Word-Formation: Adjectives and Adverbs

1. DESCRIBING PEOPLE .

AIM: Learning personality adjectives and adjectives used for describing holiday resorts and other places.

TYPE OF EXERCISES: synonyms, opposites, match the meaning, fill in the gaps, find the word in the text, and add the correct suffix to make a suitable word.

§ WORD-FORMATION: ADJECTIVES AND ADVERBS.

We can make adjectives from nouns or verbs with the suffixes -er / -ous / -able / -ive/ -ate / -ing. Likewise, we can make adverbs from adjectives by adding -ly.
Ø write > writer
Ø fury> furious
Ø drink> drinkable
Ø produce > productive
Ø consider> considerate
Ø amaze > amazing
Ø happy > happily
Be careful! Sometimes the spelling changes when you add a suffix. If necessary, use a dictionary to help you find the correct spelling.

1. Write the related adjectives.

1. read ______

2. mischief ______

3. depend ______

4. rely ______

5. wash ______

6. comfort ______

7. act ______

8. love ______

9. shop ______

10. interest ______

11. pass ______

12. enormity ______

13. courage ______

14. passion ______

15. care ______

16. affection ______

17. enjoy ______

18. support ______

2. Complete the following text describing Johnny, a teenager, by making correct adjectives or adverbs. Choose from the suffixes above.

I quite liked Johnny when we first met. However, although lots of my friends said they found him 1______(attract), I didn't fancy him at all. He invited me out and I must admit that I found more 2______(tempt) his sports car than himself. However, it was really 3______(enjoy) to spend time with him. The stories of his travels around the world were4______(fascinate) and there was something 5______(mystery) about his past that also attracted me. Moreover, we were both very keen on sailing . Soon I realised I was 6______(deep) in love with him. His sense of humour and his gift for poetry were so 7______(captivate). Now, three years later I 8______(absolute) adore him and I cannot understand why I didn't fall for him the moment we first set eyes on each other. He is a very 9______(care) person and an animal 10______(love). He is always 11______(affection) and 12______(love) towards me and 13______(passion) about the causes he believes in and the people he cares for. I hope we shall always love each other as much as we do now.

3. Complete these sentences with the correct adjective.

1. gossip

2. chatterbox

3. trouble-maker

4. wet-blanket

5. loner

6. killjoy

7. Don Juan

8. bore

9. jet-setter

10. eccentric

a. He knows he's attractive to women. They always fall for him. He's got lots of girl friends. He's a ______

b. He just can't stop talking. He goes on and on excitedly, about totally unimportant things. He's a ______.

c. He likes to spend a lot of time alone. He's not keen on parties and usually does things on his own. He's a ______.

d. She's very rich and spends her time between grand social occasions and luxury holidays in different parts of the world. She's a ______.

e. He's always been a bit peculiar. He doesn't do normal or conventional things and he doesn't mind. He's an ______.

f. He loves to discuss and pass on news or rumours about people's private lives. He's a ______

g. She goes on and on telling people about her children, her house , her job, and her opinions. I could go to sleep when I'm with her. She's a ______.

h. He's very strict and correct. I think he doesn't like other people to enjoy themselves. He's a ______.

i. She's always causing difficulties for other people by interfering in their lives. She's a ______.

j. She's so negative and boring. She has a depressing effect on any group of people she's with. She's a ______.

4. Match the opposites.

1. clever, bright, smart / a. introverted
2. extroverted / b. tight-fisted, mean ,thrifty
3. rude, impolite / c. courteous, well-mannered, polite
4. cruel / d. gregarious , sociable
5. generous / e. unfaithful, unloyal
6. unsociable / f. half-witted, stupid , dumb
7. faithful, loyal / g. untidy
8. tidy / h. kind-hearted

5. Fill in the gaps with the adjectives in the box.

BRIGHT SOCIABLE RUDE MEAN KIND-HEARTED POLITE FAITHFUL DUMB

1. Sam's really ______. He always cares about everyone and has the best intentions

possible.

2. I didn't like Jake's ______behaviour. He shouldn't have insulted Robert that way.

1. If the police ask you about the robbery, act ______.

2. Lina was never ______to her husband, poor chap!. She didn't stop seeing other men when she married.

3. Sarah was a very ______student. All her marks were "excellent".

4. My grandfather was a loving man but so______! He didn't even give me a present on my birthday.

5. I made a few ______remarks about her dress just to make her happy.

6. I want to be alone, please. I'm not in a ______mood.

6. Odd one out. Two of the words are synonyms, the third one is not.

a. innocent / peculiar / naive

b. confident / ambitious / pushy

c. bossy / despotic / weird

d. inquiring / confident / nosy

e. sensitive / permissive / broad-minded

f. frank / direct / obstinate

g. weird / pig-headed / eccentric

h. stubborn / big-headed / obstinate

i. self-assured / confident / peculiar

j. sensitive / sensible / down-to-earth

k. relaxed / tense / calm

l. pig-headed / reliable / trustworthy

7. STEREOTYPES. Choose one adjective for each nationality, according to the stereotype.

- SPANISH . Clever / passionate / cold

- BRITISH. Reserved / cheerful / chic

- ITALIANS. Hard-workers / meticulous / charming

- DUTCH. Tolerant / chic / fiery

- FRENCH. Warm / hedonistic / friendly

- AMERICANS. Materialistic / affectionate / calm

- IRISH. Adventurous / humorous / stylish

8. Read these advertisements from a "Lonely hearts" and "sits. wanted" column in a newspaper.

I'm looking for Mr Right, is that you? Are you a non-smoker, non-drinker, intelligent, smart, romantic, easy-going, fun-loving, mature, good-looking, generous, sensitive and into soul music, dancing, cinema and most racquet sports? If so, write to Jenny soon. Box nº DD2211

v Find words that mean:

1. Well-dressed and with a good appearance. ______

2. Concerned about and looking after others. ______

3. Isn't complicated and doesn't make any problems. ______

4. Sensible and well balanced. ______

5. Understanding and aware of other people's problems. ______

THE FEMININE TOUCH
Trustworthy, sociable cleaners available to clean your villas and apartments. Denia and Benidorm.
Family run, reasonable rates. Excellent service.
Tel. Andy (0064) 550123174

v Find words that mean:

1. Out-going, gregarious. ______

2. Reliable. ______

3. Moderate. ______

Qualified English electrician. Honest, reliable, well mannered and friendly.
All electrical work undertaken, also alarms. Torrevieja and surrounding areas.
Tel. 646230769

v Find words that mean:

1. Not telling lies; not cheating or stealing. ______

2. Polite. ______

Gentleman, easy-going. 5'11'', 13 stone, smart, calm, good-natured, home loving. Likes wining, dining, dancing, diving, trekking. Looks for slim lady, mid-fifties, cheerful, stylish, sporty, adventurous, about 5'6'' tall for long term relationship. Call me now. 639625769.

v Find words that mean:

1. Kind; ready and willing to help others, even by sacrificing one's own interest.______

2. Bringing or suggesting happiness. ______

3. Fashionable. ______

4. Going out for a drink of wine. ______

5. Going walking in the mountain. ______