A Analyses Were Performed by Independent Sample T-Test

Table e-1. Clinical, laboratory and blood pressure profiles of the patients classified by history of hypertension, and by presence or absence of neurocirculatory abnormalitiesa

By history of arterial hypertension / By nocturnal blood pressure profile / By blood pressure response during orthostasis
Non-HBP (n= 60) / HBP
(n= 27) / P / Dipper
(n= 18) / Non-dipper (n= 69) / P / Non-OH
(n= 55) / OH
(n= 32) / P / Non-SH
(n= 69) / SH
(n= 18) / P / Neither SH nor OH (n=50) / OH+SH (n=13) / P
Age, y, mean ± SD / 67.0 ± 9.5 / 68.6 ± 8.4 / 0.457 / 62.9 ± 12.9 / 68.6 ± 7.6 / 0.018 / 66.8 ± 9.7 / 68.6 ± 8.1 / 0.369 / 67.2 ± 9.4 / 68.6 ± 8.4 / 0.552 / 66.6 ± 9.6 / 68.5 ± 7.4 / 0.498
Men, n(%)b / 24 (40.0%) / 11 (40.7%) / 0.948 / 7 (38.9%) / 28 (40.6%) / 0.896 / 18 (32.7%) / 17 (53.1%) / 0.061 / 27 (39.1%) / 8 (44.4%) / 0.682 / 17 (34.0%) / 7 (53.8%) / 0.189
Education duration, y, mean ± SD / 8.4 ± 5.0 / 8.9 ± 5.4 / 0.689 / 7.9 ± 4.8 / 8.8 ± 5.2 / 0.509 / 8.3 ± 5.4 / 9.1 ± 4.6 / 0.520 / 8.7 ± 5.0 / 8.2 ± 5.5 / 0.691 / 8.5 ± 5.4 / 8.6 ± 5.4 / 0.926
Disease duration, y, mean ± SD / 1.9 ± 0.8 / 1.5 ± 0.8 / 0.047 / 1.8 ± 0.8 / 1.8 ± 0.8 / 0.901 / 1.8 ± 0.8 / 1.7 ± 0.8 / 0.537 / 1.9 ± 0.8 / 1.4 ± 0.8 / 0.022 / 1.9 ± 0.8 / 1.4 ± 0.8 / 0.057
Hypertension, n(%)b / - / - / 1 (5.6%) / 26 (37.7%) / 0.009 / 17 (30.9%) / 10 (31.3%) / 0.974 / 17 (24.6%) / 10 (55.6%) / 0.012 / 16 (32.0%) / 9 (69.2%) / 0.015
No. of patients taking antihypertensive agents, n (%)b / 0 / 24 (88.9%) / 1 (100%) / 23 (88.5%) / 0.719 / 17 (100%) / 7 (70.0%) / 0.017 / 16 (94.1%) / 8 (80.0%) / 0.260 / 16 (100%) / 6 (66.7%) / 0.014
Diabetes mellitus, n (%)b / 7 (11.7%) / 12 (44.4%) / 0.001 / 3 (16.7%) / 16 (23.2%) / 0.551 / 9 (16.4%) / 10 (31.3%) / 0.105 / 12 (17.4%) / 7 (38.9%) / 0.049 / 9 (18.0%) / 7 (53.8%) / 0.008
Smoking status, n (%)b / Non-smoker / 55 (91.7%) / 22 (81.5%) / 0.090 / 17 (94.4%) / 60 (87.0%) / 0.625 / 49 (89.1%) / 28 (87.5%) / 0.924 / 61 (88.4%) / 16 (88.9%) / 0.503 / 44 (88.0%) / 11 (84.6%) / 0.570
Ex-smoker / 5 (8.3%) / 3 (11.1%) / 1 (5.6%) / 7 (10.1%) / 5 (9.1%) / 3 (9.4%) / 7 (10.1%) / 1 (5.6%) / 5 (10.0%) / 1 (7.7%)
Current smoker / 0 / 2 (7.4%) / 0 / 2 (2.9%) / 1 (1.8%) / 1 (3.1%) / 1 (1.4%) / 1 (5.6%) / 1 (2.0%) / 1 (7.7%)
H&Y stage, mean ± SD / 1.7 ± 0.8 / 1.7 ± 0.6 / 0.910 / 1.6 ± 0.8 / 1.7 ± 0.7 / 0.546 / 1.7 ± 0.8 / 1.7 ± 0.6 / 0.681 / 1.6 ± 0.7 / 2.0 ± 0.7 / 0.045 / 1.7 ± 0.7 / 1.9 ± 0.6 / 0.402
UPDRS, mean ± SD / 21.9 ± 2.4 / 23.6 ± 14.8 / 0.673 / 17.7 ± 14.6 / 23.6 ± 23.6 / 0.218 / 22.9 ± 17.7 / 21.5 ± 14.5 / 0.718 / 20.5 ± 15.8 / 30.5 ± 17.8 / 0.034 / 21.2 ± 16.8 / 26.0 ± 16.1 / 0.394
Lipid profiles, mean ± SD / Total cholesterol, mg/dL / 184.8 ± 42.3 / 169.6 ± 25.9 / 0.116 / 191.6 ± 37.6 / 177.1 ± 38.3 / 0.206 / 181.6 ± 37.8 / 177.3 ± 39.8 / 0.647 / 182.1 ± 36.5 / 171.0 ± 45.8 / 0.335 / 182.7 ± 36.2 / 172.3 ± 43.8 / 0.420
LDL-cholesterol, mg/dL / 111.4 ± 32.9 / 97.1 ± 25.5 / 0.071 / 116.1 ± 30.5 / 104.4 ± 31.2 / 0.210 / 104.8 ± 30.9 / 109.9 ± 32.0 / 0.513 / 106.7 ± 28.1 / 106.9 ± 43.0 / 0.987 / 104.9 ± 29.5 / 107.6 ± 41.9 / 0.801
Serum homocysteine level, μmol/L, mean ± SD / 10.4 ± 6.5 / 11.0 ± 3.5 / 0.665 / 12.3 ± 10.2 / 10.2 ± 3.9 / 0.197 / 10.2 ± 4.2 / 11.3 ± 7.4 / 0.435 / 10.4 ± 6.0 / 11.5 ± 4.2 / 0.513 / 9.8 ± 3.8 / 10.4 ± 2.7 / 0.615
Ambulatory BP monitoring, mean ± SD / MBP (daytime), mmHg / 88.5 ± 13.5 / 85.6 ± 8.4 / 0.293 / 87.8 ± 8.0 / 87.6 ± 13.1 / 0.932 / 88.3 ± 12.5 / 86.5 ± 11.7 / 0.511 / 86.3 ± 11.5 / 92.8 ± 13.7 / 0.042 / 87.4 ± 12.3 / 91.0 ± 14.5 / 0.418
MBP (nighttime), mmHg / 83.1 ± 13.3 / 83.4 ± 8.5 / 0.903 / 75.0 ± 6.4 / 85.4 ± 12.2 / 0.001 / 83.8 ± 11.6 / 82.1 ± 12.7 / 0.526 / 81.2 ± 10.6 / 91.3 ± 14.2 / 0.002 / 82.8 ± 11.3 / 89.5 ± 15.5 / 0.084
%ΔMBP, % / 5.6 ± 8.7 / 2.4 ± 5.3 / 0.082 / 14.4 ± 5.5 / 2.0 ± 6.2 / < 0.001 / 4.4 ± 7.4 / 4.9 ± 8.7 / 0.801 / 5.5 ± 7.8 / 0.9 ± 7.0 / 0.028 / 4.9 ± 7.2 / 1.7 ± 6.6 / 0.150
SD SBP, mmHg / 14.0 ± 6.3 / 13.2 ± 3.6 / 0.538 / 15.4 ± 10.2 / 13.4 ± 3.6 / 0.179 / 14.2 ± 6.5 / 13.1 ± 3.5 / 0.397 / 13.5 ± 5.8 / 14.8 ± 4.9 / 0.409 / 14.0 ± 6.6 / 14.2 ± 4.7 / 0.880
C.V. (SBP), % / 12.2 ± 5.3 / 11.6 ± 3.3 / 0.621 / 13.6 ± 8.7 / 11.6 ± 2.9 / 0.116 / 12.4 ± 5.5 / 11.4 ± 2.9 / 0.337 / 12.1 ± 5.0 / 11.8 ± 3.9 / 0.812 / 12.4 ± 5.7 / 11.7 ± 4.0 / 0.672
Head-up tilt test results, mean ± SD / SBP (supine), mmHg / 128.1 ± 18.2 / 132.9 ± 20.3 / 0.278 / 124.6 ± 12.7 / 130.9 ± 20.1 / 0.211 / 125.5 ± 14.8 / 136.6 ± 22.9 / 0.007 / 122.3 ± 13.3 / 157.7 ± 6.6 / < 0.001 / 122.5 ± 11.9 / 158.7 ± 7.3 / < 0.001
DBP (supine), mmHg / 76.6 ± 11.5 / 77.5 ± 11.7 / 0.744 / 78.7 ± 6.0 / 76.4 ± 12.5 / 0.470 / 75.4 ± 11.1 / 79.6 ± 11.9 / 0.101 / 74.0 ± 10.4 / 88.2 ± 8.1 / < 0.001 / 74.4 ± 10.4 / 89.4 ± 4.9 / < 0.001
ΔSBP, mmHg / 20.8 ± 23.7 / 29.6 ± 34.2 / 0.166 / 15.6 ± 19.1 / 25.6 ± 29.0 / 0.171 / 5.4 ± 5.7 / 54.6 ± 21.4 / < 0.001 / 14.9 ± 18.3 / 56.7 ± 31.7 / < 0.001 / 5.0 ± 5.5 / 74.8 ± 11.4 / < 0.001
ΔDBP, mmHg / 9.4 ± 15.7 / 15.8 ± 24.3 / 0.141 / 9.9 ± 13.3 / 11.8 ± 20.2 / 0.707 / - 0.8 ± 5.9 / 32.3 ± 14.5 / < 0.001 / 6.4 ± 13.8 / 30.2 ± 23.8 / < 0.001 / - 0.5 ± 6.0 / 43.3 ± 11.2 / < 0.001
CHIPS score,
mean ± SDc / 14.8 ± 13.6 / 17.6 ± 10.5 / 0.422 / 13.8 ± 10.5 / 16.1 ± 13.2 / 0.967 / 13.5 ± 12.0 / 19.4 ± 13.2 / 0.048 / 13.4 ± 10.5 / 24.4 ± 16.3 / 0.002 / 12.9 ± 11.5 / 26.5 ± 16.4 / 0.001

Abbreviations: BP = blood pressure; CHIPS = Cholinergic Pathway White Matter Hyperintensities Scale; CV = coefficient of variation; DBP = diastolic blood pressure; HBP = hypertension;H&Y = Hoehn and Yahr; LDL = low-density lipoprotein; MBP = mean arterial blood pressure; %ΔMBP= (1 - MBPnight/MBPday x 100);OH = orthostatic hypotension;SBP = systolic blood pressure; ΔSBP (DBP) = SBP (DBP)supine _ SBP (DBP)tilt;SH = supine hypertension;UPDRS = Unified Parkinson’s Disease Rating Scale.

a Analyses were performed by independent sample t-test.

b Analyses were performed by the 2test.

c Analysis was performed by analysis of covariance, controlling for age, the presence of hypertension and diabetes, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and serum homocysteine level.

Table e-2. Autonomic function test results

Variables / Patients with PD (n= 87)
Non-dipper, n (%) / 69 (79.3%)
OH, n (%) / 32 (36.8%)
SH, % / 18 (20.7%)
OH+SH, n (%) / 13 (14.9%)
Neither OH nor SH, n (%) / 50 (57.5%)
Non-dipper among OH, n (%) / 25 (78.1%)
Non-dipper among non-OH, n (%) / 44 (80.0%)
Non-dipper among SH, n (%) / 18 (100%)
Non-dipper among non-SH (%) / 51 (73.9%)
Non-dipper among OH+SH, n (%) / 13 (100%)
Non-dipper among nether OH nor SH, n (%) / 39 (78.0%)

OH; orthostatic hypotension, SH; supine hypertension.

Table e-3. Comparison of neuropsychiatric functions in patients classified by history of hypertension and by presence or absence of neurocirculatory abnormalitiesa

Non-HBP / HBP / P / Dipper / Non-dipper / P / Non-OH / OH / P / Non-SH / SH / P / Neither SH nor OH / SH+OH / P
General cognitive function / K-MMSE / 26.1 ± 3.4 / 25.1 ± 4.1 / 0.181 / 26.7 ± 3.8 / 25.5 ± 3.6 / 0.254 / 26.0 ± 3.6 / 25.4 ± 3.8 / 0.413 / 26.6 ± 3.3 / 22.7 ± 3.4 / < 0.001 / 26.3 ± 3.3 / 22.8 ± 3.1 / 0.001
CDR / 0.6 ± 0.3 / 0.6 ± 0.4 / 0.380 / 0.6 ± 0.3 / 0.6 ± 0.3 / 0.766 / 0.6 ± 0.3 / 0.7 ± 0.4 / 0.228 / 0.5 ± 0.3 / 0.8 ± 0.4 / < 0.001 / 0.6 ± 0.3 / 0.9 ± 0.4 / 0.001
Sum of box of CDR / 2.3 ± 1.5 / 2.9 ± 2.3 / 0.158 / 2.1 ± 1.6 / 2.6 ± 1.9 / 0.518 / 2.3 ± 1.6 / 2.8 ± 2.2 / 0.293 / 2.0 ± 1.4 / 4.2 ± 2.3 / < 0.001 / 2.1 ± 1.4 / 4.2 ± 2.6 / < 0.001
Attention and working memory, mean ± SD / Digit span forward / 5.3 ± 1.4 / 5.1 ± 1.0 / 0.570 / 5.5 ± 1.7 / 5.2 ± 1.2 / 0.500 / 5.4 ± 1.4 / 4.9 ± 1.2 / 0.076 / 5.4 ± 1.3 / 4.7 ± 1.1 / 0.085 / 5.4 ± 1.4 / 4.5 ± 1.1 / 0.027
Digit span backward / 3.4 ± 1.2 / 3.0 ± 1.0 / 0.062 / 3.2 ± 1.5 / 3.3 ± 1.0 / 0.397 / 3.3 ± 1.2 / 3.2 ± 1.0 / 0.412 / 3.4 ± 1.2 / 2.8 ± 0.9 / 0.094 / 3.4 ± 1.3 / 2.8 ± 1.0 / 0.112
Language and calculation, mean ± SD / K-BNT / 42.4 ± 11.6 / 40.0 ± 11.6 / 0.335 / 44.0 ± 12.6 / 41.0 ± 11.3 / 0.470 / 42.8 ± 11.0 / 39.7 ± 12.6 / 0.169 / 42.7 ± 11.1 / 34.0 ± 10.6 / 0.001 / 43.8 ± 10.7 / 34.5 ± 11.3 / 0.004
Calculation / 9.6 ± 3.2 / 9.2 ± 3.4 / 0.379 / 9.6 ± 3.7 / 9.4 ± 3.2 / 0.483 / 9.7 ± 3.2 / 9.1 ± 3.3 / 0.140 / 9.8 ± 3.1 / 8.1 ± 3.5 / 0.028 / 9.8 ± 3.1 / 8.0 ± 3.4 / 0.029
Visuospatial function, mean ± SD / RCFT copy / 28.7 ± 6.6 / 24.6 ± 10.1 / 0.015 / 29.5 ± 6.7 / 26.9 ± 8.3 / 0.200 / 27.6 ± 7.6 / 27.0 ± 8.9 / 0.625 / 29.0 ± 6.7 / 21.3 ± 9.9 / < 0.001 / 28.5 ± 7.0 / 22.1 ± 10.5 / 0.009
Verbal memory function, mean ± SD / Immediate recall / 17.7 ± 5.4 / 15.7 ± 5.3 / 0.147 / 18.3 ± 6.4 / 16.7 ± 5.1 / 0.845 / 18.2 ± 6.0 / 15.1 ± 3.7 / 0.009 / 18.3 ± 5.2 / 12.4 ± 3.5 / < 0.001 / 18.9 ± 5.7 / 12.8 ± 3.4 / < 0.001
Delayed recall / 5.2 ± 2.8 / 4.2 ± 3.1 / 0.180 / 5.3 ± 2.8 / 4.8 ± 2.9 / 0.709 / 5.6 ± 2.9 / 3.8 ± 2.5 / 0.004 / 5.5 ± 2.5 / 2.6 ± 2.2 / < 0.001 / 5.8 ± 2.8 / 2.3 ± 2.0 / < 0.001
Visuospatial memory function, mean ± SD / RCFT registration / 10.8 ± 7.3 / 9.3 ± 7.1 / 0.455 / 11.9 ± 7.8 / 9.9 ± 7.1 / 0.595 / 10.9 ± 7.5 / 9.2 ± 6.8 / 0.321 / 11.4 ± 7.5 / 6.2 ± 4.1 / 0.009 / 11.5 ± 7.6 / 6.6 ± 4.6 / 0.037
RCFT delayed recall / 10.1 ± 7.5 / 9.4 ± 7.1 / 0.762 / 11.1 ± 8.2 / 9.6 ± 7.1 / 0.901 / 10.5 ± 7.8 / 8.9 ± 6.4 / 0.337 / 10.9 ± 7.6 / 6.3 ± 4.7 / 0.024 / 11.2 ± 7.8 / 7.2 ± 4.6 / 0.094
Frontal motor function (abnormal), n (%)b / 15 (25.0%) / 7 (25.9%) / 0.927 / 3 (16.7%) / 19 (27.5%) / 0.345 / 12 (21.8%) / 10 (31.3%) / 0.329 / 11 (15.9%) / 11 (61.1%) / < 0.001 / 8 (16.0%) / 7 (53.8%) / 0.004
COWAT, mean ± SD / Animal / 13.5 ± 5.1 / 10.3 ± 4.5 / 0.003 / 13.1 ± 4.7 / 12.4 ± 5.2 / 0.836 / 12.9 ± 5.3 / 11.9 ± 4.8 / 0.349 / 13.3 ± 5.0 / 9.4 ± 4.2 / 0.004 / 13.4 ± 5.1 / 10.1 ± 4.1 / 0.036
Grocery / 14.5 ± 6.4 / 11.9 ± 5.8 / 0.050 / 13.8 ± 5.8 / 13.7 ± 6.5 / 0.735 / 14.3 ± 6.7 / 12.7 ± 5.5 / 0.187 / 14.7 ± 6.4 / 10.1 ± 4.4 / 0.007 / 14.8 ± 6.6 / 10.5 ± 4.0 / 0.024
Phonemic / 13.4 ± 11.0 / 9.4 ± 8.5 / 0.063 / 16.8 ± 11.9 / 10.9 ± 9.7 / 0.060 / 13.1 ± 11.2 / 10.5 ± 8.7 / 0.211 / 13.8 ± 10.7 / 5.7 ± 5.2 / 0.002 / 13.9 ± 11.3 / 6.2 ± 5.7 / 0.009
Stroop test, mean ± SD / Word / 98.1 ± 27.3 / 94.0 ± 33.2 / 0.500 / 96.6 ± 36.1 / 96.9 ± 27.4 / 0.927 / 95.6 ± 30.3 / 98.8 ± 27.5 / 0.676 / 101.1 ± 24.9 / 80.4 ± 38.1 / 0.008 / 98.3 ± 27.7 / 84.5 ± 36.1 / 0.146
Color / 59.9 ± 31.7 / 48.9 ± 25.4 / 0.114 / 68.1 ± 32.6 / 53.4 ± 28.9 / 0.160 / 60.0 ± 30.8 / 50.5 ± 28.4 / 0.153 / 63.3 ± 29.2 / 30.7 ± 17.1 / < 0.001 / 62.8 ± 29.1 / 33.8 ± 14.6 / < 0.001
Cognitive status, n (%)b / Normal cognition / 20 (33.3%) / 5 (18.5%) / 0.293 / 6 (33.3%) / 19 (27.5%) / 0.391 / 20 (36.3%) / 5 (15.6%) / 0.006 / 25 (36.2%) / 0 / < 0.001 / 20 (40.0%) / 0 / < 0.001
Mild cognitive impairment / 32 (53.3%) / 16 (59.3%) / 11 (61.1%) / 37 (53.6%) / 31 (56.4%) / 17 (53.1%) / 41 (59.4%) / 7 (38.9%) / 28 (56.0%) / 4 (30.8%)
Dementia / 8 (13.3%) / 6 (22.2%) / 1 (5.6%) / 13 (18.8%) / 4 (7.3%) / 10 (31.3%) / 3 (4.3%) / 11(61.1%) / 2 (4.0%) / 9 (69.2%)

Abbreviations:CDR =Clinical Dementia Rating;COWAT =Controlled Oral Word Association test;HBP = hypertension;K-BNT = Korean version of Boston Naming test; K-MMSE = Korean version of Mini-Mental StateExamination;OH = orthostatic hypotension; SH = supine hypertension;RCFT =Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure test.

Abnormal frontal motor function represents numbers of patients who have more than 2 abnormalities of the frontal motor function tests.

aAnalyses were performed by analyses of covarianc, controlling for age, education status and serum homocysteine level.

bAnalyses were performed by the 2test.

Table e-4. Correlation analysis of impact of circadian blood pressure profiles on cognition and white matter changea

MBP (Daytime) / MBP (Nighttime) / %ΔMBP / SD SBP / C. V. (SBP) / Pulse pressure
General cognitive functions
K-MMSE / 0.073 (0.504) / - 0.037 (0.738) / 0.191 (0.178) / - 0.084 (0.442) / - 0.060 (0.578) / - 0.258 (0.016)b
CDR / 0.007 (0.948) / 0.007 (0.952) / - 0.045 (0.683) / 0.177 (0.101) / 0.091 (0.404) / 0.239 (0.026)b
SOB of CDR / 0.004 (0.973) / 0.092 (0.399) / - 0.100 (0.359) / 0.203 (0.060) / 0.128 (0.237) / 0.221 (0.040)b
Attention and working memory
Digit span- forward / 0.091 (0.404) / 0.022 (0.843) / 0.055 (0.616) / - 0.168 (0.119) / - 0.171 (0.113) / - 0.263 (0.014)b
Digit span- backward / 0.143 (0.187) / 0.104 (0.343) / 0.056 (0.606) / - 0.140 (0.195) / - 0.165 (0.127) / - 0.188 (0.081)
Language and calculation
K-BNT / 0.127 (0.241) / 0.020 (0.852) / 0.149 (0.172) / - 0.062 (0.568) / - 0.045 (0.679) / - 0.256 (0.017)b
Calculation / 0.010 (0.926) / - 0.027 (0.806) / 0.090 (0.411) / - 0.180 (0.095) / - 0.199 (0.065) / - 0.125 (0.248)
Visuospatial function
RCFT copy / 0.007 (0.947) / - 0.040 (0.714) / 0.167 (0.123) / - 0.187 (0.084) / - 0.151 (0.164) / - 0.236 (0.028)b
Verbal memory function
Immediate recall / - 0.060 (0.583) / - 0.088 (0.420) / 0.007 (0.951) / - 0.082 (0.449) / 0.021 (0.848) / - 0.304 (0.004)c
Delayed recall / - 0.071 (0.514) / - 0.082 (0.452) / 0.027 (0.803) / - 0.110 (0.312) / 0.008 (0.940) / - 0.313 (0.003)c
Visuospatial memory test
RCFT registration / 0.081 (0.453) / - 0.014 (0.899) / 0.248 (0.022)b / - 0.202 (0.060) / - 0.170 (0.115) / - 0.300 (0.005)c
RCFT delayed recall / 0.087 (0.421) / - 0.014 (0.899) / 0.170 (0.117) / - 0.211 (0.050)b / - 0.198 (0.066) / - 0.360 (0.001)c
Frontal executive function
COWAT
Animal / 0.089 (0.411) / - 0.008 (0.938) / 0.139 (0.200) / - 0.095 (0.381) / - 0.045 (0.681) / - 0.309 (0.004)c
Grocery / - 0.027 (0.807) / - 0.048 (0.662) / 0.032 (0.768) / - 0.215 (0.045)b / - 0.154 (0.154) / - 0.219 (0.042)b
Phonemic / 0.035 (0.751) / - 0.096 (0.379) / 0.180 (0.098) / - 0.249 (0.020)b / - 0.148 (0.171) / - 0.341 (0.001)c
Stroop test
Word / - 0.015 (0.890) / - 0.042 (0.705) / 0.077 (0.486) / - 0.273 (0.011)b / - 0.197 (0.069) / - 0.341 (0.001)c
Color / 0.061 (0.578) / - 0.039 (0.722) / 0.169 (0.123) / - 0.135 (0.215) / - 0.051 (0.642) / - 0.410 (< 0.001)c
CHIPS score / 0.179 (0.097) / 0.244 (0.023)b / - 0.081 (0.461) / 0.086 (0.430) / - 0.053 (0.623) / 0.338 (0.001)c

Abbreviations: CDR = Clinical Dementia Rating; CHIPS = Cholinergic Pathway White Matter Hyperintensities Scale; COWAT = Controlled Oral WordAssociation Test; CV = coefficient of variation;K-BNT = Korean version of the Boston Naming Test; K-MMSE = Korean version of the Mini-Mental StateExamination; MBP = mean arterial blood pressure; %ΔMBP = (1 - MBPnight/MBPday x 100);RCFT = Rey-Osterrieth Complex Figure Test; SBP = systolic blood pressure; SOB = sum of the box.

a Analyses were performed by the Spearman rank correlation coefficients. Data are r (p value) of the correlation.

bp 0.05.

cp 0.01.