Name: ______

AMSCO Chapter 1 Study Guide – A New World of Many Cultures, 1491-1607

Intro

  1. How did the first people arrive to the Americas? Why did they come?
  1. What was estimated native population before Columbus arrived?
  1. Cultures of Central and South America
  1. Which civilization in the Americas was equivalent to the largest cities in Europe? What was its population?
  1. Cultures of North America
  1. What were some of the problems that southwestern natives were struggling with before the arrival of Columbus?
  1. Since northwestern natives did not have a written language, how would they preserve their history?
  1. Explain the difference between nomadicand sedentary tribes.
  1. Where did Native Americans get horses from and how did it change their way of life?
  1. Europe Moves Toward Exploration
  1. The Iroquois was a powerful group of Native Americans that lived in ______. They battled rival Natives and European from the 16th century through the American Revolution. What five tribes did the Iroquois consist of and describe how they would live?
  1. Why do you believe the Vikings’ voyages did not have an impact as that of Columbus’s?

Religious Conflict

  1. Which two royalties married in 1469 to create Spain?
  1. Explain what the Protestant Reformation was and the role that it played in the need for exploration.
  1. Expanding Trade
  1. Explain why some of the pre-Columbus way of trading did not work well.
  1. List three forms of resistance slaves used.
  1. Early Exploration
  1. What three things was Columbus looking for that he failed to find in the Americas?

Columbus’s Legacy

  1. Would you agree that Columbus “changed the world forever”? Justify your answer.

Exchanges

  1. List some of the things that Europeans got from Natives and what Natives got from Europeans.

Dividing the Americas

  1. Explain what the Line of Demarcation was and its outcome.

Spanish Exploration and Conquest

  1. What did the following people accomplish in the name of Spain:

Vazco Nunez de Balboa:

Ferdinand Magellan:

Hernan Cortez:

Francisco Pizzaro:

  1. Explain how the Encomienda System functioned? Why did the Spanish have to switch from the Encomienda System to the Asiento System?

English Claims

  1. What were England’s earliest claims to the Americas? Explain why they were not as successful as Spain?

French Claims

  1. What part of the Americas did the French claim?

Dutch Claims

  1. What part of the Americas did the Dutch claim?
  1. Spanish Settlements in North America
  1. Explain the problems that the Spanish faced as they tried to settle in the following states:

Florida:

New Mexico:

Texas:

California:

Spanish Policy

  1. Describe Spain’s treatment of Native Americans.
  1. Summarize Bartolome de Las Casas’ view towards Native Americans.
  1. Use the Venn diagram below to compare English versus Spanish policy towards Native Americans.
  1. Explain why French policy towards Native Americans was so different than that on the English and Spanish.
  1. Summarize how Native American life changed after 1492.
  1. Historical Perspectives (p. 13): In your own opinion, ‘Was Columbus a Great Hero?’
  1. Think as a Historian (p. 20): Which 3 Prompts below would best be answered with an essay that emphasizes causation?

-See page xiv for further information on causation

-Write out the prompts below

-A prompt is instruction for writing

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