FWS Grammar: Hypens & Dashes Name ______

AIM: ______

Do Now: Compare A + B A) Tebow resigned last week. B) Tebow re-signed week.

______

Hyphens: “Hold weddings for words” (create with 1 keyboard stroke)

1. Use a hyphen (-): to join two or more words serving as a single adjective before a noun: one-way street, chocolate-covered peanuts, well-known author, ______

2. With compound numbers and ages: forty-six, sixty-three, ______student

3. To avoid confusion or an awkward combination of letters:

re-sign vs. resign / little-used car vs. little used car / i.e.
Semi-independent semiindependent / shell-like vs. shelllike / i.e.


4. With prefixes like ex- (meaning former), self-, all-, pseudo-, quasi-, neo; with suffixes like -elect;

between a prefix and a capitalized word; and with figures or letters:

ex-wife + / self-assured + / anti-American +
Mid-May + / all-inclusive + / T-shirt +
pre-Civil War +

5. For “makers”: RULE: if the prefix is of one or two syllables, attach it without a hyphen to form a single word, but if the prefix is of three or more syllables, introduce a hyphen.*

car + maker = / trouble + maker= / i.e.
holiday + maker= / *Note exceptions (i.e. policymaker) / i.e.

6. For combination color terms (you can always double-check using the dictionary):

i.e.: the orange-red shirt, gray-blue eyes, blue-eyed, rose-colored ______And colors you construct: (i.e. nut-brown, grass-green, tomato-red, ______

Dashes: “Divorce words” (2 keyboard strokes since “it takes more work to separate people”)

"A dash is a mark of separation stronger than a comma, less formal than a colon, and more relaxed than parentheses." (William Strunk, Jr, and E.B. White, The Elements of Style)

1) Dashes Used to Set Off Words or Phrases After an Independent Clause
"By trying, we can easily learn to endure adversity—another man's, I mean." (Mark Twain)

2) Dashes Used to Set Off Words or Phrases That Interrupt a Sentence

"Copper Lincoln cents—pale zinc-coated steel for a year in the war—figure in my earliest impressions of money." (John Updike, "A Sense of Change." The New Yorker, Apr. 26, 1999) (Here, the dashes = ______)

Test whether the following sentences require hyphens, dashes, or a different punctuation.

A) He created an easy to use guide for a wide variety of users even for technophobes like me!

B) Dashes can also be used as here in pairs.

C) Freshmen usually enter high school as bright eyed fourteen year olds.

D) June, July, August, these months often wipe out the memory cards in students’ brains.

E) Julius Caesar's last spoken words according to Shakespeare were "Et tu, Brute?"

Summary: ______

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