9Ea Building for the Future/A Roof Over Our Heads

9Ea – Building for the future/A roof over our heads

9Eb – Ready salted/Mixed-up metals

Word / Pronunciation / Meaning
acid rain / Rain that is more acid than usual, below about pH 5.6.
alloy / A mixture of metals, or of a metal and carbon.
mixture / A substance containing two or more different substances that are not chemically joined.
neutralisation reaction / A reaction between an acid and a base (or alkali) that makes a solution with a pH of 7. A salt and water are produced.
rust / Iron oxide – a flaky, red compound formed when iron reacts with oxygen.
salt / A compound formed by the reaction of an acid and a base
(or alkali). It has a metal part and a non-metal part. The
non-metal part is usually chloride, sulphate or nitrate (e.g. potassium sulphate).
word equation / A reaction displayed in words.

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9Eb – Focus on: Making copper sulphate

9Ec – Stone wear

Word / Pronunciation / Meaning
cemented / Stuck together.
chemical weathering / When rocks are broken up or dissolved by chemical reactions, usually involving rainwater.
compacted / Squeezed by weight above.
compression / Squashing force.
igneous rock / igg-nee-us / Rock made from interlocking crystals that are not in layers. Formed when molten rock freezes.
metamorphic rock / met-a-mor-fik / Rock made from interlocking crystals that are usually lined up or in layers. Formed by the effects of temperature and/ or pressure of other types of rocks.
physical weathering / When rocks are worn away or broken up by physical processes, such as changes in temperature.
porous / por-us / Containing tiny holes that a liquid can soak into.
sedimentary rock / Rock formed from layers of sediment. It is often porous and made of rounded grains.
tension / ten-shun / Stretching force.

9Ed – Rock through time/Going natural

Word / Pronunciation / Meaning
deposit / When moving air, water or ice drops rock fragments or grains
(sediment) it has been carrying.
erosion / er-O-shun / The movement of loose and weathered rock.
geology / The arrangement of rocks in the ground.
non-renewable / Resource that will eventually run out, such as quarried stone.
raw material / A material used to make something else, such as a metal ore that the metal is extracted from.
recycle / Use a material again, often by melting it and using it to make new objects.
re-use / When an object is used again, without being broken up or recycled.
rock cycle / All the processes which form sedimentary, igneous and metamorphic rocks linked together.
sediment / Rock grains and fragments that sink to the bottom of a river, lake or sea.
sustainable / An action that allows things to continue into the future.

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Exploring Science edition


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© Pearson Education Limited 2009