Workshop outline
"How to Develop a Lecture"
Marianne T. Guschwan, M.D. and Susan Tapert, Ph.D.
The workshop will be divided into three parts. During the first part, Dr. Guschwan will give a presentation on the preparation and delivery of a lecture. Dr. Tapert will then give a presentation on how to develop slides using Power Point. The third part of the workshop will be an interactive discussion with the audience on their particular concerns regarding this topic.
Part I: Preparation and Delivery of A Lecture
- Preparation
- Know the audience: who are they (i.e., medical students, scientists, multi-disciplinary)
- Know the material backward and forward
- Choose an area of interest
- Begin with a chapter in a book
- Review the literature
- scan review articles if possible
- otherwise, get the most recent articles
- Goals of the lecture
- separate from the major points
- What do you want the audience to remember
- Develop an outline
- 3 to 5 major points
- Build in mental breaks (e.g., anecdotes, brief cases, or appropriate use of humor)
- Visual aids
- Slides – least chance of problems
- PowerPoint presentations
- Most flexible
- Dr. Tapert will present on how to do this
- Overheads
- least preferred
- difficult to handle
- Do not copy tables/text verbatim onto the slides
- Practice, Practice, Practice!
- Delivery
- Arrive early
- Test the equipment
- Familiarize yourself with the room and lighting
- Pass out outline or slide copy but save other material (e.g., a reading list) for after the lecture or else you will distract the audience
- Stand and Deliver – Do not read!!! Do not sit!!!
- Begin with a review of your 3-5 major points
- Remind the audience where you are in the lecture – repeat your 3-5 points 3-5 times during the delivery
- Maintain eye contact so that you can adjust your speed slower or faster based on the audiences reaction
- Use the mental breaks you built into your outline
- Optimize your own personality style to maximize your assets and minimize your liabilities
- Closing the Lecture
- Summarize the points that you covered
- Watch the clock!
- How to Handle Questions
- Re-state the question
- Everyone hears it
- Subtly change the question to something that you know
- Hostile questions
- Be accepting
- Avoid anger (gain sympathy of the rest of the audience)
- Long and rambling questions
- Ask the person to focus the question
- Re-state it more simply
- Offer to address it after the lecture
- Apologize when interrupting – "I’m sorry but in the interest of time…"
- It’s OK to say you don’t know the answer to a question (can say "That’s an interesting point and I will certainly look into that issue.")
- Emergencies
- Slides are not available or equipment won’t work
- Don’t tell the audience that you forgot your slides– tell them I don’t have my slides today
- Utilize your outline
- Knowing the room can help you intervene more effectively (i.e., know where the light switches, equipment controls, and phone are)
Part II: Making and Using PowerPoint Presentations
I. Overview
A. Pros & cons
B. Software
C. Hardware
D. Web resources
- Pros & Cons of using PowerPoint presentations
- Pros
- Costs less if you have the equipment
- Can make last-minute changes or corrections
- Can animate
- Cons
- Equipment failure risk
- Challenges in changing slides
- Can animate (avoid getting excessive!)
- PowerPoint Software
- Presentation templates
- Slide layouts
- Text
- Colors
- Fonts
- Views: master slide
- Footers
- Graphics: figures, drawings
- Animation
- Projection Equipment
- Lumens
- Very bright (>1000)-can leave lights on
- Pretty good (600-1000)
- Not so great (500-600)
B. Resolution
- SVGA (800 x 600)
- XGA (1024 x 768)
- SXGA (1280 x 1024)
- Portability
- Changing slides
E. Plugging It All In
- Position laptop & projector
- Plug power into laptop & projector
- Attach cable to laptop & projector
- Turn projector on
- Boot up laptop
- May need to hit Function-F8 on laptop
- Open presentation
- Adjust image as needed
Part III: Resources for Developing Substance Use Disorders Lectures:
- www.alcoholmedicalscholars.org currently provides outlines and slide copy for the following lectures:
- Introduction to Diagnosing and Treating Alcoholism
- Brief Interventions
- Genetics of Alcoholism
- Comorbidity
- Medical Consequences
- Pharmacology and Neurobiology
- Pharmacological Interventions
- Special Populations: Adolescents and Women
- Gay and Lesbian Populations
- Spirituality in Substance Use Disorders Treatment
- Personality Disorders
- www.nida.nih.gov
- www.niaaa.nih.gov
Acknowledgements:
Alcohol Medical Scholars Program
Marc A. Schuckit, M.D.