Lesson Plan

By: Megan Smith

Lesson: “The Young Republic, 1816-1848”

Chapter 5, Section 2

Length: 60 minutes

Age or Grade Level Intended: U.S. History (11 – 12 grades)

Academic Standard(s):

USH.1.2 Explain major themes in the early history of the United States.

Performance Objective(s):

U.S. History students will identify/draw on a map the line that divides free states from slave states in the year 1819 prior to the Missouri Compromise.

U.S. History students will define 7 of the 10 following vocabulary terms from Chapter 5, Section 2: favorite sons, corrupt bargain, mudslinging, spoils system, caucus, secede, Whig, nullification, Trail of Tears, and Panic of 1837.

Assessment:

Map quiz – Clearly identify the line diving the free states from the slave states with a colored marker (of 1819). (attached)

(Gardner: Visual/Spatial)

Chapter 5, Section 2 vocabulary quiz (attached)

Advance Preparation by Teacher:

1.  $20 bill

2.  Prepare lecture notes

3.  Timeline for closure

4.  Vocabulary and map quiz for following day

Procedure:

Introduction/Motivation:

Ask students, “Does anyone have a $20 bill they are comfortable holding up for the class? Who is on this $20 bill? What do we know about Andrew Jackson?” (Bloom: Knowledge)

Step-by-Step Plan:

1.  Bellwork on the board: “List the advancements in transportation and how they affected the economy and social life.”

2.  Lecture and note taking (attached)

3.  Reminder of tomorrow’s quiz and a brief review of the content covered on the quizzes (quizzes attached)

Closure:

To wrap-up the lesson, together as a class we will construct a mini timeline on the board. We will discuss the previous chapter and how it fits into this lesson, and then predict where the nation is heading in terms of technology, slavery, and the economy. (Attached)

(Gardner: Visual/Spatial)

Adaptations/Enrichment:

·  Student A (unknown disability) must sit in front row every day.

·  Student B (unknown disability) must receive a copy of today’s notes from teacher.

·  Student with ADHD must sit in front row on side of classroom. S/he will assist teacher in drawing the timeline on the board.

·  Student with learning disability in reading comprehension will explain their notes to me following the lesson. I can then further assess their comprehension and provide further assistance if necessary in specific problem areas.

·  Student gifted and talented with creativity: Enrichment assignment: Write a letter to Andrew Jackson protesting slavery from the prospective of a religious northerner. (Gardener: verbal/linguistic)

Self-Reflection:

Did the students participate in discussion? Where they engaged in the topic? Was there time to ask questions throughout lecture? Did I allow enough time for students to take notes?

Lecture Notes

Chapter 5 – “The Young Republic, 1816-1848”

Section 2 – “Age of Jackson”

I.  Intro to lesson – Before beginning the new material, we need to review the slave states and free states discussed in previous chapters. Discuss which states are which and how to identify them. Attached is the exact map quiz that will be given to students on the following day. Make sure students remember the concept and dividing border. This will be important when we start discussing the Missouri Compromise.

II.  The Resurgence of Sectionalism

  1. The Missouri Compromise
  2. 1819 11 free states, 11 slave states
  3. New state will throw off balance of political power in the Senate
  4. North: morally wrong (slavery)
  5. South: fear if slavery quit expanding, North would have enough votes to outlaw slavery
  6. Missouri requested admission as a slave state admitted at the same time as Maine (free state)
  7. Added that Louisiana territory North of Missouri would remain free
  8. Temporary settlement of westward expansion of slavery
  9. A Disputed Election (1824)
  10. “Favorite Sons” – men who enjoyed popularity and political support in their home state and region
  11. 4 Republicans ran for Presidency
  12. Henry Clay of KY
  13. Andrew Jackson of TN
  14. John Quincy Adams of MA
  15. William Crawford of GA
  16. Jackson won popular vote but not Electoral College – decision went to House of Representatives
  17. Clay as Speak of the House threw his support to John Quincy Adams
  18. Adams bean Jackson 13 to 7
  19. Return to Two Parties
  20. Adams chose Clay as his secretary of state
  21. Corrupt bargain – Clay had secured votes for Adams in return for a cabinet post
  22. Denied wrongdoing and Jackson supporters broke off and called themselves the Democratic Republicans
  23. Adams became National Republicans

III.  A New Era in Politics

  1. States Expand Voting Rights
  2. 1824 355,000 voted
  3. 1828 1.13 million voted
  4. States were lowering voting qualifications because less and less were owning property with urbanization
  5. Jackson becomes “the People’s President”
  6. 1828 Jackson wins
  7. Mudslinging – attacking each other’s personalities and morals
  8. Jackson portrayed himself as a common man and criticized Adams as being the out-of-touch aristocrat
  9. “Old Hickory” nickname for being a hardworking, inner toughness
  10. Spoils system – practice of appointing people to government jobs based on part loyalty and support
  11. Opening gov’t to ordinary citizens
  12. Make political system more democratic
  13. Caucus – closed meeting
  14. Jacksonians replaced caucus with the national nominating convention to choose presidential candidates

IV.  Nullification Crisis

  1. South Carolina’s weak economy was blamed on tariffs
  2. 1828 Tariff of Abominations caused SC to threat to secede – withdraw from the Union
  3. John C. Calhoun came up with nullification – the right for states to declare a fed. Law null, not valid

V.  Other Domestic Matters

  1. Policies towards Native Americans
  2. 1830 Indian Removal Act – relocate Native Americans to uninhabited regions west of the Mississippi River
  3. Cherokees resisted – Van Buren sent in army to forcibly remove them 2,000 died waiting
  4. Trail of Tears – westward march – 2,000 more died of starvation and disease
  5. Jackson Battles the National Bank
  6. Jackson disliked the bank’s aristocratic President, Nicholas Biddle and resented the power of the stockholders
  7. Jackson’s second term allowed for him to veto their charter and close the bank

VI.  A New Party Emerges

  1. Whigs – led by National Republicans like Henry Clay – want to expand the federal gov’t, encourage industrial and commercial development, and create a centralized economy
  2. Van Buren’s Troubled Presidency
  3. Economic crisis: heavy spending pushed up inflation
  4. Jackson ordered Specie Circular all payments for public lands must be made in silver or gold
  5. Panic of 1837 – land sales plummeted and economic growth slowed
  6. “Tippecanoe and Tyler Too”
  7. Whigs won White House in 1840 with William Henry Harrison and John Tyler
  8. Harrison died after one month and Tyler took over – siding often with Democrats much to Whigs dismay

Chapter 21, Section 1
1790 – 1830 / Chapter 21, Section 2
1815 – 1845 / Chapter 21, Section 3
Industrial Revolution
Steamboats
Railroads
Morse code
Urban growth and immigration
Cotton industry – growing labor force, more slaves needed / Missouri Compromise
New states admitted
Andrew Jackson – “People’s President”, westward expansion
States threat secession
Indian Removal Act
John Tyler / Religious Revival
Social Reform
Education
Growing refute of slavery

Vocabulary Quiz

Chapter 5, Section 2

A.  Whig

B.  Trail of Tears

C.  Favorite sons

D.  Mudslinging

E.  Secede

F.  Corrupt bargain

G.  Caucus

H.  Panic of 1837

I.  Spoils system

J.  Nullification

Name: ______

____ Attacking each other’s morals and personalities

____Henry Clay secured votes for John Quincy Adams in return for a cabinet post

____to withdraw from the Union

____practice of appointing people to government jobs based on party loyalty and support

____men who enjoyed popularity and political support in their home state and region

____a meeting in which members of a political party choose their party’s candidate for president

____land sales plummeted and economic growth slowed; time of high inflation

____for a state to declare a federal law invalid

____military enforced relocation of Native Americans west of the Mississippi River; 2,000 Native Americans died of starvation and disease

____new party led by National Republicans like Henry Clay