ANSI PC63.27™/D0.7
Standard
for
Evaluation of Wireless Coexistence
Prepared by the WG on C63.27 Working Group of the ANSI ASC C63 SC7 Committee
accredited by the
American National Standards Institute
Secretariat
Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, Inc.
Approved XXNovember 2013
American National Standards Institute
Abstract:This standard provides an evaluation process and supporting test methods to quantify the ability of a wireless device to coexist with other wireless services in its intended radio frequency (RF) environments.
Keywords:coexistence, interference, EMI, immunity,reliability, RF, RFI, susceptibility, electromagnetic environments,
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History
On May 3, 2011 ANSI ASC C63® SC7 commissioned a task group to study the need for wireless coexistence evaluation methods, in response to an FDA request that the committee consider developing such evaluation methods . The FDA has observed an increasing use of wireless in medical devices and simultaneously a growing application of home telehealth, with wireless devices going with patients into a wider variety of environments. Their concern is that these devices and their wireless interface be designed to be suitable for a range of electromagnetic environments in which they will be used, particularly in the presence of in-band and adjacent band congestion.
The assignment of the task group, quoting from its PINS-C, was:
This committee project will study the need and approach to a set of tests and evaluation methods for wireless interference and coexistence. Regulators, IT system planners and others need tests that accurately evaluate the ability of wireless devices to operate in their intended environments, particularly in the vicinity of nearby in-band and adjacent-band transmitters.
Task group presented its report to sub-committee 7, recommending development of this standard. That recommendation was acted on by sub-committee 7. As a result ANSI ASC C63®approved this project on April 19, 2012.
This project builds upon the guidance of IEEE 1900.2, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Analysis of In-Band and Adjacent Band Interference and Coexistence between Radio Systems. IEEE 1900.2 provides a structure for and guidance to be used in performing a coexistence analysis. This standard provides methods for evaluating the ability of a device to coexist in its intended environment.
Introduction
The proliferation of wireless devices has been both explosive and pervasive in virtually every field in our society. The everyday use of wireless devices goes well beyond the early hand-held walkie-talkies, introduced in the 1950s. It is estimated that cellular telephones outnumber individuals in the US population and and other countries have even higher penetration rates for cell (mobile) phone usage. Wireless technologies have resulted in the birth of new applications like radio-frequency identification (RFID) systems and distributed sensor systems. Thousands of types of equipment used in consumer and industrial environments now contain one or more wireless technologies. Essentially every building now contains a wireless network to support multiple uses of wireless devices.
While the benefits of wireless technology are obvious and explain the explosive growth in both number and applications for wireless technology, there are also risks and disadvantages. These risks must be carefully evaluated and managed. Particularly as wireless technology is integrated into systems that require high degrees of reliability, such as medical devices, aircraft and nuclear power plants, it is imperative that risks be quantified, mitigated and managed to be at very low levels. Validation of the risk control measures associated with the following two areas are of interest to this group: 1) traditional EMC, and 2) wireless coexistence. Traditional EMC testing is done for devices that don’t intentionally use wireless. Wireless coexistence testing focuses on devices and systems that intentionally use wireless and it extends beyond traditional EMC to include the case in which these systems disrupt each other’s operation.
This standard defines an approach to evaluation and test methods for wireless interference and coexistence.
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Participants
At the time this standard was published, the Accredited Standards Committee on Electromagnetic Compatibility, C63®, had the following membership:
Daniel Hoolihan, Chair
, Vice Chair
Patricia Roder, Secretary
Organization RepresentedName of Representative
American Council of Independent Laboratories (ACIL)...... Harry Hodes
John Repella(Alt.)
Alcatel-Lucent...... Dheena Moongilan
Apple...... Fraidun Akhi
Indrandil Sen(Alt.)
American Radio Relay League (ARRL)...... Edward F. Hare
Kermit Carlson(Alt.)
ATT...... David Chapman
Bureau Veritas...... Andy Griffin
Mairaj Hussain(Alt.)
Cisco Systems...... Werner Schaefer
Dave Case(Alt.)
Dell Inc...... Richard Worley
Electrical Power Research Institute...... vacant
ETS-Lindgren...... Zhong Chen
Michael Foegelle (Alt.)
Federal Communications Commission (FCC)...... William Hurst
Food and Drug Administration (FDA)...... Jeffrey L. Silberberg
Donald Witters(Alt.)
Information Technology Industry Council (ITIC)...... John Hirvela
Joshua Rosenberg (Alt.)
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE)...... Donald N. Heirman
IEEE-EMCS...... H. Stephen Berger
Donald Sweeney (Alt.)
Motorola Mobility...... Tom Knipple
Motorola Solutions...... William Elliott
Deanna Zakharia(Alt.)
National Institute of Standards and Technology...... Dennis Camell
Northwest EMC...... Dean Ghizzone
Greg Kiemel (Alt.)
PCTest Engineering Laboratory...... Greg Snyder
Steve Coston (Alt.)
Polycom...... Jeff Rodman
Tony Griffiths (Alt.)
Research in Motion (RIM)...... Masud Attayi
Daoud Attayi(Alt.)
Samsung Telecommunications...... Tony Rivera
Kendra Green (Alt.)
Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE)...... Poul Andersen
Gary Fenical (Alt.)
Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications...... Gerard Hayes
Jon Kenny (Alt.)
Telecommunications Industry Ass. (TIA)...... Stepeh Whitesell
Telecommunications Certification Body (TCB) Council...... Art Wall
Bill Stumpf (Alt.)
TUV-America, Inc...... Chip Fleury
David Schaefer(Alt.)
Underwriters Laboratories...... Robert DeLisi
Jeffrey Moser(Alt.)
U.S.Department of Defense—JointSpectrumCenter...... Marcus Shellman
Michael Duncanson(Alt.)
U.S.Department of the Navy—SPAWAR...... Chris Dilay
David Hilton (Alt.)
Individual Members...... Daniel Hoolihan
John Lichtig
Werner Schaefer
Ralph M. Showers
Dave Zimmerman
Members Emeritus...... Warren Kesselman
Herbert Mertel
Robert Hofmann
At the time thisstandard was completed, the WG on C63.27 Working Group had the following membership:
H. Stephen Berger,Chair
TBD,Vice-chair
1
Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.
IEEE P DOCPROPERTY "Designation" \* MERGEFOR
Ed Hare
Harry Hodes
Dan Hoolihan
Bill Hurst
Dheena Moongilan
Jeff Silberberg
Victor Kuczynski
Kermit Phipps
Steve Whitesell
David Zimmerman
7/D0.7, July2013
ANSI PC63.27/D0.7
Standard for Evaluation of Wireless Coexistence
Contents
1. Overview......
1.1 Scope......
1.2 Purpose......
2. Normative references......
3. Definitions, acronyms, and abbreviations......
3.1 Definitions......
3.2 Acronyms and abbreviations......
4. Process Overview......
5. Pretest target of evaluation (TOE) analysis......
5.1 Evaluated TOE functionality......
5.2 RF bands and protocols......
5.3 Evaluation threshold......
5.4 Spectrum Access Taxonomy......
6. Digital conducted testing......
7. RF conducted testing......
8. Over-the-air (OTA) testing......
8.1 RF testing environments......
8.2 OTA test procedure(s)......
9. Extrapolation to field performance......
10. Field measurements......
11. Logging and performance monitoring......
12. Measurement uncertainty......
13. Test setup validation......
14. Lab accreditation requirements......
15. Glossary......
Annex A (informative) Physics of coexistence
A.1 Selection of the test area......
A.2 Determining ambient environment and incident fields from RF transmitters......
Annex B (normative) Characteristics and types of RF transmitters......
B.1 Modulation
B.2 Test Waveforms......
Annex C (informative) Obtaining appropriate experimental licenses......
Annex D (informative) RF Immunity—Modulation characteristics......
D.1 Modulation characteristics of radio services
D.2 Amplitude modulation
D.3 Pulsed amplitude modulation
Annex E (informative) Bibliography......
1 of 44
Copyright © 2012 IEEE. All rights reserved.
ANSI PC63.27/D0.7
Standard for Evaluation of Wireless Coexistence
Standard
for
Evaluation of Wireless Coexistence
IMPORTANT NOTICE: This standard is not intended to assure safety, security, health, or environmental protection in all circumstances. Implementers of the standard are responsible for determining appropriate safety, security, environmental, and health practices or regulatory requirements.
This IEEE document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading “Important Notice” or “Important Notices and Disclaimers Concerning IEEE Documents.” They can also be obtained on request from IEEE or viewed at .
1.Overview
1.1Scope
This standard provides an evaluation procedure and supporting test methods for wireless coexistence and evaluation of key performance indicators (KPI). The standard will provide evaluation procedures, test methods and other guidance necessary for performing the evaluation.
1.2Purpose
Having recognized and quantified methods of evaluation serve a number of purposes. Manufacturers and users both want to know the reliability of the wireless services they intend to use. Looking more broadly for many purposes organizations and regulators seek to understand and manage various kinds of risk. When wireless is used in a system its reliability becomes a component in a larger risk management effort. Along with its advantages, wireless introduces new potential failure modes that can result in hazardous situations. These must be understood and mitigated to the point where the risks associated by wireless are at or below acceptable levels. When the risks are adequately controlled, then wireless can be safely implemented and its benefits made available. However, before a system-wide risk assessment can be completed, the operational reliability of the wireless service used by the system must be understood.
2.Normative references
The following referenced documents are indispensable for the application of this standard. For dated references, only the edition cited applies. For undated references, the latest edition of the referenced document (including any amendments or corrigenda) applies.
ANSI C63.14-2006, American National Standard Dictionary for Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC), Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP), and Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) (Dictionary of EMC/EMP/ESD Terms and Definitions).
IEC 60601-1 ed3.0 (2005-12), Medical electrical equipment - Part 1: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance
IEC 60601-1-2 ed3.0 (2007-03), Medical electrical equipment - Part 1-2: General requirements for basic safety and essential performance - Collateral standard: Electromagnetic compatibility - Requirements and tests
IEC 80001-1 ed1.0 (2010-10), Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices - Part 1: Roles, responsibilities and activities
IEC/TR 80001-2-3 ed1.0 (2012-07), Application of risk management for IT-networks incorporating medical devices - Part 2-3: Guidance for wireless networks
IEEE 1900.2, IEEE Recommended Practice for the Analysis of In-Band and Adjacent Band Interference and Coexistence between Radio Systems
ISO 14971:2007, Medical devices -- Application of risk management to medical devices
ISO/TR 24971:2013, Medical devices -- Guidance on the application of ISO 14971
JCGM 100:2008, Evaluation of measurement data — Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement[a]
JCGM 101:2008, Evaluation of measurement data – Supplement 1 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" – Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method
JCGM 102:2011, Evaluation of measurement data – Supplement 2 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" – Extension to any number of output quantities
JCGM 104:2009, Evaluation of measurement data – An introduction to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" and related documents
IEEE Std 1309™-2005, IEEE Standard Method for the Calibration of Electromagnetic Field Sensors and Field Probes, Excluding Antennas, from 9 kHz to 40 GHz.
3.Definitions, acronyms,and abbreviations
For the purposes of this standard, the following terms and definitions apply. The Authoritative Dictionary of IEEE Standards Terms, [O2][b]andANSI C63.14-1998[c]should be referenced for terms not defined in this clause.
3.1Definitions
For the purposes of this document, the following terms and definitions apply. The IEEE Standards Dictionary Online subscription and ANSI C63.14-2006 should be consulted for terms not defined in this clause. Unless otherwise noted the definitions of this clause apply throughout this document.[d]
far-end:The receiving terminal of a communications channel.
near-end:The energized terminal of a communications channel.
3.2Acronyms and abbreviations
AMamplitude modulation
ANSIAmerican National Standards Institute
AWSAdvanced Wireless Services
CDMAcode division multiple access
CFRCode of Federal Regulations
CODECCoder-Decoder
CSMAcarrier sense multiple access
CWCarrier Wave
dBdecibel
DSSSdirect sequence spread spectrum
EMCelectromagnetic compatibility
EMIelectromagnetic interference
EUTequipment under test
EVMerror vector magnitude
FCCFederal Communications Commission