All Saints Secondary Standard Grade Chemistry

All Saints Secondary Standard Grade Chemistry

Topic 5 Homework – Fuels

General Level

1. Many substances can be burned.

A / B / C
carbon / ethene / hydrogen
D / E / F
propane / methane / carbon monoxide

(a) Identify the substance which would only produce water when burned.

1 mark (PS)

(b) Identify the two substances which are produced by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.

1 mark (KU)

2. Testing Gases

(a) Which test would you use to distinguish between nitrogen and hydrogen?

1 mark (PS)

(b) Identify the solution used to test for carbon dioxide gas?

1 mark (KU)

3. Crude oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons. It is separated into different fractions at

the oil refinery.

(a) What is a hydrocarbon?

1 mark (KU)

(b) The diagram shows the percentage of each fraction obtained from a barrel of crude oil.

Draw a bar chart to show this information.

2 marks (PS)

1 mark (KU)

4. (a) The diagram shows the names and boiling ranges of some of the fractions which are obtained from crude oil.

(i) Name the process which is used to separate the crude oil into fractions.

1 mark (KU)

(ii) Label (a) and (b) for flammability and viscosity as either increasing or decreasing.

1 mark (KU)

(iii) In which fraction is propane found?

You may wish to use page 6 of the data booklet.

1 mark (PS)

5. Coal is an example of a fossil fuel.

(a) What is meant by a fuel?

1 mark (KU)

(b) Describe how coal was formed.

2 mark (KU)

1 mark (KU)

6. Large tankers are used to transport crude oil to refineries.

(a) Describe how oil vas formed.

2 marks (KU)

(b) Oil spilt at sea can cause damage to the environment. This table shows the sources of oil pollution of the sea.

Source of oil pollution / %
Industrial waste / 60
Oil industry / 14
Natural sources / 10
Shipping / 16

Draw a bar chart to show this information.

2 marks (PS)

Name this process.

1 mark (KU)

7. Petrol and lubricating oil are mixtures of hydrocarbons which are used in cars.

(a) Name the process used to separate the hydrocarbons in crude oil.

1 mark (KU)

(b) Petrol has a lower viscosity (it flows more easily) than lubricating oil. Which has the lower boiling point, petrol or lubricating oil?

1 mark (KU)

(c) Using the apparatus shown below, describe how you would compare the viscosity of petrol with the viscosity of lubricating oil.

2 marks (PS)

Topic 5 Homework – Fuels

Credit Level

1. Distillation of crude oil produces several fractions.

(a) Identify the fraction which is used as a fuel in camping gas stoves.

1 mark (KU)

(b) Identify the fraction with the highest viscosity.

1 mark (KU)

2. Crude oil arriving at the BP refinery in Grangemouth is separated into different

fractions.

(a) In which fraction will pentane be found?

You may wish to use page 6 of the data booklet to help you.

1 mark (PS)

(b) Why is the gas oils fraction more viscous than the kerosene fraction?

1 mark (KU)

3. The graph shows annual sales of leaded and unleaded petrol from 1981

onwards.

(a) Describe the trends in the amounts of leaded and unleaded petrol sold between 1988 and 1994.

1 mark (PS)

(b) Predict the sales of leaded and unleaded petrol for 1998 if these trends continue.

1 mark (PS)

(i) What type of metal is used as the catalyst?

1 mark (KU)

(ii) What does a catalytic converter do?

1 mark (KU)

(d) Mixing more air with the petrol in an engine makes combustion more complete.

This decreases pollution.

Name a pollutant which is decreased.

1 mark (KU)

4. The diagrams show how different flames can be produced in a Bunsen burner.

(a) The fuel used in a Bunsen burner is methane, CH4.

What is meant by a fuel?

1 mark (KU)

(b) Methane burns to form carbon dioxide and water.

(i) Balance this equation

CH4 + O2 CO2 + H20

1 mark (KU)

(ii) Name another product which could be formed in Flame A.

1 mark (PS)

1 mark (KU)

Topic 5 Homework – General Level