Biology Chapter 7: Study Guide

Biology Chapter 7: Homework

Hmwrk 7-1

1. Who is Robert Hooke? What is the term he used to describe what he saw?

2. Write the three fundamental concepts of the Cell Theory?

3. Why is a nucleus important?

4. Define prokaryotes and eukaryotes in terms of their differences.

Hmwrk 7-2

1. Draw the structure of the nucleus. Label it and define the structures.

2. What is the cytoskeleton? Define the structures that make it up.

3. Define Endoplasmic Reticulum. What is the difference between the rough and smooth ER?

4. What organelles help plant and animal cells get their energy?

5. Why do some organelles have DNA? Why isn’t this DNA in the nucleus?

Hmwrk 7-3

1. What is a lipid bilayer, where is it and what is its importance?

2. What are the differences between cell membranes and cell walls?

3. What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis? Define each term.

4. Define isotonic, hypotonic and hypertonic solutions.

5. What is facilitated transport? Does it require energy?

6. What is active transport? Define endocytosis, phagocytosis and exocytosis in your own words.

Hmwrk 7-4

1. What are the differences between unicellular organisms and multicellular organisms?

2. Define cell specialization. Which type of cells exhibit cell specialization? Name two specific examples.

3. Describe the levels of organization.

Biology Chapter 7: Study Guide

Section 1

· Definitions

Cell

Cell theory

Nucleus

Eukaryote

Prokaryote

· Scientists and their work

Robert Hooke

Anton van Leeuwonhoek

Matthias Schleiden

Theodor Schwann

Rudolf Virchow

· Know the three fundamental principles of the Cell Theory

· Differences between eukaryotes and prokaryotes

· Examples of prokaryotes and eukaryotes

· Know the two structures that all cells have

Section 2

· Definitions

Organelle

Cytoplasm

Nuclear envelope

Chromatin

Chromosome

Nucleolus

Ribosome

Golgi apparatus

Lysosome

Vacuole

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

Cytoskeleton

Centriole

· Be able to label a cell diagram (plant and animal)

· Know which organelles are in plants and animals

· Know structure and functions of organelles

· Know who Lynn Margulis is and what she suggested about organelle DNA

Section 3

· Definitions

Cell membrane

Cell wall

Lipid bilayer

Concentration

Diffusion

Equilibrium

Osmosis

Isotonic

Hypertonic

Hypotonic

Facilitated diffusion

Active transport

Endocytosis

Phagocytosis

Pinocytosis

Exocytosis

· Be able to label the components of a cell membrane

· Know what semi-permeable means

· Be able to determine which solution has a higher concentration of solutes

· Be able to label hypertonic, isotonic, and hypotonic solutions

· Be able to determine what will happen to a cell in hypertonic, isotonic and hypotonic solutions

· Be able to determine how equilibrium will be established

· Know the differences between diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion and active transport

· Be able to describe the process of exocytosis and endocytosis

Section 4

· Definitions

Cell specialization

Tissue

Organ

Organ system

· Know the difference between unicellular and multicellular organisms

· Be able to describe at least one example of cell specialization in animals and one in plants

· Know the levels of organization

· Be able to place examples within the levels