1) Define matter.
2) Define the three states or phases of matter in terms of volume and shape.
3) Define the three states or phases of matter in terms of particles: describe how atoms can move in the solid, liquid, and gaseous states and how they are positioned relative to one another.
4) Explain how the law of conservation of energy applies to changes in matter.
5) Distinguish between homogeneous and heterogeneous material.
a) Identify examples of each.
b) Know the characteristics of a solution.
6) Distinguish between elements, compounds, and mixtures.
a) Elements cannot be broken down.
b) Compounds can be broken down into elements by a chemical decomposition reaction.
c) Mixtures can be separated into their components by a physical process.
7) Describe separation techniques for different kinds of mixtures. Separation techniques may rely on differences in density, solubility, magnetization, size (filtration), appearance, boiling point (distillation), or adhesion to paper (chromatography)
8) Describe the classification scheme for matter.
9) Identify two types of pure substances.
10) Identify a formula as that of a compound or element.
11) Distinguish between chemical properties and physical properties.
12) Distinguish between chemical change and physical change.
a) Changes of state and dissolving are physical changes.
b) Chemical changes involve changes in identity.
13) State and apply the law of conservation of matter.
14) Describe the Law of Definite Composition.
15) Determine mass percent of a compound from experimental data.
16) List the properties of metals, nonmetals, and metalloids.
17) Describe the arrangement of the periodic table.
1) Define energy and know the unit used for energy in the SI system.
2) Know the relationship between calorie and joule.
3) Distinguish between potential energy, kinetic energy, and electromagnetic energy.
4) State and apply the law of conservation of energy.
5) Describe the relationship between potential energy and stability.
6) Know the definition of temperature and heat and the units associated with each.
7) Distinguish between the heat content and temperature of a substance.
8) Distinguish between exothermic and endothermic processes.
a) How is the environment affected in each case? Apply law of conservation of energy.
9) Know the direction of heat flow.
10) Convert temperature from the Celsius (Kelvin) to the Kelvin (Celsius) scale.
11) Use particle diagrams to illustrate phase changes.
12) Define the change of phase terms: melting, fusion, freezing, crystallization, solidification, boiling, condensation, evaporation, vaporization, and sublimation.
a) Know 2 examples of substances that sublimate.
13) Describe changes of phase as endothermic or exothermic.
14) Calculate energy absorbed or released in a calorimetry experiment using Q = mCDT.
15) Know the definition, units, and symbol for specific heat.
16) Rearrange Q = mCDT to solve for m, C, or DT as well as Q.
17) Determine Tf (Ti) given Ti(Tf) and DT.
18) Define enthalpy change.
19) Know two formats for writing thermochemical equations.
20) Define endothermic and exothermic.
21) Draw simple potential energy diagrams for endothermic and exothermic processes.