STUDY GUIDE: Human Geography FinalName:
Unit 1 – Themes of Geography and Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
- Define absolute location. Give an example
- Define relative location. Give an example
- Define geographic information system (GIS)
- What is remote sensing?
- Define toponym
- Define site
- Define human geography.
- Define human-environment interaction. Give an example.
- Define region. Give examples of the types of region.
- What is environmental determinism?
- What does the concept of space-time compression mean?
- What is distance decay.
- Describe the 3 main properties of distribution that geographers use.
- Define diffusion. List the types of diffusion.
- Define hearth.
Unit 2 – Population and Migration
- Explain population pyramids. (Know how to read types of population pyramids)
- What is overpopulation?
- Define natural increase rate (NIR). State the formula that determines the NIR.
- What is the dependency ratio? How is it calculated?
- Define fertility rate.
- Where is the most population growth occurring in the world? – more developed countries (MDC’s) or less developed countries (LDC’s)?
- Explain the Malthus Theory
- Define push factors. Give an example.
- Define pull factors. Give an example.
- List obstacles to people migrating.
- Define chain migration.
Unit 3 – Agriculture and Food
- Define agricultural density. Remember this is about a country’s farming efficiency.
- What are the characteristics of a country with low agricultural density? – How much arable land and number of farmers?
- The fundamental difference between developed and less developed countries is how they practice what?
- Define “shifting cultivation”. What is another name for it?
- The majority of less developed countries practice which type of agriculture?
- Define the von Thunen model. Make sure to identify each of the rings.
- What is the primary factor involved in the von Thunen model for choosing certain agricultural practices?
- What type of agriculture typically involves crop rotation?
- As the world population has continued to grow, what has led to more increase in food production?
- Define sustainable agriculture. What is a principle practice of sustainable agriculture?
- Define plantations. Where are they found – MDC or LDC?
Unit 4 – Industry and Urbanization
- Define peripheral model for city structure.
- Define the concentric zone model for city structure.
- What is found in the second ring of a city in the concentric zone model?
- Explain how North American suburbs are segregated.
- Define gentrification.
- Define urban sprawl
- Explain why the percentage of urban dwellers is high in more developed countries.
- Define primate city. Give an example.
- Define a bulk-reducing industry.
- Define break-of-bulk industry.
- Define just-in time manufacturing.
- Define the central place theory.
- Define range.
- Define threshold.
Unit 5 – Culture, Language and Religion
- Define popular culture. Remember wearing jeans are a good example.
- Define folk culture.
- What is the main difference between languages in the same family, branch or group?
- Define official language.
- Define isoglosses
- Define ethnic religion. Give an example.
- Define universalizing religion. Give an example.
Unit 6 – Ethnicity, Political Geography and Development
- Define race
- Define ethnicity
- When we compare ethnicity and race, what does it reveal – which one is more connected to a person’s cultural identity?
- Which motives were key for European states establishing colonies – remember the 3 G’s.
- Define nation-state
- Define sovereignty.
- Define multinational state
- List the shapes of states (political geography) – ex. Proruption.
- The Caprivi Strip in Namibia is an example of what shape of state?
- Define more developed countries (MDC)
- Define less developed countries (LDC)
- Explain the United Nation’s Human Development Index (HDI).
- Identify the 3 factors that the United Nation’s HDI takes into account.
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