ANSWER: Ares Accept Mars Until Greek Mythology Is Read <RY>
PRISON BOWL X
Questions head edited by Luke Tierney, vice head edited by Chloe Levine, and section edited by Luke Tierney, Chloe Levine, Mr. Christopher Chilton, Gilad Avrahami, Sam Brochin, Abishrant Panday, Joshua Kwan, and Daniel Ma. Questions written by Hunter College High School (Luke Tierney, Chloe Levine, Mr. Christopher Chilton, Gilad Avrahami, Sam Brochin, Abishrant Panday, Daniel Ma, David Godovich, Brian Lu, Rachel Yang, Alice Lin, Brian Huang, Jeremy Kim, Cerulean Ozarow, Philip Belin, Pedro Juan Orduz, Ben Chapman, Ada-Marie Gutierrez, and Asher Jaffe).
Round 01
Tossups
1. After this deity’s son Cycnus (“SIC-nus”) was killed by Heracles, this deity tried to avenge his death, but was stabbed by Heracles in the thigh. This god turned Alectryon into a rooster for not alerting him to the presence of Helios, and he was the defendant in the first murder trial in Greek mythology after killing Halirrhothius (“ha-li-RO-thee-us”). The (*) Spartoi were Theban warriors created from the teeth of a dragon sacred to this deity. This god was stabbed by Diomedes during the Trojan War, and he was caught in a golden net by Hephaestus while having an affair with Aphrodite. For 10 points, name this Greek god of war, often accompanied by Phobos and Deimos.
ANSWER: Ares [accept Mars until “Greek mythology” is read] <RY>
2. These structures are stacked and connected through helical ramps called Terasaki ramps. Vesicles that move from this organelle to another one are tagged with COPII (“C. O. P. 2”) while those that move back carry the COPI (“C. O. P. 1”) tag. One type of this structure works in the production of steroid hormones and detoxification. Like the Golgi Apparatus, this (*) organelle is made up of flattened membrane disks called cisternae. The general functions of this organelle include the synthesis and export of lipids and proteins. The membranes of this organelle are continuous with the outer nuclear membrane. For 10 points, name this cellular organelle whose “smooth” and “rough” types are differentiated based on ribosomal presence.
ANSWER: endoplasmic reticulum [accept rough or smooth endoplasmic reticulum] <AP>
3. Thomas E. Watson was this party’s last nominee for President, receiving just over 29,000 votes in 1908. Watson had earlier risen to prominence as this party’s Vice-Presidential nominee during a year in which the nominee for this party did not belong to it. That year was (*) 1896. In its first year and most successful year, this party gained 8% of the vote and carried 5 states under James Weaver on the Omaha Platform of 1892. Agrarianism and free silver were two major tenets of this party. For 10 points, name this late 19th-century political party that derived its name from its attempt to appeal to the people.
ANSWER: Populist Party [accept People’s Party until mentioned] <LT>
4. The Borda count is an attempt to ensure fairness in this action, but Arrow’s impossibility theorem states that under certain circumstances this action can never be entirely fair. Jehovah’s Witnesses typically do not engage in this activity based on John 17:14’s assertion that Christians “are not of the world.” The UK, US, and India typically use a (*) plurality system for this activity called “first-past-the-post,” and in the US the 19th amendment established that women have the right to perform this activity. For 10 points, name this activity, used to determine the winners of political offices by public assent.
ANSWER: voting [accept elections and clear equivalents] <CC>
5. On this man’s second voyage, he failed to replicate the route of Willem Barentsz’s last voyage when he did not pass at Novaya Zemlya. This man sailed on the Hopewell on an early expedition. This man was employed by the Muscovy Company. He died after a winter in (*) James Bay when the crew of his ship Discovery mutinied and set him adrift in the Arctic on a small boat with his son and loyal followers. For 10 points, name this explorer who, while sailing on the Half Moon, claimed New Netherland for the Dutch in 1609, and has a namesake bay in northeastern Canada.
ANSWER: Sir Henry Hudson <DM>
6. In one of this author’s stories, Doctor Cacophodel is one of eight adventurers in search of “The Great Carbuncle.” In another of his works, Beatrice’s garden work has made her poisonous. In addition to “Rappaccini’s Daughter,” this man wrote a novel in which land stolen from Matthew Maule is home to a house occupied by the (*) Pyncheon family. In perhaps the most famous work by this man, characters watch a meteor shower from atop a scaffold after Roger Chillingworth leaves his wife because she has committed adultery with Arthur Dimmesdale. For 10 points, name this author who wrote about Hester Prynne in The Scarlet Letter.
ANSWER: Nathaniel Hawthorne <CL>
7. In the Deacon process, transition metal oxides are used as a catalyst to isolate the gaseous form of one of these elements. One of these elements has a roughly 50-50 split between its 79 and 81 isotopes’ occurrence in nature. A compound with uranium and (*) 6 atoms of one of these elements is used in enriching uranium and the lightest member of this group was the first discovered to bond with xenon. This group is the only one to have elements that are all three states of matter at room temperature. One of these elements has the highest value of electronegativity. For 10 points, name this group of elements that are one electron short of a full valence shell and include bromine, fluorine, and chlorine.
ANSWER: halogens [accept Group 17 or Group 7A] <BC>
8. The artist painted himself in this work with a beret peeking over a helmeted man. A shield in this work with 18 names does not include a musician who appears on the painting’s right side. In this work, a man with a top hat holds an extremely long (*) rifle that extends into a hole above a yellow-and-blue flag. An illuminated child holding a drinking horn and a dead chicken on a belt in this work is dressed in all gold. In this painting, the lieutenant Willem van Ruytenburch (“RYE-ten-birch”) stands beside a man in a red sash, who is the leader of a company. For 10 points, name this 1642 painting of a group of soldiers led by Frans Banning Cocq, a work by Rembrandt van Rijn.
ANSWER: The Night Watch [or De Nachtwacht; accept The Militia Company of District II under the Command of Captain Frans Banninck Cocq or The Shooting Company of Frans Banning Cocq and Willem van Ruytenburch before “Frans Banning Cocq” is read, then prompt] <GA>
9. Two characters in this novel discuss the differences between grassy and starchy cow feeds. One character in this novel befriends Varenka but becomes disillusioned after learning Madame Stahl’s illness is fake at a spa in Germany. In this novel, one character is improperly upset after an accident at a horse race, and Stepan, also known as Stiva, is unfaithful to (*) Dolly. Levin eventually marries Kitty in this novel, though she earlier loved Vronsky. The title character of this novel throws herself in front of a train. For 10 points, name this novel named for a Russian woman, a work of Leo Tolstoy.
ANSWER: Anna Karenina <AL>
10. This man argued that virtue is a better guide than punishment because those who avoid punishment have no sense of shame. One of this man’s followers argued ethical intuitions come from the innate goodness of human beings; that man was Mencius (“MEN-shee-uss”). This man formulated the (*) Silver Rule, which says, do not do unto others which you would not wish done to yourself; it is the inverse of this man’s Golden Rule. Ren, the good feeling that comes with being altruistic was described by, for 10 points, what ancient Chinese author of the Analects?
ANSWER: Confucius [accept Kongfuzi or K'ung-fu-tzu or Kongzi] <CC>
11. Joseph Knight used a 1772 court decision to accomplish the aims of this movement in Scotland. The Somerset Case accomplished the goal of this movement within the borders of England and Wales. Elijah Parish Lovejoy advocated for this cause in the United States. The (*) Golden Law finally accomplished the goals of this cause in 1888 in Brazil. Pottery manufacturer Josiah Wedgwood and activist William Wilberforce both supported this cause in the United Kingdom. Wedgwood names a medallion that depicts a chained, kneeling black man that was used by this movement. For 10 points, name this political movement that sought to end slavery.
ANSWER: abolitionism [prompt on descriptive answers like ending slavery until mentioned] <LT>
12. Four war horses fight for the possession of a standard in this artist’s lost painting The Battle of Anghiari. A self-portrait of this artist with red chalk is located in the Biblioteca Reale. In one painting by this man, a river separates winding paths from icy mountains in the background. A green-clad angel supports the back of the infant Jesus in an work by this artist that uses the (*) sfumato technique. In another work by this artist, a man tipping over a salt cellar looks up at a swooning John the Baptist. In that painting by this artist, three windows provide the background for a meal seating thirteen people. For 10 points, name this Renaissance artist of The Last Supper and The Mona Lisa.
ANSWER: Leonardo (di ser Piero) da Vinci [prompt on Leonardo] <GA>
13. Seven phrases that are purported to have been uttered during this event include the “Word of Relationship” and the “Word of Triumph.” On the way to this event, the central figure was aided by Simon of Cyrene, and his face was wiped by Veronica. Both of those events occurred after the central figure in this event met his (*) mother during a journey prior to this event on which he fell three times. The scourging at the pillar and the other events of the Passion preceded this event. One man allowed this event to take place and famously washed his hands. That was Pontius Pilate. For 10 points, identify this 33 A.D. event in which a man from Nazareth was executed.
ANSWER: The Crucifixion of Jesus Christ [accept descriptions and clear equivalents; prompt on The Passion until mentioned] <LT>
14. The first section of this work was published in Mischmasch, and this part of a larger work was famously illustrated by John Tenniel. This work’s protagonist “stood a while and thought” before making a motion to the rhythm “One, two! One, two!” with a (*) “vorpal sword.” That protagonist spends some time by the Tumtum tree. This work, which introduced the word “chortle” to the English language, describes a “manxome foe” even worse than “the frumious Bandersnatch” and opens with the words, “‘Twas brillig.” For 10 points, name this nonsense poem which appears in Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There and was also written by Lewis Carroll.
ANSWER: “Jabberwocky” [accept Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There until “stood a while”; afterwards prompt] <CL>
15. This composer included sections titled “Birth of the Oceans” and “The Pulse of the Cosmos” in his unfinished Universe Symphony. This composer’s second piano sonata includes a cluster chord played with a 14¾-inch-long wooden bar. This man’s second symphony quotes Stephen (*) Foster’s “Camptown Races.” In another of his works, a woodwind quartet becomes increasingly dissonant after a trumpet repeatedly asks “The Perennial Question of Existence.” This composer wrote an arrangement of “My Country, Tis of Thee” in his organ work Variations on “America”. For 10 points, name this composer of the Concord Sonata and Three Places in New England.
ANSWER: Charles (Edward) Ives <GA>
16. Mark Meadows stated that his position regarding this initiative had not been changed by a meeting with the head of the OMB. Kentucky Senator Rand Paul unsuccessfully attempted to gain access to this bill before its official release by going to the guarded room where its text was being held. (*) Michigan Representative Justin Amash tweeted that this law would be merely the second iteration of the law that it seeks to replace. Significant provisions in this law include the introduction of tax credits to replace direct subsidies and the elimination of the individual mandate. For 10 points, name this proposed 2017 law that would replace an unpopular 2010 healthcare law.
ANSWER: American Health Care Act [accept AHCA or Ryancare or Trumpcare or a description answer such as Obamacare Replacement] <LT>
17. The proposed experiment STEP is meant to test a theory about this phenomenon. The particles theorized to explain this phenomenon are spin-2 bosons that travel at the speed of light. The first type of a wave based on this phenomenon was observed in (*) 2016 and was caused by the collision of two black holes. Escape velocity equals the square root of the quantity 2 times the constant for this phenomenon times the mass of the body divided by the radius. Earth’s value for acceleration due to this force is 9.8 meters-per-second-squared. For 10 points, name this fundamental force that is described classically by an inverse square law.
ANSWER: gravity [accept word forms such as gravitational force] <BC>
18. In one speech, this author lamented, “We pursue modernity in her incessant metamorphoses.” In addition to “In Search of the Present,” this man wrote a book which takes place in Galta and was inspired by Hanuman. This author used Heraclitus’ metaphor about two instruments to title his essay on the theory of poetry, “The (*) Bow and the Lyre.” “The Conquest and Colonialism” and “The Day of the Dead” appear in one collection by him, and one of his poems opens, “willow of crystal, a poplar of water,” has 584 lines, and is based on the Aztec calendar. For 10 points, name this Mexican Nobel Laureate whose works include The Labyrinth of Solitude and “Sunstone.”