Chapter 14 The digestive system power point notes

___Digestion ______is the breakdown of ingested food and __absorption______of nutrients in the blood. _Metabolism______is the production of cellular energy __ATP______.

Organs of the alimentary canal / Function of Organs
Mouth / Chewing adding saliva, CHO digestion
Pharynx / Throat, where esophagus and trachea meet
Esophagus / Food shoot, peristalisis occurs
Stomach / Digest proteins
Small Intestine / Abosorption of nutrients
Large intestine / Water is absorbed make vitamin K
Anus / Remove feces

__peristalisis______is the slow rhythmic squeezing of food through the digestive tract.

_Rugae______are folds of the stomach mucosa

The stomach functions in the digestion of _proteins______. The soupy mixture of food in the stomach is called __chyme______. The _small intestine______is the site of nutrient absorption. The 3 divisions of the small intestine are called _duodenum______, jejunum___, and __ileum______. The villi are: _folds in the intestine______

What are three functions of the small intestine?

1.absorb nutrients

2.main digestive site

3.break down lipids

Accessory digestive organs

Accessory Organs / function
Salivary glands / Make saliva
Teeth / chewing
Pancreas / Make pancreatic juice to digest fats
Liver / Make bile
Gall bladder / Store and concentrate bile

Starch digestion begins in the _mouth______when Salivary amylase is added to the food. The wad of food before you swallow it is called a __bolus______. Bile is produced by the _liver______the gall bladder stores _bile_____and then ducts it into the _small intestine______to aid in fat digestion.

The 2 types of digestion are _mechanical______digestion which is mixing food in the mouth by tongue churning__ food in the stomach and _segmentation____ in the small intestine. The second type is _chemical______digestion which is the enzymes______break down of food.

When swallowing food the __epiglottis______blocks the larynx so that food does not go into the windpipe. The _caridioesphogeal___ is the valve or sphincter that opens when food from the esophagus presses on it. Protein digestion begins in the stomach______. The enzyme __pepsin______digest protein and _renine______digests milk. The only absorption the occurs in the stomach is of _alcohol______and __asprin______.

The large intestine produces no _digestive______enzymes. Bacteria in the large intestine produce vitamin ___K______and release _gas______.

The 3 main sources of nutrients are ___CHO______, __Proteins______and ___lipids______.

Vitamins are used as ___catalyst______with enzymes.

BMR stands for ______basal metabolic rate______it is the amount of heat produced by the body at rest.

The __hypothalamus______is the site of the body’s thermostat.

#15

1.  G

2.  E

3.  F

4.  H

5.  C

6.  D

7.  B