Экзаменационные вопросы по хирургическим болезням для студентов 4 курса англоязычного отделения лечебного факультета СтГМА на кафедре хирургических болезней №2
- Diagnosis, its structure. Etiologyofsurgicaldiseases. Differentialdiagnosis. Treatment of surgical diseases: indications for operation, contraindications, operational risk degrees, surgical access.
- Surgical treatment:outcome and results (immediate, distant). Complications: festering, bleedingetc. Mortality. Recovery.
- Mistakes, dangers, immediate complications and its’ prevention (preoperational, intraoperational, postoperational).
- Surgicaldeontology. Modernissues.
- Herniasofabdominalwall. Definition. Anatomy of abdominal wall. Elements of hernia.
6. Pathogenesisofhernias. Classification. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics.
7. Hiatalhernias. Diagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis. Operativetreatment: indications, repair methods.
8.Anatomyofinguinalarea. Directandindirectinguinalhernias. Congenitalandacquiredgroinhernias. Diagnosticsanddifferentialdiagnosis. Operativetreatment.Repairmethods. Differencefromeventration.
9. Femoral herniasFemoral canal anatomy. Diagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis. Operativetreatment. Repairmethods.
10.Umbilicalhernia. Anatomy. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Repairmethods.
11.Lineaalbahernias. Anatomy. Clinical presentation. Diagnostics. Repairmethods.
12.Incisionalhernias, recurrenthernias. Clinicalpresentation, diagnostics. Repair methods.
13.Complicationsofhernias: irreducibility. Etiology. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Differential diagnosis. Treatmetnt.
14.Complicationsofhernias: inflammation. Etiology. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Differential diagnosis. Treatmetnt.
15.Incarceration of hernia. Definition. Pathogenesis. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Differential diagnosis. Features of operative treatment of incarcerated hernias (borders of intestine resection).
16. Acuteappendicitis. Definition. Frequency. Etiology. Pathogenesis. Classification. Typesofappendix’slocalizationanddependenceofclinicalpresentation.
17.Acuteappendicitis. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Special examination methods.
18. Differential diagnosis of acute appendicitis.
19. Appendicitisinspecialpatientspopulations: children, elderly patients, pregnancy.
20.Acuteappendicitis. Management. Detailsofoperation. Complications of acute appendicitis:pilephlebitis, appendiceal mass,empyema, abscess.
21. Acuteappendicitisandsimultaneousoperations. Indications. Incisionandexposure. Results.
22. Appendicealmass. Definition. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnosis. Management.
23. Periappendiceal abscess. Definition. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnosis. Management.
24. Pilephlebitis. Definition. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnosis. Management.
25. Complications of appendectomy. Classification. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnosis. Management.
26.Recurrentappendicitis. Definition. Classification. Diagnosticcriteria. Operativeindications. Management.
27.Acuteandchroniccholecystitis. Calculousbiliarydisease. Anatomyandphysiology. Topographicalanatomyofgallbladderandbileducts.
28.Gallstoneetiologyandpathogenesis.
29. Calculous biliary disease. Classification.
30. Acute calculous cholecystitis. Clinical presentation. Diagnosis.
31. Acute calculous cholecystitis. Differential diagnosis.
32. Treatment of acuteandchroniccholecystitis.Managementconcepts.
33. Acutecalculouscholecystitis. Indicationsforoperativetreatment. Empyemaanddropsyofgallbladder. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Treatment.
34.Drainageofbileducts (operativemethods). Drainage of common bile duct. Indications.
35.Opencholecystectomyand intraoperational diagnostic methods.
36. Laparoscopiccholecystectomy. Advantagesanddisadvantages. Principles. Indications. Complications.
37. Obstructive jaundice. Definition. Etiology. Classification. Pathophysiology.
38. Modern diagnostic methods of obstructive jaundice.
39. Jaundice. Differentialdiagnosis.
40. Obstructive jaundice. Management. Conservativeandoperativetreatment.
41. Obstructive jaundice. Operativetreatment. Drainageofcommonbileduct (methodsbyFlerken, Finsterer, Yurash-Vinogradov).
42.Acutepancreatitis. Definition. Etiology. Pathogenesis.
43. Acutepancreatitis. Classification. Stages of pathological process. Clinicalrepresentation.
44. Acutepancreatitis. Modernprinciplesofdiagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis. Complications.
45. Acutepancreatitis. Management: conservative and operative treatment. Indications for operation. Methods of operations. Postoperative management.
46.Chronicpancreatitis. Definition. Etiology. Pathogenesis. Classification. Treatment.
47.Pancreaticcystsascomplicationofdestructive pancreatitis. Diagnostics. Operativetreatment: range, indications.
48.Septic complications of acute pancreatitis and their outcome. Clinicalpresentation. Diagnostics. Management.
49.Gastroduodenalulceration. Etiology. Ulcerationtheories. Pathologicalanatomy.
50.Gastroduodenalulceration. Diagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis. Clinicalpresentation. Symptoms.
51. Gastroduodenalulceration. Management: conservativeandoperativetreatment.
52.Gastroduodenalulceration. Treatment – makingdecision. Indications and contraindications for urgent and elective operations. Methods: Bilrot 1, Bilrot 2 and modifications (Roux, Hofmeister-Finsterer, Spasokukotsky, Polia-Reichel).
53.Gastroduodenalulceration. Postgastrectomysyndromes. Pathophysiology. Clinicalrepresentation. Diagnostics. Management.
54.Complicationsofgastroduodenalulceration: perforation, penetration, bleeding, stenosis, malignisation. Etiology. Pathogenesis. Clinicalrepresentation. Diagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis.
55.Complications of gastroduodenal ulceration: gastroduodenal bleeding. Classification. Stagesofbloodloss. Management.
56. Symptomaticulcers: Zollinger-Ellison, Mallory-Weisssendroms. Selectiveproximalvagotomyanddrainingoperations.
57.Diseases of colon. Classification. Classification. Etiology, pathogenesisof benign colonic diseases. Colonicpolyps andpolyposissyndrome.
58.Crohn disease (ileitis terminalis). Ulcerative colitis.Clinical presentation, diagnostics. Surgical treatment.
59. Diagnostics of potentialy malignant colonic diseases. Screeningtests.
60. Etiopathogenesisракаof colonic cancer.Classification, clinical manifestation.
61. Colonic cancer. Clinical presentation, diagnostics, differentialdiagnosis.
62. Colonic cancer. Treatment: options of operative treatment, radical, palliative operations.Combinedtreatment.Outcome.
63. Colonic cancer complications.. Clinical presentation, diagnostics. Methods of operations: palliative, radical. Indications.
64. Rectal diseases. Anatomy and physiology of rectum.Classification.Examinationofpatients, sufferingrectaldiseases.
65. Benignrectaldiseases: hemorrhoids, paraproctitis, anorectalfissure, fistulas, polyps.Clinical presentation, diagnostics. Differentialdiagnosis. Treatment. Postoperative management. Reabilitation.
66. Rectal cancer. Statistics. Classification. Diagnostics, examination methods. Differentialdiagnosis. Clinical presentation.
67. Rectal cancer.Treatment. Options of operative treatment, radical, palliative operations. Organ-preserving operations.Combined treatment. Outcome.
68. Ileus and bowel obstruction. Definition. Classification. Examination methods.Diagnostics. Treatment principles.
69. Ileus and bowel obstruction.Clinical presentation, diagnostics, differentialdiagnosis. Treatment.
70.Bowel obstruction. Etiology. Clinical presentation, diagnostics,differentialdiagnosis. Treatment.
71. Ileus. Etiology. Clinical presentation, diagnostics, differentialdiagnosis. Treatment.
72.Ogilvie syndrome. Etiology. Clinical presentation, diagnostics, treatment.
74. Ileusascomplicationofabdominaldiseases: moderntreatmentprinciples.
75.Mastopathia and benign breast tumors. Dishormonal breast diseases.Etiology, pathogenesis. Classification.
76.Dishormonalbreastdiseases. Methods of diagnostics. Clinical presentation.
77. Dishormonal breast diseases.Treatment: conservative and operative.Management. Methods of surgical treatment.
78. Mastitis. Definition. Etiology, pathogenesis, clinical stages. Differentialdiagnosis.
79. Acutelactationmastitis. Diagnostics.Management.Prevention.
80. Breastcancer. Riskfactors, riskgroups.Etiopathogenesis. Clinical and morphological classification.Diagnostics.
81. Breastcancer. Treatment:surgical,combined.Prevention,earlydiagnostics, screening.
82. Goiter. Definition. Etiology, pathogenesis,classification, clinical presentation,diagnostics.
83.Goiter.Conservative and operative treatment. Choice of method. Operation’s technique. Possible complications. Goiter prevention.
84.Riedel’s and Hasimoto’s thyreoiditis. Etiology. Diagnostics, treatment.
85.Thyroid cancer. Risk factors.Etiopathogenesis. Clinical and morphologicalclassification . Diagnostics.
86. Thyroidcancer.Modern principles of operative treatment. Reabilitation. Prevention. Screening.
87. Chronic venous disease and posttrobophlebitis syndrome.Classification, etiology, pathogenesis,clinical presentationиdiagnostics.
88. Varicose disease. Diagnostic evaluation.Treatment. Operative treat,ent: indications, contraindications, treatment.
89.Coplications of varicose disease. Clinical presentation,diagnostics, treatment.
90. Anorectal abscess.Classification. Diagnostics. Methods of operations.
91. Fistula-in-ano.Classification. Diagnostics. Methods of operations.
92. Hemorrhoids. Classification. Diagnostics. Operative treatment: indications, methods.
93Varicosediseaseaspulmonary embolism’s risk. Prevention.Urgenttreatment.
94.Simultaneousoperations. Definition. Classification. Indicationsandcontraindicationsinelective and urgent surgery. Incisionandexposure. Operationsequence. Operativeanesthesiologicalrisk.
95.Endoscopic diagnostic methods and operations in elective and urgent surgery. Indicationsandcontraindications. Mistakes, dangers andcomplications.
96.Spleendiseases.Classification. Modern diagnostic methods. Clinical presentation. Management.
97. Abdominaltrauma. Spleenrupture. Clinicalclassification. Management. Organ-preservingoperations. Postoperativemanagement.
98. Peritonitis. Definition. Anatomyandphysiologyofperitoneum. Classification.Etiology. Pathogenesis.Pathologicalanatomy.
99.Peritonitis. Clinical presentation, diagnostics.
100.Peritonitis.Modernprinciplesofcomplextreatment: features, sequence of surgical treatment. Laparostomy. Programmed sanation of abdominal cavity. Nasointestinal intubation.
101. Peritonitis. Postoperative management.
102.Surgical sepsis. Definition. Classification.Phases. Clinical presentation. Diagnostics.
103. Surgicalsepsis. Surgicaltreatment. Postoperativemanagement.
Экзаменационные вопросы обсуждены и одобрены на заседании кафедры хирургических болезней №2, протокол кафедрального заседания №10 от 20.02.2010г.
Заведующий кафедрой
хирургических болезней №2,
д.м.н., профессорСуздальцев И.В.
Заведующий учебной частью,
к.м.н., ассистент ПечёнкинЕ.В.