UNIT 3 WATER
Groundwater Vocabulary
aquifer:the geologic formation of sand, soil and gravel where groundwater is stored
biodegradable:capable of being broken down by living things like microorganisms and bacteria
compost:fertilizing material consisting of organic, decaying matter
condensation:stage of the water cycle when water transforms from a gas into a vapor and becomes suspended in the atmosphere, visually represented by clouds
conservation:not wasting, using something wisely
contamination:an impurity in air, soil or water that can cause harm to human health or the environment
depletion:occurs when water is used faster than it is replaced; can cause a shortage
discharge:to expel; water that naturally moves from an aquifer to a surface stream or lake
drought:an extended period of dry weather
evaporation:stage of the water cycle when water transforms from a liquid into a gas
fertilizer:any chemical used to improve soil and promote plant growth
groundwater:water contained under the ground's surface, between particles of and in the cracks of sand, soil and gravel; a common source of water for drinking and irrigation
groundwater flow:the movement of groundwater beneath the earth's surface
hazard:something that is dangerous; unsafe
hydrologic cycle:see water cycle
infiltration:see recharge
irrigation:to supply water to crops, parks, golf courses and lawns
landfill:a low area of land that is filled in with layers of garbage and soil
overuse:using more than necessary; wasteful
permeable:any material that allows water to penetrate through
pollution:see contamination
precipitation:stage of the water cycle when water vapor molecules become too large and heavy to remain in the atmosphere and fall to the ground in the form of rain, snow, sleet, hail, etc.
quality:to be at a high degree of excellence; something that is good or well done
recharge:to increase the amount of groundwater through precipitation or surface water that absorbs into the aquifer, also called infiltration
recycle:to produce a new item from an old item; to reuse parts of
runoff:water that does not become absorbed by the earth but flows across the surface of the land into a stream or lake
saturation zone:the area where water fills the spaces between soil, sand and rock underground
seepage:to leak from
septic system:underground pipes and tanks that store and dispose of human waste
storage tank:container that stores potentially hazardous chemicals above or below ground
water cycle:the never-ending movement of water through the atmosphere, ground and back again; also called the hydrologic cycle
water table:the top of the saturation zone
well:a hole or shaft drilled into the earth to pump water to the surface
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Classroom language - Essential phrases
The language spoken in the lessons is English. These are the most important phrases you should know, understand, or be able to use.
The Magic Words
Excuse me. / Appreciate. / Pardon? / No, thank you.Thank you. / You're welcome. / Please. / I'm sorry.
Must Know Vocabulary
Verb / Adjective / Noun / AdverbPreposition / Pronoun
Comma / Semicolon / Colon / Quotations
Apostrophe / Hyphen / Question mark / Dash
Greetings/Small Talk
Good morning everybody. / Good afternoon everyone. / See you tomorrow/ Friday/next week.How are you today? / Fine. / Not too bad.
What's up? / Not much. / Have a nice/good day!
Now, let's start today's lesson. / Now, let's begin today's lesson. / Today we will be going to (blah, blah, blah).
General Clarity English Questions
I don't understand. / How do you say "blah, blah, blah" in English? / What do you call "blah, blah, blah" in English?Are you saying "blah blah blah"? / Can you say that again, please? / What does "blah, blah, blah" mean?
Could you explain it once more, please? / What is the meaning of "blah, blah blah"? / What does it mean?
Would you repeat that? / Can you speak more slowly? / Can you speak more loudly?
Opposite meaning. / What is the opposite meaning of " hot"? / Would you read the last sentence a little more slowly?
"Cold" is the opposite meaning of "hot". / Would you mind speaking louder? / What page?
It means the same thing. / What is another meaning for "big"? / "Large" is another meaning for "big".
Teacher to Student Classroom English
What's the problem? / Ready? Are you ready? / Excellent.Here we go. / That's correct.
Could you speak louder, please? I can't hear you. / Let's go/start. / That's right.
Now let's go/move on to... / One more time. / Perfect.
Please pronounce each word. / Listen carefully. / Looks good.
Student to Teacher Classroom English
Can I come to your office? / How should I pronounce "blah, blah, blah"? / How do you pronounce this word?Would you pronounce the word "blah, blah, blah"? / How do you spell "blah, blah, blah"? / What does USA stand for?
Would you give us an example? / How do you spell that? / Could you explain a little bit more about that?
What do you mean? / What is the difference between "a" and "b"? / I didn't understand today's lesson.
I don't understand the homework. / Just a minute/second/sec. / When is the homework due?
Excuse me, can I talk to you for a minute? / I'm sorry I am late. / Can I go to the restroom?
Can I change seats?
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VOCABULARY FROM THE BOOK
Water BOILS.. / FREEZES / EVAPORATES /
To drink /use … LITRES OF WATER
Temperatures GO UP / INCREASE / RISE / GO DOWN / DECREASE / DROP /FALL /
REMAIN STAEDY- CONSTANT
To JUMP OUT OF the SEA
TO BE DANGEROUS TO other animals
To VISIT temples / relatives
There are RACES and COMPETITIONS
To compete (v.) ( competition n. / copetitor n. / competitive adj.)
A PARADE
To TAKE PLACE ( To happen)
To WEAR TRADITIONAL CLOTHES
Animals LOOK FOR food
To LIVE IN water / Atlantic Ocean
To go ON A TRIP / To see whales ON TRIPS
The PERCENTAGE OF students
To BOIL AT a temperature OF..
To HAVE a LENGTH / HEIGHT / WEIGHT OF….
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LANGUAGE REVIEW
TALKING ABOUT A FESTIVAL
…. Festival TAKES PLACE IN / ON …. (DATE) IN …. (PLACE)
The festival is organized in order to ….
IT starts with a parade……
People wear traditional clothes and cook traditional food.
There are races / shows / competitions /concerts….
Many people watch the races…
…. have fun….
WHIRLING DERVISHES FESTIVAL
The Experience
The Whirling Dervishes Festival is one of the world's most intriguing sights, a mesmerizing spectacle of twirling delight. Become entranced at the origins of the Whirling Dervishes in Konya, Turkey, home to Mevlana Jelaleddin Rumi, a revered 13th-century scholar. Rumi preached of love, tolerance, and forgiveness, and as a way of connecting with God would whirl in the city streets in joy. Every December on the anniversary of Rumi’s death known as Seb-i Aruz, thousands of pilgrims flood Konya to witness the ritualized whirling at his Mausoleum.
The ceremony known as Sema, takes place in the evening through an intricate tradition of mystical dances. It is divided into seven parts and includes four distinct musical movements, or selams. The eerie sounds floating from the reed flute provide an almost haunting musical accompaniment. Though not whirling yourself, simply watching the unrelenting dervishes detaches you from yourself and the physical world, precisely the purpose of the ritual. Although some significance may be lost on many who get a chance to take in this experience, the mesmerizing music, nimble feet in perfect step, and reverent expressions promise to evoke a great new sense of appreciation.
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Whirling Dervishes Festival
Mevlana Festival
When: 10th - 17th December 2010
Where: Konya, Turkey
The festival of the Whirling Dervishes commemorates the death anniversary of the 13th century Sufi saint Mevlana or Rumi as he was known. Rumi believed that communication with God was possible through dance and so was born the dance of the whirling dervishes with their swirling white flowing robes and black cloaks and conical headgear. It is a treat to watch them perform and go into trance like dance where the energy flow is truly palpable.
The Mevlana festival normally starts on 10 December and reaches its crescendo on 17 December when it ends on a spectacular note as on this day Mevlana's union with Allah is celebrated. Over one million people descend on the conservative town of Konya to take part in the festival. Be sure you make your bookings well in advance for both the festival as well as your accommodation.
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