(A) Draw a Ring Around the Correct Word in the Box to Complete the Sentence

BBG Academy

Exampro GCSE Science A
Limestone Test
Foundation Tier / Name:
Class:

Author: / Mrs Bradford
Date: / 18th September 2015
Time: / 35
Marks: / 37
Comments:

Q1. In a quarry, limestone is blasted into pieces by explosives.
The pieces of limestone are taken from the quarry by lorries.

(a) Draw a ring around the correct word in the box to complete the sentence.

building
Limestone can be used as a / plastic / material.
smart

(1)

(b) Tick () one possible advantage for people who live near to the limestone quarry.

Advantage / Tick ()
causes more traffic
provides jobs
attracts tourists to the area

(1)

1 ......

2 ......

(2)

(d) Limestone contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

Complete the two empty boxes in the table about the formula of calcium carbonate.

Name of element / Symbol for the element / Number of atoms in the formula
calcium / Ca / 1
carbon / C / 1
oxygen / ...... / ......

(2)

(e) Lorries take some of the limestone to be heated in a lime-kiln.
Calcium carbonate, in the limestone, decomposes when heated.

Use the balanced chemical equation to help you complete the word equation for the decomposition of calcium carbonate.

CaCO3 → CaO+ CO2

calcium carbonate → ...... + carbon dioxide

(1)

(Total 7 marks)

Q2. Limestone is mainly calcium carbonate, CaCO3

(a) Complete the two empty boxes in the table.

Symbol / Element / Number of atoms in the formula
CaCO3
Ca / calcium / 1
C / carbon / ......
O / oxygen / ......

(2)

(b) The diagram shows a lime kiln.
A lime kiln is used to heat limestone to make quicklime.

Use the diagram to help you to answer these questions.

(i) Draw a line from each substance to the name of the main chemical(s) that the substance contains.

Substance / Name of the main chemical(s)
calcium carbonate
air
calcium oxide
quicklime / methane
nitrogen and carbon dioxide
waste gases
nitrogen and oxygen

(3)

(ii)A mixture of methane and air is used in the lime kiln.

Explain why.

......

(2)

Use of limestone / Tick ()
as a building material
to make poly(ethene)
as a fuel
to make cement

(2)

(Total 9 marks)

Q3. Carbon dioxide is produced when metal carbonates are heated.

(a)(i)Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the word equation.

(1)

(ii)Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

combustion.
The reaction to produce carbon dioxide from magnesium carbonate is / decomposition.
fermentation.

(1)

(b) A student investigated what happens when metal carbonates are heated.

The student:

•used the apparatus to investigate heating four metal carbonates

•started the stop clock at the same time as he began to heat the metal carbonate

•stopped the stop clock when carbon dioxide was produced.

The student’s results are shown in the table.

Metal carbonate / Time taken for the production of carbon
dioxide to start in seconds
Calcium carbonate / 163
Copper carbonate / 24
Magnesium carbonate / 92
Zinc carbonate / 67

(i)Tick () the type of graph the student should draw from these results.

Type of graph / Tick ()
Bar chart
Line graph
Scatter graph

(1)

(ii)Use the Chemistry Data Sheet to help you to answer this question.

Draw a ring around the correct answer to complete the sentence.

less
The more reactive the metal in the carbonate the / more / time is taken for the
same

production of carbon dioxide to start.

(1)

(iii)How did the student know that carbon dioxide was produced?

Use the diagram of the apparatus to help you to answer this question.

......

(2)

(Total 6 marks)

Q4. Limestone contains calcium carbonate.

(a) Calcium carbonate has the formula CaCO3.

Complete the sentence by writing in the correct numbers.

The formula of calcium carbonate is made up of 1 calcium atom, ...... carbon atom(s)

and ...... oxygen atom(s).

(2)

(b) When limestone is heated it forms two other compounds.

(i) State one safety precaution that you should take when heating limestone.

......

(1)

(ii) Name the white solid produced.

......

(1)

(iii) Why does a piece of limestone lose mass as it is heated?

......

(1)

(d) A company wants to quarry limestone. There are some houses near the quarry.

Residents in the houses say that they do not want a quarry next to them.

(i) Suggest two reasons why they do not want the quarry next to them.

1 ......

......

2 ......

......

(2)

(ii) Suggest one possible benefit to the residents of having a quarry near their houses.

......

(1)

(Total 8 marks)

Q5. In the UK, railway sleepers are often made from concrete.

A scientist was asked to find the best concrete mixture to use so that railway sleepers would not break easily.

The scientist made:

•a mould to make small models of concrete sleepers

•concrete mixtures using crushed rock, sand, cement and water

•the equipment shown to add 0.1 kg masses until the model sleeper broke.

The scientist’s results are shown in the table.

Concrete mixture
in % by volume / Total mass added to break the model sleeper
in kg
Cement / Sand / Crushed
rock / Test 1 / Test 2 / Test 3 / Mean
10 / 70 / 20 / 1.1 / 1.3 / 1.2 / 1.2
20 / 60 / 20 / 2.6 / 2.5 / 2.4
30 / 50 / 20 / 3.3 / 3.3 / 3.3 / 3.3
40 / 40 / 20 / 3.8 / 4.0 / 3.3 / 3.9
50 / 30 / 20 / 4.5 / 4.2 / 4.3 / 4.3

(a)(i) Calculate the mean total mass added to break the model sleeper that has 20% cement by volume.

......

Mean = ...... kg

(1)

(ii)Choose one result in the table that the scientist should check and test again.

Result: % cement by volume ...... Test number ......

Explain why you chose this result.

......

(2)

(iii)What is the relationship between the total mass to break the model sleeper and the percentage (%) of cement by volume in the concrete mixture?

......

(1)

(iv)Suggest one other variable that the scientist should have recorded in the table of results.

......

(1)

(b) The scientist thought that full-size railway sleepers should be made from 30% cement, 50% sand and 20% crushed rock.

What other information about these three materials is needed before the scientist recommends using this mixture to make a full-size railway sleeper?

......

(2)

(Total 7 marks)

Exampro GCSE Science A
Limestone Test
Higher Tier / Name:
Class:

Author: / Mrs Bradford
Date: / 14th September 2015
Time: / 35
Marks: / 33
Comments:

Q1.Limestone is used for statues and buildings.

Limestone contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

(a) Figure 1 shows a limestone quarry.

Figure 1

(i)Suggest one problem quarrying limestone will cause for people living nearby.

......

(1)

(ii)Suggest one benefit of quarrying limestone for people living nearby.

......

(1)

(iii)Why are limestone statues and buildings damaged by rain?

......

(1)

(b) A student investigated what happens when limestone is heated, as shown in Figure 2.

Figure 2

This is the method the student used:

•measure the mass of limestone before heating

•measure the mass of solid product after heating

•repeat the experiment two more times.

The student’s results are shown in the table below.

Experiment 1 / Experiment 2 / Experiment 3
Mass of limestone before heating in g / 5.0 / 5.0 / 5.0
Mass of solid product after heating in g / 3.6 / 3.4 / 3.8
Mass lost in g / 1.4 / 1.6

(i)Calculate the mass lost in experiment 3.

......

Mass lost = ...... g

(1)

(ii)Calculate the mean mass lost in the three experiments.

......

Mean mass lost = ...... g

(1)

(iii)Suggest one reason why the mass lost was not the same for the three experiments.

......

(1)

calcium carbonate calcium oxide + carbon dioxide

(i)Complete the sentence.

The reaction when calcium carbonate is heated is called

thermal ......

(1)

(ii)Heating 5.0 g of calcium carbonate produces 2.8 g of calcium oxide.

Calculate the mass of carbon dioxide produced.

......

Mass of carbon dioxide = ...... g

(1)

(iii)Describe how to test a gas to show that it is carbon dioxide.

Test ......

......

Result ......

......

(2)

(Total 10 marks)

Q2. Limestone contains calcium carbonate (CaCO3).

(a) Name the type of reaction that takes place when calcium carbonate is heated strongly.

Name the products formed.

......

(3)

(b) A student investigated what happens when limestone is heated strongly.

This is the method the student used:

•measure the mass of limestone before heating

•measure the mass of solid product after heating

•repeat the experiment three more times.

The student’s results are shown in the table below.

Experiment
1 / Experiment
2 / Experiment
3 / Experiment
4
Mass of limestone
before heating in g / 5.0 / 5.0 / 5.0 / 5.0
Mass of solid product
after heating in g / 3.2 / 4.0 / 3.1 / 3.3
Mass lost in g / 1.8 / 1.0 / 1.9 / 1.7

(i)Calculate the mean mass lost, taking account of any anomalies.

......

Mean mass lost = ...... g

(2)

(ii)The student used the chemical equation to calculate the maximum mass lost by 5.0 g of calcium carbonate when heated.

The maximum mass lost is 2.2 g.

Suggest and explain two reasons why the mean mass lost in the experiments to heat limestone is less than 2.2 g.

Do not include any reference to weighing errors in your answer.

......

(4)

(Total 9 marks)

Q3. (a) Limestone is a hard rock that is used as a building material.
Limestone was used by the Egyptians to make plaster.

Reaction 1 – calcium carbonate, CaCO3, was decomposed by heating limestone

CaCO3 → CaO + CO2

Reaction 2 – water was added to the solid produced to make slaked lime

CaO + H2O → Ca(OH)2

Reaction 3 – a mixture of slaked lime and water was used as plaster. After the plaster
had set it became even harder with age

Ca(OH)2 + CO2 → CaCO3 + H2O

(i) Name the solid formed when calcium carbonate decomposed.

......

(1)

(ii) Use the reactions to explain how the plaster became even harder with age.

......

(3)

(b) A gardener wanted to make a step up to his greenhouse door. He decided to use a mixture of cement and sand to make mortar.

He experimented using mixtures with different cement to sand ratios.

• The mortar mixtures were put in the same sized mould.

• Each mortar mixture was allowed to set hard.

• He then dropped a metal ball from increasing heights until the set mortar cracked.

• He recorded his results in a table.

Volume of sand
in cm3 / Volume of cement
in cm3 / Height the metal ball dropped to crack the set mortar in cm
800 / 100 / 17
700 / 100 / 24
600 / 100 / 30
500 / 100 / 36
400 / 100 / 37
300 / 100 / 48
200 / 100 / 54

(i) What is the relationship between the volume of sand and the strength of the mortar?

......

(1)

(ii) The gardener was not sure about some of his results.

Use the results to explain why.

......

(2)

(Total 7 marks)

Q4. Limestone contains calcium carbonate, CaCO3

(a) The flow chart shows the stages in the limestone cycle.

Write the name of the correct calcium compound in each empty box to complete the flow chart.

(3)

(b) Limestone is heated with clay to make cement.
Cement is mixed with sand to make mortar.

A student investigated the strength of six mortar mixtures. Each mortar mixture contained 100cm3 cement but each contained a different volume of sand.

To do the investigation the student:

• added and stirred water into each mortar mixture

• put each mixture into the same sized moulds

• left each mixture to set hard

• dropped a metal ball from increasing heights until the mortar cracked

• recorded the results in a table.

Volume of sand in cm3 / Volume of cement in cm3 / Height the metal ball was dropped from to crack the mortar in cm
700 / 100 / 24
600 / 100 / 30
500 / 100 / 36
400 / 100 / 37
300 / 100 / 48
200 / 100 / 54

(i) What happens to the strength of the mortar as the volume of sand increases?

......

(1)

(ii) The student was worried about an anomalous result.

Which result was anomalous?

Volume of sand = ...... cm3

Explain why you have chosen this result.

......

(2)

From the results the student concluded correctly that concrete was stronger than mortar.

Suggest one reason why concrete is stronger than mortar.

......

(1)

(Total 7 marks)

M1.(a) (i)any one from:

•destruction of habitats

•fewer plants / trees to absorb carbon dioxide

•dust / noise / air / visual (pollution)

allow breathing problems