CHAPTER 11.2 (Part 2) READING GUIDE: Name: ______

CHAPTER 11.2 (part 2) READING GUIDE: Name: ____________________________

Emotional and Motor Development in Childhood (continued)

(Begin at Patterns of Attachment)

8. Briefly describe the three categories of attachment Mary Ainsworth developed from her strange situation method.

Secure attachment:

Anxious-ambivalent attachment:

Avoidant attachment:

9. How does maternal behavior influence the attachment type? Infant temperament?

10. Summarize the various ways that the development of an internal working model of relationships can influence future interactions. How else might infant-attachment type influence the older child and adult?

CHAPTER 11.3 (part 1) READING GUIDE : Personality and Cognitive Development in Childhood

1. In terms of personality development, what did Erikson have in common with Freud? How did he differ?

2. What are Erikson’s psychosocial crises? What do they entail? How did he view the crises that lend their name to each stage of development?

3. Summarize the characteristics of each of the first four stages in Erikson’s stage theory: Trust vs. Mistrust:

Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt:

Initiative vs. Guilt:

Industry vs. Inferiority:

4. What is the general strength of Erikson’s theory? What are two criticisms of it?

5. Summarize the main components of Piaget’s sensorimotor theory, including the role of object permanence.

6. What does Piaget emphasize in the preoperational period? How does conservation relate to this and how do centration and irreversibility relate to conservation?

7. Summarize the main components of Piaget’s concrete operational period, including and especially how it relates to the preoperational period. Also, briefly discuss hierarchical classification.