Name: ______Period: ______Date: ______

“Animated Introduction to Cancer Biology” (YouTube)

1) ______in our lungs help us to take in oxygen and get rid of wastes, such as carbon dioxide.

2) Cancer is the result of a long process that begins when one of the cells in an organ or tissue becomes ______or ______that causes it to break from the normal controls that allow our cells to work together.

3) A normal cell will only divide when it receives a ______telling it to do so.

4) Cancer cells do not obey or require normal signals for ______.

5) The ______contains the “blueprint” (code of information) that makes each one of us.

6) All cancers result from changes to ______that alter critical genes and change the behavior of affected cells.

7) The genes that are responsible for making cells ______are known as proto-onco genes.

8) Humans have ____ copies of each gene.

9) About ______% of the deaths from cancer involve tumors that have spread around the body.

10) The ______of cancer cells to different parts of the body is called metastisis.

11) Due to the high rate at which cancer cells accumulate mutations, a cancer cell that originally started as a single abnormal cell is actually made up of many slightly ______cells.

“Why Don’t We All Have Cancer?” by VSauce(Youtube)

1) About ______grams of dead skin sheds off of your body.

2) The replication of instructions for DNA in each daughter cells requires copying an exact sequence of ______nucleotides.

3) Every time a single cell in body divides, the enzymes in your body that synthesize DNA make ______mistakes.

4) DNA mutations occur randomly in your body, but they can also be inherited or caused by the ______.

5) Giraffes have ______tongues because the pigmentation in their tongues protects them from solar radiation.

6) Biological mechanisms that “autocorrect” DNA sequencing in our body correct more than ____ % of all errors.

7) The “______shadow” could be the reason why diseases that affect us later in life have not died out over time…these diseases occur after an individual is reproductive and passes on the trait.

8) Cancer Research UK points out that 40 years ago only one in four people lived ______years or longer after being diagnosed.

9) Today that number is ____ in 4 and in 20 years it could be as high as _____ in 4.