Name Hour:
Directions: Complete the concept map using the terms and phrases in the list below.2 points
particles liquids definite shape and volume gases
Directions: Match the definitions in Column II with the terms in Column I. Write the letter of the correct
definition in the blank on the left. 2 points
Column I
5. density
6. buoyancy
7. pressure
8. pascal
9. Pascal’s principle
Column II
a. SI unit of measure for pressure
b. ability of a fluid to exert an upward force
on an object immersed in it
c. the amount of mass per area (g/mL)
d. force per unit area
e. Pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted
throughout the fluid.
Directions: Match the term in Column I with the definition in Column II. Write the letter of the correct definition
in the blank at the left. 4 points
Column I
1. kinetic theory
2. plasma
3. Archimedes’ principle
4. buoyant force
5. solid
6. Bernoulli’s principle
7. viscous
8. thermal expansion
9. Pascal’s principle
10. liquid
11. gas
12. ice
Column II
a. a fluid that flows very slowly
b. state of matter with no definite shape
but with definite volume
c. explains what gives airplanes lift
d. state of matter that has no definite
shape and no definite volume
e. determines whether an object will sink
or float in a fluid
f. Matter expands when it gets hotter and
contracts when it cools.
g. state of matter with definite shape and
definite volume
h. water in the solid state
i. explains the buoyant force on an object
submerged in fluid
j. explains how the particles in gases
behave
k. gaslike mixture of charged particles that is the most abundant state of matter in the universe
l. pressure applied to a fluid is transmitted
throughout the fluid
Directions: Complete the paragraphs by using the words listed below to fill in the blanks.5 points
force / increase / increased / pressure / volumeparticles / Charles’s / size / boiling / kilopascals
Boyle’s / absolute / decrease / larger / temperature
constantly / liquids / pressure / decrease
Gases in Earth’s atmosphere exert 1. on everything.
According to the kinetic theory, the particles of a gas are 3. ______ moving.
Every time gas particles hit something and bounce off, they exert a tiny force. Pressure is this amount of4. ______ exerted per unit of area. Air pressure at sea level
is 101.3 5. .
The amount of force exerted by a gas depends on the 6.
of its container. 7. law states that if a sample of gas
is kept at constant 8. , decreasing the volume will
9. the pressure the gas exerts. Conversely, if you increase the volume, the pressure will 10. . According to the kinetic theory, if you do
not change the amount of gas or its temperature but 11.
the size of the container, the particles will strike the walls more often and the pressure
will rise. When the size of the container is 12. , the
pressure is smaller because the 13. hit the walls less often.
According to 14. law, if a sample of gas is kept at con-
stant 15. , the volume increases if the temperature is
16. . Charles’s measurements suggested that the
17. of a gas would become zero at a temperature of
–273º C. The temperature –273º C is called 18. zero. All
gases become 19. when cooled to their
20. points.
Directions: Complete the concept map using the terms in the list below.3 points
heterogeneous / elements / homogeneouscompound / substances / mixtures
Directions: Circle the term in parentheses that makes each statement correct.2 points
7. A beam of light is (visible, invisible) as it passes through a solution, but (can,
cannot) be seen as well as it passes through a colloid because it is reflected by particles.
8. Appearance and measureable are (chemical, physical) properties.
9. The change of one substance to another is a (chemical, physical) change.
10. When substances go through a chemical change, mass is always (gained, lost, conserved).
Directions: Choose the correct category from the list for each item. Each category will be used more than once.5 points
1. chalk
2. copper
3. granite
4. vinegar
5. pond water
6. water
7. salt
8. salt water
9. soft drink
10. paint
11. gold
12. a river
13. fog
14. jello
15. lead
Directions: Complete the paragraphs using the terms listed. Some terms may be used more than once.3 points
liquid / physical change / chemical change / mixturephysical properties / physical property / distillation
equals / melting / conservation of mass
Scientists try to explain how changes in substances take place. By applying energy,
you can tear a sheet of paper into pieces and cause a 1.
in the paper. On a hot summer day, water vapor will
condense into water droplets on the outside of a glass of iced tea. The glass of iced
tea is a 2. of sugar, tea, lemon, and water. Water is a clear,
colorless 3. at room temperature. The words clear and
colorless describe two 4.
of water. The melting of the ice in iced tea is a 5.
.
In comparison, a 6.
produces new substances.When a candle burns, physical and chemical changes take
place. The 7. of the wax is a physical change. The wick, as
it burns, combines with gaseous oxygen in air. After the chemical change, water
vapor and carbon dioxide gas are formed. The mass of all substances before
a chemical change 8. the mass of all substances after a
chemical change. This is called the law of 9.
To separate a solid from a liquid, such as salt from seawater, a process using
the 10. of boiling point called
11. is used.
12. Write a question that would test someone on Pascal’s principle.
13. Show how to answer the question above:
14. Write a question that would test someone on Charles’s Law.
15. Show how to answer the question above.
16. Write a question that would test someone on Boyle’s Law.
17. Show how to answer the question above.