Arnoldi
Chemistry
Acids and Bases
Acid and Base Properties Laboratory
Acids and Bases demonstrate several observable properties. For instance, they both turn colors in indicators. This laboratory will demonstrate specific color changes of acids and bases. It is divided into two sections: properties of acids and properties of bases. You will complete this laboratory in groups of four. Two partners will be responsible for completing each section of the laboratory. You will then share your results with each other in order to complete the laboratory.
PART ONE: Properties of Acids*Use NC for “No Change” results*
MATERIALS
Six Test TubesRed Litmus Paper0.1 M HCl
Test Tube Rack Blue Litmus Paper0.1 M HNO3
Test Tube BrushHydrion Paper0.1 M HC2H3O2
Stirring RodPhenolphthaleinMagnesium
10 mL Graduated CylindarMethyl Orange
PROCEDURE
1. Prepare six test tubes as follows.
Test Tubes 1 + 2prepare two test tubes with 2 mL water + 5 drops 0.1 M HCl
Test Tubes 3 + 4prepare two test tubes with 2 mL water + 5 drops HNO3
Test Tubes 5 + 6prepare two test tubes with 2 mL water + 5 drops HC2H3O2
2. Blue Litmus Test
Get one strip of Blue Litmus Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Blue Litmus Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of HCl on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of HNO3. On the other end, place one drop of HC2H3O2. Record results below:
HCl on blue litmus paper______
HNO3 on blue litmus paper______
HC2H3O2 on blue litmus paper______
3. Red Litmus Test
Get one strip of Red Litmus Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Red Litmus Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of HCl on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of HNO3. On the other end, place one drop of HC2H3O2. Record results below:
HCl on red litmus paper______
HNO3 on red litmus paper______
HC2H3O2 on red litmus paper______
4. Hydrion Paper Test
Get one strip of Hydrion Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Hydrion Paper Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of HCl on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of HNO3. On the other end, place one drop of HC2H3O2. Record results (both a color and the number – see bottle) below:
HCl on hydrion paper______
HNO3 on hydrion paper______
HC2H3O2 on hydrion paper______
5. Phenolphthalein Test
Place two drops of phenolphthalein in test tubes 1, 3, and 5. Record the results below.
HCl and phenolphthalein______
HNO3and phenolphthalein______
HC2H3O2and phenolphthalein______
6. Methyl Orange Test
Place two drops of methyl orange in test tubes 2, 4, and 6. Record the results below.
HCl and methyl orange______
HNO3and methyl orange______
HC2H3O2and methyl orange______
7. Clean all test tubes using soap, a test tube brush and water. Place upside-down on the test tube rack to dry.
8. Through away all testing papers and paper towels.
9. Wipe down the counter using a sponge.
PART TWO: Properties of Bases*Use NC for “No Change” results*
MATERIALS
Six Test TubesRed Litmus Paper1.0 M KOH
Test Tube Rack Blue Litmus Paper3.0 M NH4OH
Test Tube BrushHydrion Paper3.0 M NaOH
Stirring RodPhenolphthalein Methyl Orange
PROCEDURE
1. Prepare six test tubes as follows.
Test Tubes 1 + 2prepare two test tubes with 2 mL water + 5 drops NaOH
Test Tubes 3 + 4prepare two test tubes with 2 mL water + 5 drops KOH
Test Tubes 5 + 6prepare two test tubes with just 10 drops NH4OH
2. Blue Litmus Test
Get one strip of Blue Litmus Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Blue Litmus Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of NaOH on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of KOH. On the other end, place one drop ofNH4OH. Record results below:
NaOH on blue litmus paper______
KOH on blue litmus paper______
NH4OH on blue litmus paper______
3. Red Litmus Test
Get one strip of Red Litmus Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Red Litmus Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of NaOH on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of KOH. On the other end, place one drop ofNH4OH. Record results below:
NaOH on red litmus paper______
KOH on red litmus paper______
NH4OHon red litmus paper______
4. Hydrion Paper Test
Get one strip of Hydrion Paper. Place it on a paper towel. Label the towel “Hydrion Paper Test”. Using the glass stirring rod, place one drop of NaOH on one end of the paper. In the middle, place one drop of KOH. On the other end, place one drop ofNH4OH. Record results (both a color and the number – see bottle) below:
NaOH on hydrion paper______
KOH on hydrion paper______
NH4OH on hydrion paper______
5. Phenolphthalein Test
Place two drops of phenolphthalein in test tubes 1, 3, and 5. Record the results below.
NaOH and phenolphthalein______
KOHand phenolphthalein______
NH4OHand phenolphthalein______
6. Methyl Orange Test
Place two drops of methyl orange in test tubes 2, 4, and 6. Record the results below.
NaOH and methyl orange______
KOHand methyl orange______
NH4OHand methyl orange______
7. Clean all test tubes using soap, a test tube brush and water. Place upside-down on the test tube rack to dry. Through away all testing papers and paper towels.
8. Wipe down the counter using a sponge.
THIS PAGE LEFT BLANK ON PURPOSE
Arnoldi
Chemistry
Acids and Bases
Acid and Base Properties Lab Write-up
DATA
Appropriate Data:Turned (____) or No Change
Part I
Test / HCl / HNO3 / HC2H3O2Red Litmus Paper
Blue Litmus Paper
Hydrion Paper
Phenolphathalein
Methyl Orange
Part II
Test / NaOH / KOH / NH4OHRed Litmus Paper
Blue Litmus Paper
Hydrion Paper
Phenolphathalein
Methyl Orange
ANALYSIS
1. Acids ______on red litmus paper.
2. Acids ______on blue litmus paper.
3. Acids appear ______on hydrion paper, registering
numerical values ______on the pH scale.
4. Acids appear ______in phenolphthalein.
5. Acids appear ______in methyl orange.
6. Acids ______on red litmus paper.
7. Acids ______on blue litmus paper.
8. Acids appear ______on hydrion paper, registering numerical values ______on the pH scale.
9. Acids appear ______in phenolphthalein.
10. Acids appear ______in methyl orange.
ERROR ANALYSISWhat errors might you have made in this lab to skew your results?
CONCLUSION
1. Predict how each of the following would appear:
a. H2SO4 on blue litmus paper______
b. Adding phenolphthalein to a substance that ionized in water.______
c. Cu(OH)2 placed onto red litmus paper.______
d. Adding methyl orange to a substance that dissociated in water.______
2. A substance registers a green color using hydrion paper. Is it an acid or a base? ______
3. A substance registers a pink color using hydrion paper. Is it an acid or a base?______
4. A substance does not change the color of blue litmus paper. Is it an acid or base?______
5. A substance appears pink in phenolphthalein. Is it an acid or a base?______