PHOTOSYNTHESIS
Overview
Multiple Choice
__ 1. From the above picture, “a” represents:
a) oxygen
b) NADH
c) FADH2
d) water
e) ATP
f) ADP & Pi
g) sugar
h) CO2
i) NAD
__ 2. From the above picture, “b” represents:
a) oxygen
b) NADH
c) FADH2
d) water
e) ATP
f) ADP & Pi
g) sugar
h) CO2
i) NAD
__ 3. From the above picture, “c” represents:
a) oxygen
b) NADH
c) FADH2
d) water
e) ATP
f) ADP & Pi
g) sugar
h) CO2
i) NAD
__ 4. From the above picture, “d” represents:
a) oxygen
b) NADH
c) FADH2
d) water
e) ATP
f) ADP & Pi
g) sugar
h) CO2
i) NAD
__ 5. From the above picture, “g” and “h” represents:
a) oxygen and water
b) NADH and NAD
c) FADH and water
d) ATP and NAD
e) ADP & Pi
f) sugar and CO2
__ 6. The process that occurs inside some types of living cells by which the energy from sunlight is trapped and converted into carbohydrate molecules is called
a) photosystem II
b) photosystem I
c) light dependent reaction
d) photosynthesis
e) Calvin cycle
__ 7. On a global scale, which one(s) of the following are products of photosynthesis and required for the lives of all aerobically respiring organisms? 1.water, 2. carbon dioxide 3. oxygen, 4. carbohydrates
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 and 4
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
__ 8. Of the following, which two represent the primary functions of photosynthesis? 1. to convert chemical forms of energy into photons of light; 2. to convert chemical forms of energy (ATP and NADH) and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates (e.g., glucose); 3. to convert sunlight into chemical forms of nergy (ATP and NADH); 4. to convert carbohydrates into chemical forms of energy (ATP and NADH).
a) 1 and 4
b) 2 and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 1 and 2
e) 3 and 4
__ 9. In what cell organelle does photosynthesis occur (both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions)?
a) mitochondria
b) rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d) Golgi bodies
e) chloroplast
True - False
Short Answer
Essay
Light-dependent reactions
Multiple Choice
__ 10. The pigments excited by sunlight that splits water into oxygen, protons, and electrons are located in
a) photosystem I
b) the thylakoid compartment
c) the stroma
d) the membrane that forms the thylakoid disk
e) photosystem II
__ 11. The first (most direct) work performed by the high-energy electron emitted by photosystem II in plants is to
a) transfer protons from the outside to the inside of the thylakoid membrane
b) produce NADPH
c) to drive the Calvin cycle
d) form sugar phosphates
e) make new chlorophyll
__ 12. The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the
a) stroma
b) inner thylakoid compartment
c) thylakoid membranes
d) space between the inner and outer membrane
e) outer membrane
__ 13. The function of the light dependent reactions that occur in photosynthesis is to convert sunlight into chemical form(s) of energy. From the following choices, what is (are) this (these) chemical forms of energy? 1. carbon dioxide; 2. adenosine triphosphate; 3. glucose-phosphate; 4. NADPH; 5. acetyl-CoA.
a) 2
b) 2 and 5
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) 2 and 4
e) all of the choices
__ 14. ___________ and ___________ are products of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis that are used as chemical forms of energy to drive the energy requiring light independent reactions.
a) oxygen and ATP
b) NADPH and ATP
c) PEP and NADPH
d) sugar phosphates and inorganic phosphates
e) photosystem I and photosystem II
True - False
Short Answer
Essay
Light-independent reactions
Multiple Choice
__ 15. In photosynthesis, the chemical energy formed by the light-dependent reactions is used to drive the light-independent reactions. The name of the pathway used for the light independent pathway is
a) Kreb’s cycle
b) TCA cycle
c) photosystem I and II
d) Harley-Davidson cycle
e) Calvin cycle
__ 16. The carbons in the carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis originate as (are taken up by the plant cells as)
a) glucose phosphate
b) carbon dioxide
c) ATP
d) NADPH
e) starch
__ 17. Where do the light-independent reactions occur inside plant tissue.
a) inside photosynthetic cells but outside the chloroplast
b) inside the thylakoid disk (thylakoid compartment)
c) in the stroma outside the thylakoid disks
d) just outside the chloroplast outer membrane
e) within the hydrophobic region of the thylakoid membrane
True - False
Short Answer
Essay
C3 – C4 photosynthesis
Multiple Choice
True - False
Short Answer
Essay
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__ 18. The process that occurs inside some types of living cells by which the energy from sunlight is trapped and converted into carbohydrate molecules is called
a) photosystem II
b) photosystem I
c) light dependent reaction
d) photosynthesis
e) Calvin cycle
__ 19. On a global scale, which one(s) of the following are products of photosynthesis and required for the lives of all aerobically respiring organisms? 1.water, 2. carbon dioxide 3. oxygen, 4. glucose and other polysaccharides
a) 1 and 2
b) 2 and 3
c) 3 and 4
d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
__ 20. Of the following, which two represent the primary functions of photosynthesis? 1. to convert chemical forms of energy into photons of light; 2. to convert chemical forms of energy (ATP and NADH) and carbon dioxide into carbohydrates (e.g., glucose); 3. to convert sunlight into chemical forms of nergy (ATP and NADH); 4. to convert carbohydrates into chemical forms of energy (ATP and NADH).
a) 1 and 4
b) 2 and 3
c) 2 and 4
d) 1 and 2
e) 3 and 4
__ 21. In what cell organelle does photosynthesis occur (both the light-dependent and light-independent reactions?
a) mitochondria
b) rough endoplasmic reticulum
c) smooth endoplasmic reticulum
d) Golgi bodies
e) chloroplast
__ 22. The pigments excited by sunlight that splits water into oxygen and hydrogensare located in
a) photosystem I
b) the thylakoid compartment
c) the stroma
d) the membrane that forms the thylakoid disk
e) the outer membrane surounding the chloroplast
__ 23. The first (most direct) work performed by the high-energy electron emitted by photosystem II in plants is to
a) transfer protons from the outside to the inside of the thylakoid membrane
b) produce NADPH
c) to drive the Calvin cycle
d) form sugar phosphates
e) make new chlorophyll
__ 24. The light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis take place in the
a) stroma
b) inner thylakoid compartment
c) thylakoid membranes
d) space between the inner and outer membrane
e) outer membrane
__ 25. The function of the light dependent reactions that occur in photosynthesis is to convert sunlight into chemical form(s) of energy. From the following choices, what is (are) this (these) chemical forms of energy? 1. carbon dioxide; 2. adenosine triphosphate; 3. glucose-phosphate; 4. NADPH; 5. acetyl-CoA.
a) 2
b) 2 and 5
c) 1, 2, 3 and 4
d) 2 and 4
e) all of these
__ 26. Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interiors of the thylakoids are no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
a) the synthesis of ATP
b) the reduction of NADP
c) the splitting of water
d) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
e) the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
__ 27. ___________ and ___________ are products of the light dependent reactions of photosynthesis that are used as chemical forms of energy to drive the energy requiring light independent reactions.
a) oxygen and ATP
b) NADPH and ATP
c) PEP and NADPH
d) sugar phosphates and inorganic phosphates
e) photosystem I and photosystem II
__ 28. In photosynthesis, the chemical energy formed by the light-dependent reactions is used to drive the light-independent reactions. The name of the pathway used for the light independent pathway is
a) Kreb’s cycle
b) TCA cycle
c) photosystem I and II
d) Harley-Davidson
e) Calvin cycle
__ 29. Proton gradient for the synthesis of ATP.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 30. Chloroplasts can make carbohydrate in the dark if provided with:
a) ATP.
b) NADPH.
c) CO2.
d) Only ATP and CO2 are correct.
e) ATP, NADPH and CO2 are correct.
__ 31. Where do the light-independent reactions occur inside plant tissue.
a) inside photosynthetic cells but outside the chloroplast
b) inside the thylakoid disk (thylakoid compartment)
c) in the stroma outside the thylakoid disks
d) just outside the chloroplast outer membrane
e) within the hydrophobic region of the thylakoid membrane
__ 32. The carbons in the carbohydrates produced during photosynthesis originate as (are taken up by the plant cells as)
a) glucose phosphate
b) carbon dioxide
c) ATP
d) NADPH
e) starch
__ 33. Reduction of NADP+.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 34. Reduction of CO2.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 35. Oxidation of water.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 36. Electron flow along an electron transport chain.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 37. Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis is FALSE?
a) The splitting of water molecules provides a source of electrons.
b) Chlorophyll (and other pigments) absorb light energy which excites electrons.
c) An electron transport chain is used to create a proton gradient.
d) A proton gradient is used to reduce NADP and assemble ATP.
__ 38. The primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is
a) to produce energy rich glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
b) to produce energy rich ATP and NADPH.
c) to produce NADPH used in respiration.
d) to convert light energy to the chemical energy of PGAL.
e) to use ATP to make glucose.
__ 39. You have just discovered a new flower species that has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?
a) red and yellow
b) blue and violet
c) green and yellow
d) blue, green, and red
e) green, blue, and violet
__ 40. All of the following compounds are required (i.e., are necessary constituents for chemical reactions) at some stage of green plant photosynthesis, EXCEPT
a) ATP.
b) NADP.
c) water.
d) oxygen.
e) carbon dioxide.
__ 41. What do only plants produce that humans must have for their survival?
a) carbon dioxide
b) carbohydrates
c) proteins
d) saturated fats
e) oxygen
Photo -- more
__ 42. Plants that fix CO2 into organic acids at night when the stoma are open and carry out the Calvin cycle during the day when the stoma are closed are called:
a) C3 plants
b) C4 plants
c) CAM plants
d) C3 plants and C4 plants only.
e) C3 plants, C4 plants, and CAM plants.
__ 43. Photorespiration lowers the efficiency of photosynthesis by removing which of the following from the Calvin cycle?
a) carbon dioxide molecules
b) phosphoglyceraldehyde phosphate molecules
c) ATP molecules
d) ribulose bisphosphate molecules
e) RuBP carboxylase molecules
__ 44. Chloroplasts can make carbohydrate in the dark if provided with:
a) ATP.
b) NADPH.
c) CO2.
d) Only ATP and CO2 are correct.
e) ATP, NADPH and CO2 are correct.
__ 45. Chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 46. Reduction of CO2.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 47. Reduction of NADP+.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 48. Oxidation of water.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 49. Electron flow along a cytochrome chain.
a) respiration only
b) photosynthesis only
c) both respiration and photosynthesis
d) neither respiration nor photosynthesis
__ 50. Assume a thylakoid is somehow punctured so that the interiors of the thylakoids are no longer separated from the stroma. This damage will have the most direct effect on which of the following processes?
a) the splitting of water
b) the absorption of light energy by chlorophyll
c) the flow of electrons from photosystem II to photosystem I
d) the synthesis of ATP
e) the reduction of NADP
__ 51. Why are C4 plants able to photosynthesize with no apparent photorespiration?
a) They do not carry out the Calvin cycle.
b) They use a more efficient enzyme to initially fix CO2.
c) They are adapted to cold, wet climates.
d) They conserve water more efficiently.
e) They do not use the Calvin cycle.
__ 52. Which of the following statements about the light reactions of photosynthesis is FALSE?
a) The splitting of water molecules provides a source of electrons.
b) Chlorophyll (and other pigments) absorb light energy which excites electrons.
c) An electron transport chain is used to create a proton gradient.
d) A proton gradient is used to reduce NADP and assemble ATP.
e) Some electrons are recycled and some are not.
__ 53. Which of the following are products of the Calvin cycle and are utilized in the light reactions of photosynthesis? (1) CO2 and glucose; (2) H2O and O2; (3) ADP, Pi, and NADP+; (4) Electrons and H+
a) 1
b) 2
c) 3
d) 4
e) Both 3 and 4 are correct.
__ 54. The primary function of the light reactions of photosynthesis is
a) to produce energy rich glucose from carbon dioxide and water.
b) to produce energy rich ATP and NADPH.
c) to produce NADPH used in respiration.
d) to convert light energy to the chemical energy of PGAL.
e) to use ATP to make glucose.
__ 55. The reactions of the Calvin cycle require all of the following molecules EXCEPT
a) CO2.
b) ATP.
c) RuBP.
d) glucose.
e) NADPH+.
__ 56. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT
a) Thylakoid membranes contain the photosynthetic pigments.
b) The O2 released during photosynthesis comes from water.
c) PGAL is produced only in the light reactions of photosynthesis.
d) The light reactions of photosynthesis provide the energy for the Calvin cycle.
e) When chlorophyll is reduced, it gains electrons.
__ 57. You have just discovered a new flower species that has a unique photosynthetic pigment. The leaves of this plant appear to be reddish yellow. What wavelengths of visible light are not being absorbed by this pigment?
a) red and yellow
b) blue and violet
c) green and yellow
d) blue, green, and red
e) green, blue, and violet
__ 58. All of the events listed below occur in the energy-capturing "light-reactions" of photosynthesis EXCEPT
a) Oxygen is produced.
b) NADP is reduced to NADPH+.
c) Carbon dioxide is incorporated into PGA.
d) ADP is phosphorylated to yield ATP.
e) Light is absorbed.
__ 59. The chemiosomotic process in chloroplasts involves the
a) establishment of a proton gradient.
b) diffusion of electrons through the thylakiod membrane.
c) oxidation of water to produce ATP energy.
d) movement of water by osmosis into the thylakoid space from the stroma.
e) reduction of carbon dioxide to glucose by NADPH and ATP.
__ 60. Which of the following enzymes is probably the most abundant protein in the world?
a) PEP carboxylase
b) hexokinase
c) RuBP carboxylase