World History
Chapter 3 Test Review
Ancient India and Ancient China
Mrs. Patton/Coach Bennett
Define:
yin and yang: basis for Chinese philosophy, both sides need to be balanced to get harmony/peace.
Sanskrit: Indian writing
Confucius: China’s greatest teacher and philosopher
Patriarchal: In China, power was passed down by males.
Shi Huangdi: 1st Emperor of China, united country, built Great Wall/terra cotta warriors
Vedas: holy writings of ancient Indians, Hinduism is based on them.
Silk Road: trade routes from connecting China to the Mediterranean, all the way to Rome.
Caste system: Social classes of people in India, Brahmins at top and Untouchables at bottom.
Suttee: Women throw themselves on husband’s funeral flame.
Harappa: Earliest known civilization in India, had sewer systems/running water
Dynasty: members of one family who ruled a country. China was ruled this way for a long time.
Reincarnation: rebirth of the soul into a new body (part of Hinduism)
Monsoon:seasonal winds that bring rain/flooding to India.
Questions:
1. What river did Indian civilization begin near? Indus River
2. What are the names of the two earliest civilizations in India?Harrapa and Mohenjo-Daro
3. After the early cities disappeared, how did Indian civilization begin again?
Indo-Aryans came to India, conquered the locals, and brought their civilization with them.
4. Name the three Indian empires.Indo-Aryan, Mauryan, Gupta
5. What empire did Asoka rule and why is he remembered?
Mauryan. He was a brutal, harsh warrior who became a Buddhist and changed into a peaceful person.
6. Why was the Gupta time period called the “Golden Age?”
Indians made advancements in art, science, medicine and math.
7. What are the two major religions from India?Hinduism and Buddhism
8. How did Hinduism get its start?
The Indo-Aryans brought the Vedas with them to India and the Brahmins helped people understand.
What major things do Hindusbelieve in?
They are polytheistic – many gods. Karma affects reincarnation. (How you live one life determines how
your soul is reborninto the next life) You can change your caste when you reincarnate.
9. How did Buddhism begin?
Siddhartha Guatama became enlightened and was the 1st Buddha.
Where did Buddhism spread to?
China, Japan, Vietnam
10. How are Hinduism and Buddhism similar and different? (make sure you list a lot)
Both began in India, both believe in reincarnation, BUT
Hindus = many gods, Buddhists = no god
Hindus = reincarnation forever, Buddhists = nirvana (end of reincarnation)
Hindus = caste system, Buddhists = no caste system
Hinduism = holy writings, Buddhism = holy man
11. Ancient Chinese civilization developed along what river?
Huang He or Yellow
12. What was the first major Chinese dynasty?
Shang. They developed silk and ceramic dishes called “China”
13. How did the Zhou come to power?
They conquered the Shang
What is the major accomplishment of the Zhou?
Their dynasty ruled China for the longest time in history.
Explain the Mandate of Heaven.
God gave them the right to rule China, the Zhou were the chosen family.
14. How did the Qin come to power?
Shi Huangdiconquered the Zhou
15. Who was Shi Huangdi and what did he do to make China better?
1st emperor of China. He united China (roads, money, laws) and made it an empire.
16. Whydid Shi Huangdi build the Great Wall of China?
To protect China and keep out the Mongolians who were invaders from the north.
17. What did Confucius teach?
The importance of family, respect for elders, remembering your ancestors
Where did Confucianism spread?
Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia