Symbol and Pronunciation Key

Chapter / Symbol / Meaning / Pronunciation
2: Presenting Data in Tables and Charts
3:Summarizing and Describing Numerical Data
N / Population size
n / Sample size
m / Population Mean / mu
S / Operation of Adding / sigma or sum
SX / Adding a group of values / sigma X or sum of X
Sample mean / X bar
s2 / Population variance / sigma squared
s / Population standard deviation / sigma
S / sample standard deviation
4: Basic probability
P(A) / Probability of A / P of A
P(A and B) / Probability of A and B / P of A and B
P(A or B) / Probability of A or B / P of A or B
P(A|B) / Probability of A given B has happened / P of A given B
5: Discrete Probability Distributions / n! / n times n-1 times n-2 ….. / n factorial
the number of ways to choose x objects from a group of n objects / n combination x
6: Normal Distribution and Sampling Distributions
Mean of the distribution of sample means / mu x bar
Population standard error of the sample means / sigma x bar
p / Population proportion
ps / Sample proportion / p sub s
7: Confidence Interval Estimation
a / Level of significance / alpha
E / Margin of error / e
d.f. / Degrees of freedom
8: Hypothesis Testing, One-Sample Tests
H0 / Null hypothesis / H 0
H1 / Alternative hypothesis / H 1
9: Two-Sample Tests
n1 / Number of observations in sample 1 / n 1
n2 / Number of observations in sample 2 / n 2
Mean from first sample / x bar 1
Mean from second sample / x bar 2
Pooled sample variance / s squared p
mD / Population mean of the difference between dependent samples
Sample mean of the difference between dependent samples / d bar
Sample variance of the difference between dependent samples / s squared d
10: ANOVA
MSA / Mean square among groups
MSW / Mean square within groups
12: Simple Regression and Correlation
b0 / Population intercept / beta 0
b1 / Population slope / beta 1
b0 / Sample intercept / b 0
b1 / Sample slope / b 1
Standard error of the slope / s b 1
r2 / Coefficient of determination / r square
SYX / Standard error of the estimate
SST / Total sum of squares
SSR / Regression sum of squares
SSE / Error sum of squares
MSR / Mean square regression
MSE / Mean square error
DW / Durbin-Watson statistic
Predicted value of the dependent variable / y hat
r / Population correlation coefficient / rho
r / Sample correlation coefficient
13: Multiple Regression
VIF / Variance inflation factor