1010C Evolution & Diversity Section Three Exam
1. Eukaryotes are organisms that:
A. All have their primary genome contained within a membrane-bound nucleus
B. Are all heterotropohic
C. Are always multicellular
D. Are all visible with the ‘naked’ eye.
E. All of the above are correct
2. Protists (according to my working definition given in lecture):
A. Are a monophyletic ‘kingdom’ of life
B. Are primarily unicellular (though sometimes colonial) eukaryotes
C. Do not have a nucleus
D. Do not have membrane-bounded organelles
E. All of the above are correct
3. Dinoflagellates:
A. Can sometimes cause “red tides”
B. Have four flagella
C. Are never bioluminescentl
D. Do not have a nucleus
E. None of the above are correct
4. The microscopic food that supports the base of the ocean's vast food webs is:
A. Pytoplankton
B. Coral
C. Jellyfish
D. Organic compounds released by thermal vents in the ocean floor
E. Only composed of Archaea and Bacteria
5. Silica walls are characteristic of:
A. Euglenoids
B. Red algae
C. Brown algae
D. Diatoms
E. Slime molds
6. Green algae and plants:
A. Both have Chlorophyll a and b
B. Use starch as a storage carbohydrate
C. Have cell walls containing cellulose
D. Carry out photosynthesis
E. All of the above are correct
7. The engulfment of food particles by a cell is:
A. Phagocytosis
B. Chemotaxis
C. Organotaxis
D. Pseudopodia
E. Cytokinesis
8. Protozoa may move by:
A. Flagella
B. Pseudopodia
C. Cilia
D. None of the above are correct
E. All of the above are correct
9. The malaria protist, Plasmodium, is transmitted by:
A. The bite of a mosquito
B. The bite of a bat
C. The bite of a dog
D. The bite of a kissing bug
E. Ingesting contaminated food or water
10. Ciliates use which structures to aid in locomotion and eating?
A. Flagella
B. Pseudopodia
C. Pili
D. Cilia
E. Axial filaments
11. Plants are important to animal life in that they provide:
A. Food
B. Habitat
C. Oxygen
D. All of the above are correct
E. None of the above are correct
12. Which of the following is not a characteristic of essentially all plants?
A. They are multicellular organisms
B. They are autotrophic photosynthesizers (most all of them)
C. They need to live in water
D. They are eukaryotes
E. They have an alternation of generations
13. The organelle that contains chlorophyll a and carries out photosynthesis in plants is the:
A. Mitochondria
B. Chloroplast
C. Central vacuole
D. Cell membrane
E. Golgi body
14. In more complex plants:
A. The gametophyte is smaller than the sporophyte
B. The gametophyte is larger than the sporophyte
C. The sporophyte consists of just one or a very few cells
D. The gametophyte consists of many, many cells, making the bulk of the organism
E. The gametophyte is diploid
15. In all plants:
A. The haploid zygote develops into the sporophyte
B. The haploid gametophyte develops into the sporophyte
C. The diploid zygote develops into the sporophyte
D. The diploid zygote develops into the gametophyte
E. The haploid gametophyte produces gametes by meiosis
16. Adaptations that allow plants to inhabit terrestrial environments include:
A. Leaves that capture solar energy
B. Vascular tissue for support and transport
C. Lignin plus cellulose in their cell walls
D. A waxy cuticle
E. All of the above are correct
17. The main groups of land plants (the Embryophytes) are the:
A. Bryophytes
B. Seedless vascular plants
C. Gymnosperms
D. Angiosperms
E. All of the above are correct
18. ‘Primitive’ seedless vascular plants include:
A. True ferns
B. Club mosses
C. Horsetails
D. Whisk ferns
E. All of the above are correct
19. A plant embryo (young sporophyte) packaged with a food supply in a tough outer coat is a:
A. Gemmae
B. Pollen grain
C. Seed
D. Sperm
E. Fruit
20. Which of the following is not a member of the gymnosperms?
A. Conifers
B. Gnetophytes
C. Cycads
D. Ginkgos
E. Ferns
21. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the conifers?
A. Needlelike leaves
B. Cones
C. Flowers
D. Scale-like leaves
E. Most are referred to as "evergreens"
22. Conifers produce:
A. Only seeds in cones
B. Only pollen in cones
C. Only flowers
D. Both seeds and pollen in cones
E. Pollen in flowers and seeds in cones
23. The two phylogenetic groups that make up the angiosperms are:
A. Mosses and club mosses
B. Ginkgos and cycads
C. Monocotyledons and dicotyledons
D. Horsetails and ferns
E. Conifers and gnetophytes
24. Flowers and fruits are unique to:
A. Bryophytes
B. Angiosperms
C. Gymnosperms
D. Conifers
E. Cycads
25. In the ecosystems of the world fungi act primarily as:
A. Decomposers
B. Producers
C. Primary consumers
D. Secondary consumers
E. None of the above are correct
26. Yeasts are:
A. Multi-celled autotrophs
B. Single-celled autotrophs
C. Multi-celled heterotrophs
D. Single-celled heterotrophs
E. None of the above are correct
27. Fungi and animals are similar in that they both:
A. Carry out photosynthesis
B. Have cell walls made of cellulose
C. Use starch as their main storage carbohydrate
D. Are autotrophs
E. Are heterotrophs
28. The individual microscopic filaments that make up most of a multicellular fungus are:
A. Spores
B. Hyphae
C. Fruiting bodies
D. Gills
E. Conidia
29. Microscopic reproductive cells produced by most fungi are:
A. Spores
B. Hyphae
C. Fruiting bodies
D. Mycelium
E. Gills
30. In fungi a mass of aggregated hyphae that form visible strands is called a:
A. Conidia
B. Gill
C. Spore
D. Mycelium
E. Ascus
31. The largest group of fungi, which includes yeasts and penicillin mold, truffles and morels, and all produce sexual spores in characteristic sacs (ascos) are:
A. Ascomycetes
B. Deuteromycetes
C. Basidiomycetes
D. Zygomycetes
E. Chytridiomycetes
32. Fungi that include all the mushrooms, and release sexual spores from club-shaped structures (basidia) are:
A. Ascomycetes
B. Deuteromycetes
C. Basidiomycetes
D. Zygomycetes
E. Chytridiomycetes
33. Fungi that make a thick-walled diploid zygospore (from Greek zygon for yoke) from the union of two hypahe are:
A. Ascomycetes
B. Deuteromycetes
C. Basidiomycetes
D. Zygomycetes
E. Chytridiomycetes
34. Ascomycetes aid in the production of:
A. Penicillin
B. Cyclosporine
C. Bread and cheese
D. Beer and wine
E. All of the above are correct
35. Associations of fungi and plant roots are called:
A. Rhizoids
B. Micorrhizae
C. Lichens
D. Root forks
E. Gnetophytes
36. Leaf-cutter ants of South America and their fungal gardens are an example of:
A. Parasitism
B. Predation
C. Mutualism
D. Interspecific competition
E. Commensalism
37. A dual organism that forms when a fungus harbors green algae is a:
A. Lichen
B. Gnetophyte
C. Micorrhizae
D. Cyanobacteria
E. Club moss
38. If an animal is an invertebrate, this means that the animal:
A. Has a backbone
B. Has a complete digestive tract
C. Does not have a backbone
D. Does not have a complete digestive tract
E. Does not have true tissues
39. Which of the following characteristics do all true animals share?
A. They are multicellular eukaryotes
B. They are autotrophs
C. They do not have a nucleus
D. Their ‘sister’ phylogenetic clade is the Bacteria
E. They all have true tissues
40. The type of body symmetry in which any plane passing through the body from the mouth to the opposite end divides the body into mirror images is:
A. Radial symmetry
B. Longitudinal symmetry
C. Mirrored symmetry
D. Bilateral symmetry
E. Asymmetrical
41. Sponges lack true tissues and filter feed through pores in their body; they belong to the phylum:
A. Cnidaria
B. Porifera
C. Platyhelminthes
D. Nematoda
E. Annelida
42. Corals and jellyfish have stinging cells called cnidocytes, and belong to the phylum:
A. Cnidaria
B. Porifera
C. Platyhelminthes
D. Nematoda
E. Annelida
43. Flukes, tapeworms and Planaria are also called flatworms; they belong to the phylum:
A. Cnidaria
B. Porifera
C. Platyhelminthes
D. Nematoda
E. Annelida
44. Snails, oysters, clams, octopi and squids belong to the phylum:
A. Cnidaria
B. Porifera
C. Platyhelminthes
D. Mollusca
E. Annelida
45. Leeches and earthworms, the segmented worms, all belong to the phylum:
A. Porifera
B. Mollusca
C. Nematoda
D. Platyhelminthes
E. Annelida
46. Caenorhabditis elegans, Pinworms, and hookworms, the roundworms, all belong to the phylum:
A. Annelida
B. Nematoda
C. Platyhelminthes
D. Porifera
E. Cnidaria
47. The largest phylum of animals, of which insects, crustaceans, spiders, and scorpions belong to, is the phylum:
A. Cnidaria
B. Arthropoda
C. Echinodermata
D. Annelida
E. Mollusca
48. Star ‘fish,’ sea cucumbers and sea urchins belong to the sister phylum of Chordates; this ‘spiny’ phylum is:
A. Cnidaria
B. Echinodermata
C. Arthropoda
D. Nematoda
E. Mollusca
49. Animals that have a backbone are referred to as:
A. Arthropods
B. Vertebrates
C. Echinoderms
D. Invertebrates
E. Chelicerates
50. Which of the following is a characteristic of the phylum Chordata?
A. They do not have true tissues
B. They have a notochord at some point in their development
C. They have a gastrula with only two germ layers
D. They have radial symmetry
E. They have a pseudocoelom
51. The sea squirt is in a group of animals that is the closest to all the rest of the chordates; it is a(n):
A. Fish
B. Mammal
C. Amphibian
D. Tunicate
E. Lancelet
52. Amphioxus, a Cephalochordate, and the closest relative of the vertebrates, is an example of a(n):
A. Tunicate
B. Lancelet
C. Hagfish
D. Amphibian
E. Reptile
53. Which of the following is not an example of an amphibian?
A. Frog
B. Newt
C. Turtle
D. Salamander
E. Caecilian
54. An animal that maintains their body temperature by using heat generated from their own metabolism is a(n):
A. Ectotherm
B. Thermophile
C. Mesophile
D. Amniote
E. Endotherm
55. Which of the following is not a cartilaginous fish, that is, within the group Chondrichthyes?
A. Tuna
B. Sharks
C. Rays
D. Skates
E. Lampreys
56. Which of the following is not a ray-finned fish, that is, within the group Actinopterygii?
A. Salmon
B. Trout
C. Lungfish
D. Catfish
E. Eels
57. The first four legged terrestrial vertebrates were:
A. Reptiles
B. Tortoises
C. Monotremes
D. Amphibians
E. Marsupials
58. Which of the following is not a reptile?
A. Tuatara
B. Frog
C. Tortoise
D. Gavial
E. Snake
59. Which of the following is not a characteristic of the living reptiles?
A. They have a bony skeleton
B. They have a cranium
C. They have scaly body coverings
D. They are endotherms
E. They do not have an amnion
60. Birds like ostriches and emus that are flightless are classified as:
A. Chelicerates
B. Carinates
C. Ratites
D. Mandibulates
E. Monotremes
61. Birds, phylogenetically speaking, are actually a type of:
A. Ectotherm
B. Dinosaur
C. Squamata
D. Synapsid
E. Anapsid
62. Which of the following is not an example of a mammal?
A. Dolphin
B. Platypus
C. Kangaroo
D. Penguin
E. Whale
63. Mammals that lay eggs are:
A. Marsupials
B. Monotremes
C. Placentals
D. Birds
E. Dinosaurs
64. Mammals that nurse their immature young in external pouches on the female’s body are:
A. Marsupials
B. Monotremes
C. Diapsids
D. Echidnas
E. Eutherians
65. Which of the following is not a characteristic of mammals?
A. They are endothermic
B. They have a two-chambered heart
C. They have lungs
D. They have an amnion
E. They have a skeletal system composed of bone
66. In most Eutherian phylogenies the most basal clade is the Edentata and Pholidota; which animal doesn’t belong?
A. The giant anteater
B. The sloth
C. The pangolin
D. The aardvark
E. All of the above are correct
67. Artiodactyls (the even-toed hoofed mammals) closest extant relatives are:
A. All extinct
B. The Cetacea (the whales, porpoises, and dolphins)
C. The Perrissodactyla (the odd-toed mammals)
D. The Hyracoidea (the hyraxes)
E. The Proboscidea (the elephants)
68. Viruses in general:
A. Infect animal cells only
B. Infect every type of cellular organism on earth
C. Are not at all specific — pretty much any virus will attack pretty much any host
D. Cannot infect living cells
E. Exist in extremely limited habitats
69. A virus may contain which of the following?
A. DNA
B. RNA
C. A protein coat layer
D. A host cell membrane envelope
E. All of the above are correct
70. A capsid is:
A. A protein coat of a virus
B. A lipid coat of a virus
C. A viral DNA molecule
D. A viral RNA molecule
E. The area in the virus where its genetic information is located
71. A viral infection where a virus enters a host cell, immediately replicates, and then causes the host cell to burst is:
A. A latent infection
B. A transgenic infection
C. A lytic infection
D. A lysogenic infection
E. A systematic infection
72. HIV:
A. Belongs to a group of viruses called retroviruses
B. Can cause a latent infection
C. Is an RNA virus
D. Infects helper T-cells
E. All of the above are correct
73. By far our most potent weapon in the fight against viruses is:
A. Antibiotics
B. Sulfa drugs
C. Vaccinations
D. Tamiflu
E. Gene therapy
74. What did you fill in on the side of the computerized answer sheet?
A. My name (last name first), the course and section number, and the date
B. Nothing!
C. Something illegible!
D. Only my name!
E. None of the above are correct.
75. What did you fill in on the very end of the computerized answer sheet:
A. My VSU student ID, printed and bubbled in
B. Nothing!
C. The wrong VSU student ID!
D. Only the printed number, no bubbles!
E. None of the above are correct
1
Evolution & Diversity Section Three Exam Key
1. The members of the kingdom Protista display a great variety in:
A. Size
B. Nutrition
C. Locomotion
D. Reproduction
E. All of the above are correct
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #4
Question Type: Comprehension
2. Protista:
A. Are prokaryotes
B. Are eukaryotes
C. Do not have a nucleus
D. Do not have membrane-bounded organelles
E. Only A, C and D are correct
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #5
Question Type: Comprehension
3. Dinoflagellates:
A. Are "Whirling cells"
B. Have a single posterior flagellum
C. Have two flagella
D. Both A and B are correct
E. Both A and C are correct
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #9
Question Type: Knowledge
4. The microscopic food that supports the ocean's vast food webs is:
A. Plankton
B. Coral
C. Jellyfish
D. Organic compounds released by thermal vents in the ocean floor
E. Bacteria only
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #10
Question Type: Knowledge
5. Silica walls are characteristic of:
A. Euglenoids
B. Red algae
C. Brown algae
D. Diatoms
E. Slime molds
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #12
Question Type: Knowledge
6. Green algae and plants:
A. Have Chlorophyll a and b
B. Use starch as a storage carbohydrate
C. Have cell walls containing cellulose
D. Carry out photosynthesis
E. All of the above are correct
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #18
Question Type: Comprehension
7. The engulfment of food particles by a cell is:
A. Phagocytosis
B. Chemotaxis
C. Organotaxis
D. Pseudopodia
E. Cytokinesis
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #21
Question Type: Knowledge
8. Protozoa may move by:
A. Flagella
B. Pseudopodia
C. Cilia
D. False feet
E. All of the above are correct
Difficulty Level: Low
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #22
Question Type: Knowledge
9. Malaria is transmitted by:
A. The bite of a mosquito
B. The bite of a tsetse fly
C. The bite of a sand fly
D. The bite of a kissing bug
E. Ingesting food
Difficulty Level: Moderate
Hoefnagels - Chapter 19 #33
Question Type: Knowledge
10. Ciliates use which structures to aid in locomotion and eating?
A. Flagella
B. Pseudopodia
C. Pili
D. Cilia
E. Axial filaments