continued
as her tutor and interpreter.
8. After she graduated from college with honors, she became involved in
programs to help the deaf and blind communicate, and she wrote books and
articles about problems of the disabled.
9. Because of the effects of World War II presented special problems,
Hellen Keller helped disabled people in other countries, and she helped
soldiers blinded in the war.
10. When Hellen Keller died in 1968, she had an international reputation
as a humanitarian, and her books had been translated into more than fifty languages.
Exercise 5 Correcting Omissions
1. love forpreposition
2. and the gun subject
3. on the radio, and on TV prepositions
4. saw that that
5. expenses were verb
6. learned about preposition
7. believed that that
8. and the driver subject
9. have believed verb
10. and he subject
Exercise 6 Providing Sentence Variety
Possible revision:
On the weekends I do promotions for TV’s “Power Rangers.” I’m Trini. She’s supposed to be Chinese. Because I’m Chinese-American, the kids think I’m the real Ranger when I remove my mask. Except for one occasion, I’ve never felt very much like a Ranger. It was on a weekend promotion, held at a park. While we were doing our routine, I looked around and saw a little boy collapse. Although he had probably been in distress for a while, wearing the mask, I could hardly see anything. Nevertheless, this little boy was lying there, thrashing around and trying to throw up, but no one was doing anything. The Pink Ranger started running around trying to find the child’s parents. After no one came to the aid of the boy, I ran over, took off my mask, and put my finger in his mouth to clear his throat. There I found the problem. He had been chewing on, or maybe blowing, a long balloon when he swallowed it. I pulled it out of his throat. It was almost a foot long. The whole spectacle must have looked like a magic trick. Because the child still wasn’t breathing well, the paramedics were called. They quickly helped him back to good health. His parents, who lived across the street, came to carry him home. We Rangers put our masks back on, and the audience cheered us as if we had planned the whole scene. We resumed our routine. It was just another day of work for the Power Rangers.
Exercise 7Combining Sentences
Possible answers:
1.Although cobras are among the most feared of all snakes, they are not the deadliest of all snakes.
2.Cobras do not coil before they strike; therefore, they cannot strike for a long distance.
3.Cobras do not have a hood, but they flatten their neck by moving their ribs when they are nervous or frightened.
4.Cobras inject venom with their fangs, and they spit venom at their victims.
5.Although human beings will not die from the venom that has been spit, it can cause blindness if it is not washed from the eyes.
6.A person can die from a cobra bite, and death may come in only a few hours.
7.Snake charmers have long worked with cobras; they use a snake, a basket, and a flute.
8.The snakes cannot hear the music, but they respond to the rhythmic movements of the charmers.
9.The snake charmers are hardly ever in danger of being bitten because they defang the cobras or sew their mouths shut.
10.Most cobras flee from people, but they attack if they are cornered or if they are guarding their eggs.
11.The tiny mongoose, the enemy of the cobra, uses its sharp teeth to kill the cobra.
Exercise 8Combining Sentences
Possible answers:
1.When Romeo and Juliet were young, they fell in love.
2.Because their families were feuding, Romeo and Juliet decided to run away.
3.They tried to trick their families, but their plans failed, and they both died.
4.The contestant spun the wheel one more time, and Vanna White clapped her hands with glee.
5.When only one letter remained, Pat Sajak encouraged the contestant.
6.When the wheel stopped, the contestant lost his turn.
7.The audience groaned, Vanna White almost cried, and Pat Sajak comforted her.
8.Several tabloids have reported that Elvis has not left us, for he has been sighted in several parts of the country and even on other planets.
9.The tabloids, which give credit to unnamed reliable sources, report that the King is just tired and wants privacy.
10.The central character of The Old Man and the Sea is Santiago, a fisherman with a string of bad luck.
11.Although Santiago catches a fish, he loses most of it to sharks.
12.Because he struggles courageously, he achieves a moral victory.
13.Santiago is a true hero because he obeys his code.
Exercise 9Combining Sentences
Possible revision:
Muhammad Ali, who was arguably the greatest heavyweight boxing champion, won the title on four occasions. He loved to perform for the press. He made up sayings and poems about himself and his opponents, and once said he would “float like a butterfly and sting like a bee.” Ali announced that he would win each fight, and he even named the round. After he became a Black Muslim, he refused induction into the armed services, and he was convicted of a crime for having done so. As a result he lost his championship, but later the decision was reversed by the U.S. Supreme Court. He won back the title by defeating George Foreman in1974. Then in l978 he lost it to Leon Spinks, but he regained it again the next year. In l980 he retired, but he soon returned to the ring to fight once more for the championship before he quit for good.
chapter 7Correcting Fragments, Comma Splices, and Run-Ons
Exercise 1Identifying Fragments
1. fragment 6. fragment
2. complete 7. complete
3. fragment 8. complete
4. fragment 9. fragment
5. fragment 10. fragment
Exercise 2Correcting Fragments
1.When Leroy Robert Paige was seven years old. He was carrying luggage at a railroad station in Mobile, Alabama.
2.He was a clever young fellow. Who invented a contraption for carrying four satchels (small suitcases) at one time.
3.After he did that. He was always known as Satchel Paige.
4.His fame rests on his being arguably the best baseball pitcher. Who ever played the game.
5.Because of the so-called Jim Crow laws. He, as an African American, was not allowed to play in the Major Leagues. Until 1948 after the Major League color barrier was broken.
6.By that time he was already forty-two. Although he was in excellent condition.
7.He had pitched. Wherever he could, mainly touring around the country.
8.When he faced Major Leaguers in exhibition games. He almost always won.
9.Because people liked to see him pitch. He pitched almost every day. While he was on tour.
10.One year he won 104 games. During his career he pitched 55 no-hitters and won more than 2,000 games.
11.He pitched his last game in the majors at the age of fifty-nine.
12.In 1971 he was the first African-American player. Who was voted into the Baseball Hall of Fame in a special category for those. Who played in the old Negro Leagues.
Exercise 3Correcting Fragments
1.Although Woody Guthrie had a hard life. His songs are filled with hope.
2.His autobiography, Bound for Glory, tells of this free-spirited man. Who saw boomtown oil fields dry up and crops wither in the dust bowl.
3.Many people knew him only as the author of “This Land Is Your Land.” Which is often treated as a second national anthem.
4.Because he was honest and would say what he thought. He was often out of work.
5.Cisco Houston said, “Woody is a man. Who writes two or three ballads before breakfast every morning.”
6.The hobo, the migrant worker, the merchant marine, the sign painter, the labor agitator, the musician in New York City with a hat on the sidewalk—Woody was a restless traveler. Whose life was as varied as his song bag.
7.Some of his best songs are about his experience during the days of the Great Depression. When he was an unofficial spokesperson for migrant workers in the West.
8.Arlo Guthrie, Woody’s son, achieved his own fame. While he carried on the folk music tradition of his father.
9.Woody’s song “Pretty Boy Floyd” was recorded by Bob Dylan. Who modeled his early style on that of Woody and once referred to himself as a “Woody Guthrie jukebox.”
10.A simple farmer once said to a reporter, “I’ll always remember Woody as the man. Who said, ‘Some men will rob you with a six-gun and some with a fountain pen.’”
Exercise 4Correcting Fragments
has
1.Asia having many ethnic groups.
2.Including the Chinese, the Indians, the Arabs, the Turks, and the Jews.
Combine 1 and 2.3.The Chinese have different groups.
4.Speaking many dialects.
Combine 3 and 4.5.Although they have different dialects.
Combine 5 and 6; change the first period to a comma.6.There is a national language.
7.A language called Mandarin.
Add 7 to 5 and 6.8.Cultural differences exist in Taiwan.
OKis
9.The main difference being between the Chinese from the mainland and the Taiwanese.
10.Despite the differences, all Chinese have much culture in common.
OKExercise 5Correcting Comma Splices and Run-Ons
1. CSoptimism, but
2. ROwinter, and
3. OK
4. RO winter, yet
5. CSbranches, and
6. ROmanaging, for
7. CSfood, so
8. CSwinter, and
9. ROdepressed, but
10. ROhelp, and
Exercise 6Correcting Comma Splices and Run-Ons
1. CSalive, and
2. ROalive, for
3. CSpreserved, and
4. CSCollege, but
5. ROarmchair, and
6. ROinstructions, so
7. CSCollege, but
8. RO1924, and
9. CStoo, and
10. OK
Exercise 7Correcting Comma Splices and Run-Ons
1. ROAfter Jessie
2. ROBecause the
3. CSBecause Hitler
4. ROAfter Jesse
5. OK
6. ROAfter Owens
7. OK
8. OK
9. CSAfter Owens
10. CSAlthough in
Exercise 8Correcting Comma Splices and Run-On
__CS__ / 1. / Roberto Clemente grew up poor in Puerto Rico, he would become rich and famous.__RO__ / 2. / As a child he was determined to play baseball he used a tree limb to slug an old tennis ball wrapped with yarn.
__CS__ / 3. / Clemente excelled in youth and sandlot teams, he signed a contract to play professional baseball.
__CS__ / 4. / He played for the Pittsburgh Pirates between 1955 and 1972, he was once selected the Most Valuable Player and twice had the highest hitting average in the National League.
__OK__ / 5. / Often regarded as the best right fielder of all time, he won twelve Gold Gloves for his defensive play, and it was said he could throw out runners from his knees.
__OK__ / 6. / Clemente said that he was taught good values by his family and that he respected the poor because they had learned about life from their suffering.
__CS__ / 7. / Clemente became wealthy, he always found time to help the less fortunate.
__CS__ / 8. / He liked to take an active part in his humanitarian work, in 1972 he decided to fly on an airplane he had chartered to take supplies to earthquake victims in Nicaragua.
__RO__ / 9. / The airplane crashed all aboard were killed.
__RO__ / 10. / He was a great baseball player and a great human being many schools and parks have been named after him.
Exercise 9Correcting Comma Splices and Run-Ons