Multiple Choice - 1pt each. Please answer the multiple choice on the answer sheet.
1. Agnes is highly allergic to cats. If she is exposed to a cat for any length of time she will have trouble breathing to the point where she might need hospitalization. Her children brought home a kitten and cannot bear to part with it. Agnes decides to keep the kitten to please her children even though it will be destructive to her. Which of the following would best describe Agnes's decision?
a. disturbing
b. unjustifiable
c. maladaptive
d. atypical
2. Every time Chante opens a can of pop she taps the top eight times before opening the can. If asked, Chante will tell you she has no logical reason for her behavior. Her behavior doesn't hurt her or anyone else in any way. Which of the following would best describe Chante's behavior?
a. disturbing
b. unjustifiable
c. maladaptive
d. atypical
3. Every night before Dwayne, a college freshman, goes to bed, he gargles with mouthwash for two minutes straight. In the beginning of the year Dwayne's roommate, Travis, thought nothing of it but by the end of the semester Travis was extremely annoyed by the behavior. Which of the following would best describe Dwayne's behavior?
a. disturbing
b. unjustifiable
c. maladaptive
d. atypical
4. A person's behavior that is in violation of a cultural norm, within the culture the behavior is shown, is considered:
a. disturbing.
b. unjustifiable.
c. maladaptive.
d. atypical.
5. Many cultures in the past believed mental illness to be caused by:
a. biomedical causes.
b. improper diets.
c. demons.
d. genetics.
6. The belief that "mental" illnesses can be diagnosed on the basis of their symptoms and cured through therapy is:
a. the DSM model.
b. the behavioral model.
c. the medical model.
d. the atypical model.
7. Which of the following is false with regards to the DSM-IV-TR?
a. U.S. insurance companies use the DSM to determine disorders covered by insurance.
b. The DSM lists the causes of the disorders.
c. The DSM is subject to change and revision.
d. The DSM divides mental disorders into 17 major categories.
8. The primary purpose of the DSM-IV-TR is to:
a. list which medications are used with each disorder.
b. explain the causes of the various psychological disorders.
c. list possible treatments for psychological disorders.
d. classify psychological disorders.
9. One of the negative effects of labeling a person with a mental illness is:
a. The media's influence, people think those with a mental illness are passive and peaceful.
b. labels help mental health professionals communicate with each other.
c. labels influence expectations and perceptions of how a person will behave.
d. labels help people understand how and why a mental illness develops.
10. Jolyn is constantly apprehensive and tense. She cannot explain the feelings even though she has been dealing with them for the last year and a half. Jolyn is most likely suffering from:
a. a phobia.
b. a panic disorder.
c. a generalized anxiety disorder.
d. posttraumatic stress disorder.
11. A disorder marked by sudden bouts of intense unexplained panic is:
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. a phobia.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.
d. panic disorder.
12. Beulah is terrified of giving a speech in class. Anytime she is asked to speak in front of the class she becomes overwhelmed with fear to the point where she cannot function. Beulah is most likely suffering from:
a. social phobia.
b. generalized anxiety disorder.
c. a panic disorder.
d. agoraphobia.
13. Marc is constantly preoccupied with checking everything around his house before he goes to bed at night. On some days he has to check the stove, doors, windows, and lights up to 20 times before he feels comfortable enough to go to sleep. If he doesn't go through his checking ritual he will become so anxious he cannot sleep. Marc is most likely suffering from:
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. panic disorder.
c. dysthymic disorder.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
14. An obsession relates to _____ while a compulsion involves _____.
a. causes; symptoms
b. actions; thoughts
c. symptoms; causes
d. thoughts; actions
15. When Callie was 10 years old her house was devastated by a tornado. Ever since the event Callie has had nightmares, constant fear, and flashbacks of being trapped in a basement. Callie is most likely suffering from:
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. a panic disorder.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.
d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
16. Over the last month, Negassi has lost a significant amount of weight and has had trouble sleeping. His friends say that he has been irritable and doesn't want to do anything with them anymore. His parents worry that he is always sad, dejected, and has little energy. Negassi is most likely suffering from:
a. generalized anxiety disorder.
b. a panic disorder.
c. posttraumatic stress disorder.
d. a mood disorder.
17. Ruth at times is wild and busting with creative energy. At other times she has no energy and feels worthless. Ruth is probably suffering from:
a. bipolar disorder.b. major depression.
c. dysthymic disorder.d. obsessive-compulsive disorder.
18. Disorders in which the sense of self has become separated from previous memories, thoughts, or feelings is the definition of:
a. personality disorders.b. dissociative disorders.
c. schizophrenia.d. anxiety disorders.
19. Tina Marie was involved in a tragic automobile accident and now cannot remember the accident experience or events leading up to the accident. Tina Marie is most likely suffering from:
a. dissociative amnesia.b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. dissociative fugue.d. schizophrenia.
20. A dissociative disorder characterized by loss of identity and travel to a new location is:
a. dissociative amnesia.b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. dissociative fugue.d. multiple personality disorder.
21. Me, Myself and Irene portray characters who exhibit a number of distinct and alternative personalities. Jim Carrey would most likely be diagnosed with:
a. dissociative amnesia.b. dissociative identity disorder.
c. dissociative fugue.d. schizophrenia.
22. Hallucinations are to delusions as ______are (is) to ______.
a. precipitating; predisposingb. psychotic; neurotic
c. perceptions; beliefsd. dissociative; schizophrenia
23. Janette is convinced that the difficulties she is having with her job are due to a conspiracy organized by her secretary, one of the custodians, and two people in the next office. Assuming the conspiracy does not really exist, Janette's behavior could be described as:
a. delusional.b. a hallucination.c. antisocial.d. precipitating.
24. George is convinced his parents gave him his name because he is in reality the reincarnation of George Washington. George explains that at birth George Washington's spirit was placed inside of him. He believes someday the truth will be revealed and he will become president of the United States. George is most likely suffering from:
a. paranoid schizophrenia.
b. catatonic schizophrenia.
c. disorganized schizophrenia.
d. undifferentiated schizophrenia.
25. Ciara has always been detached from other people. She prefers the life of a loner and has never had a close friendship. Ciara is most likely suffering from:
a. antisocial personality disorder.
b. schizoid personality disorder.
c. avoidant personality disorder.
d. dependent personality disorder.
26. Jon's friends are concerned over his recent behavior. It appears that Jon has no concern for the rights or feelings of others. He shows no sense of guilt or remorse for his bad behavior, giving his friends the impression he doesn't have a conscious. Jon is most likely suffering from:
a. antisocial personality disorder.
b. schizoid personality disorder.
c. avoidant personality disorder.
d. paranoid personality disorder.
27. The founder of psychoanalysis was:
a. Carl Rogers.b. B. F. Skinner.
c. Albert Ellis.d. Sigmund Freud.
28. As a clinical psychologist Dr. Korek uses a variety of different therapies. With phobic patients she may use systematic desensitization, with depressed patients she may explain how their thoughts affect their actions, and with still others she may use free association. Dr. Korek's approach to psychotherapy would most likely be described as:
a. behavioral.b. psychoanalytic.c. eclectic.d. cognitive.
29. Dr. Silverman practices an approach to therapy where he empathically listens to the clients that come to him for help. He paraphrases, clarifies, and reflects back what his clients articulate to him. Dr. Silverman is most likely using what approach to therapy?
a. humanisticb. behaviorc. cognitive
30. The therapy approach that applies the principles of learning theory to help patients eliminate unwanted behavior is the:
a. humanistic approach.b. cognitive approach.
c. behavioral approach.d. psychoanalytic approach.
31. Arnold has a major phobia towards footballs. His therapist slowly exposes Arnold to football-related anxiety stimuli while encouraging Arnold to relax. Over time Arnold associates the pleasant state of relaxation with football, rather than an anxious state. Which therapy method is Arnold's therapist most likely using?
a. aversive conditioningb. systematic desensitization
c. a token economyd. self-serving bias
32. Which of the following would be a therapy technique from the cognitive approach?
a. aversive conditioningb. token economy
c. counterconditioningd. explanatory styles
33. Stacy therapist tries to make Stacy aware of and change her negative thoughts and then teaches her to change her behavior. Stacy's therapist is from which therapeutic approach?
a. psychoanalysisb. cognitive-behavioral
c. humanisticd. psychodynamic
34. Which of the following is true with regards to the different therapy approaches?
a. No one kind of therapy or therapist is absolutely more effective than all the others.
b. Most patients do not believe in the therapy approach their therapist uses.
c. Research has shown that going through therapy is more effective than doing nothing at all.
d. Psychoanalysis is the most effective in treating schizophrenics.
35. Seasonal affective disorder (SAD) appears to be responsive to:
a. cognitive therapy.b. counterconditioning.
c. systematic desensitization.d. light exposure therapy.
36. Dr. Nash uses drugs, electroconvulsive therapy, or surgery Dr. Nash is using:
a. psychoanalysis.b. cognitive therapy.
c. biomedical therapy.d. humanistic therapy.
37. Over the last 50 years a large number of patients have been released from mental health hospitals into the general community. This process is called:
a. reuptake.b. lobotomy.
c. systematic desensitization.d. deinstitutionalization.
38. Eletroconvulsive therapy is successfully used with:
a. depressed patient.b. schizophrenia.
c. phobias.d. personality disorders.
39. Research is currently being done to replace electroconvulsive therapy with a less traumatic procedure:
a. called repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation.
b. using new drugs.
c. similar to a frontal lobotomy.
d. using a behavioral therapy.
40. The primary purpose of a lobotomy was to:
a. calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients.b. reduce hallucinations in the schizophrenic.
c. level out the mania and depression of a patient with bipolar disorder. d. lower the anxiety of a phobic patient.
41 Immediately after an egg cell has been fertilized it is called a(n):
a. embryo.b. fetus.c. zygote.d. teratogen.
42 The period of prenatal development from two weeks after fertilization through the eight week is called the:
a. fetal stage.b. prenatal stage.c. genetic stage.d. embryonic stage.
43 Kelly's father is trying to feed her a bottle of infant formula. Unfortunately, Kelly's head is facing away from her father. Rather than physically moving Kelly's head, her father simply touches the bottle's nipple on Kelly's right cheek. Kelly, almost immediately, turns her head to the right. Kelly's father is taking advantage of:
a. reflexes.b. temperaments.c. schemas.d. teratogens.
44 Which of the following theorists developed a theory of cognitive development?
a. Lorenzb. Harlowc. Piagetd. Loftus
45 Marja has decided to try a new fast food restaurant in town. After the experience she decides the new restaurant is very similar to all the other fast food places she has been to. According to Piaget, Marja's new experience could be classified as:
a. a schema.b. accommodation.c. preoperational.d. assimilation.
46 Kayla, a young infant, is playing with her favorite toy. Kayla's brother comes along, grabs the toy, and puts in underneath a blanket sitting next to Kayla. Kayla simply lifts up the blanket, finds the toy, and continues playing with it. Kayla has learned:
a. pretend play.b. conservation.c. object permanence.d. egocentrism.
47 Ford and his sister, Mallory, are sitting down to eat a meatball. Their father puts one meatball on each of their plates and then proceeds to cut them up. When he sets the plates in front of Ford and Mallory, Mallory complains that Ford is getting more as he has eight pieces of meatball and she has only six. No matter how hard Mallory's father tries to explain that each started with one meatball, Mallory believes she is getting less. Mallory has NOT gained the ability of:
a. egocentrism.b. conservation.c. object permanence.d. abstract thinking.
48 In Harlow's experiment with baby monkeys, Harlow found the infant monkeys preferred:
a. whichever mother, cloth or wired, who provided the infant with food.
b. the wire monkey.c. whichever mother did not provide food.
d. the cloth mother no matter which mother provided food.
49 Lorenz found the baby goslings tended to follow the first large moving object they see. This is referred to as:
a. egocentrism.b. imprinting.c. reflexes.d. conservation.
50. The transition period between childhood and adulthood is called:
a. puberty.b. preconventional stage.c. generatively.d. adolescence.
51. Puberty is:
a. the developmental period just before adolescence starts.
b. the period of sexual maturity with the capability to reproduce.
c. the developmental period just after adolescence starts.
d. another name for the teen years.
52. Sexual orientation is:
a. the ability to reproduce.b. one's attraction toward people of a particular sex.
c. the appearance of secondary sexual characteristics.d. how one feels about one's given sex.
53. During adolescence a person reaches which of Piaget's cognitive stages?
a. sensorimotorb. formal operatonalc. preoperationald. concrete operational
54. Becca's primary concern with ethical behavior centers on her desire not to get punished by her parents or to gain some reward from them. Becca is in which of Kohlberg's stages of moral reasoning?
a. preconventionalb. conventionalc. postconventionald. moralistic
55. According to Erikson's stages of psychosocial development, the primary developmental task of an infant is:
a. intimacy vs. isolation.b. trust vs. mistrust.
c. authonomy vs. shame and doubt.d. integrity vs. despair.