3rd grade Common Core Vocabulary

Term / 2nd / 3rd / CCCS / Smarter
Balance / 2007 Standards / CCSS
2013
add / X / X / X / The combining (composing) of two or more numbers/objects.
addend / X / X / X / * / Any number being added.
EXAMPLE: The 3 and the 5 in the following number sentence
3 + 5 = 8
Additive Identity / * / The number zero (0). When zero (0) is added to another number, it does not change the number’s value.
EXAMPLE: 12 + 0 = 12
algebraic / X / * / A mathematical sentence containing variables in which equation two expressions are connected by an equality (inequality) (inequality) symbol.
See also: equation and inequality.
algorithm / X / X / A logical step by step procedure for solving a math problem.
a.m. / X / X / X / The period from midnight to noon; morning/daylight hours.
angle / X / X / * / Two rays extending from a common end point called the vertex. Angles are measured in degrees.
apply / To put to use
area / X / X / * / The measure, in square units, of the inside region of a closed two-dimensional figure (e.g., a rectangle with sides of 3 units by 9 units has an area of 27 square units).
area model / X / X / A rectangular array.
arithmetic patterns / X / X / A pattern created by adding, subtracting, multiplying or dividing the same number.
EXAMPLE:
2, 5, 8, 11, 14, 17, 20 (+3)
array / X / X / A display of objects usually in a rectangular shape using rows and columns.
EXAMPLE:
* * * * *
* * * * *
* * * * *
Associative (Property) / X / X / * / The way in which three or more numbers are grouped, property for addition or multiplication does not change their sum or product, respectively
EXAMPLE: (3 + 1) + 9 = 3 + (1 + 9)
OR (5 X 3) X 10 = 5 X (3 X 10)].
attribute / X / X / X / A characteristic of a number, object, or geometric shape.
bar graph / X / X / * / A graph that uses either vertical or horizontal bars to display data.
capacity / X / X / * / The amount of space that can be filled in a container. Both capacity and volume are used to measure three-dimensional spaces; however, capacity usually refers to fluids, whereas volume usually refers to solids.
* capacity are fluid ounces, cups, pints, quarts, and gallons.
category / X / A type of mathematical object, as a set, group, or metric space, together with a set of mappings from such an object to other objects of the same type.
cent / X / A bronze coin of the U.S., the 100th part of a U.S. dollar: made of steel during part of 1943.
centimeter / X / X / X / On one-hundredth of a meter. 1/100 m
circle / X / A closed plane curve consisting of all points at a given distance from a point within it called the center.
classify / X / To arrange, organize, or order things; to place into groups given specific attributes
closed figure / X / Any two-dimensional shapes where all sides are closed.
Commutative (Property) / X / X / * / The order in which two numbers are added or multiplied property does not change their sum or product, respectively EXAMPLE: 4 + 3 = 3 + 4 OR 5 X 7 = 7 X 5
compare / X / X / To examine two or more objects, numbers geometric shapes, etc. in order to note similarities and differences
compose / X / X / To make, form, or increase by putting two or more objects together.
cone / X / See *geometric solid
congruent / X / * / Two plane or solid figures are congruent if one can be obtained from the other by rigid motion (a sequence of rotations, reflections, and translations).
count back
count on
counting back / X
X
X / An addition/subtraction strategy using finger, number lines, etc. to solve problems.
cube / X / A 3-D shape comprised of 6 plane faces and 12 edges all equal and its face angles are all right angles.
cylinder / X / * / A 3-D figure with two parallel bases that are congruent circles.
customary units / X / X / * / The units of measure developed and used in the US.
• length are inches, feet, yards, and miles.
• weight are ounces, pounds, and tons.
• volume are cubic inches, cubic feet, and cubic yards.
• capacity are fluid ounces, cups, pints, quarts, and gallons.
data / X / X / Individual facts, statistics, or items of information
data displays / * / Different ways of displaying data in charts, tables, or graphs, including pictographs, circle graphs, single-, double-, or triple-bar and line graphs, histograms, stem-and-leaf plots, box-and-whisker plots, and scatter plots.
decimal number / * / Any number written with a decimal point in the number. A decimal number falls between two whole numbers (e.g., 4.7 falls between 5 and 6). Decimal numbers smaller than 1 are sometimes called decimal fractions (e.g., three-tenths is written 0.3).
decompose / X / X / To reduce, decrease, or make smaller by taking two or more objects apart.
denominator / X / That term of a fraction, usually written under the line, that indicates the number of equal parts into which the unit is divided; divisor. Compare numerator; something shared or held in common
determine / To come to a decision or resolution; decide.
digit / X / X / Any of the figures of 1 through 9 and 0
digital clock / X / A clock that displays the time in numerical digits rather than by hands on a dial
difference / X / X / * / A number that is the result of subtracting two numbers.
dime / X / A cupronickel-clad coin of the U.S. and Canada, the 10th part of a dollar, equal to 10 cents
direct measure / * / Obtaining the measure of an object by using measuring devices, either standard devices of the customary or metric systems, or nonstandard devices such as a paper clip or pencil.
Distributive (Property) / X / The product of a number and the sum or difference of property two numbers is equal to the sum or difference of the two products. EXAMPLE: x(a + b) = ax + bx.
divide / X / To separate into parts, groups, sections, etc.
dividend / X / A number that is to be divided by a divisor.
divisible / * / A number capable of being divided into equal parts without a remainder.
divisor / X / * / The number by which another number is divided.
dollar / X / A paper money, silver or cupronickel coin, and monetary unit of the United States, equal to 100 cents. Symbol: $
doubles / X / Where the addends of an addition sentence are the same.
EXAMPLE: 1 + 1, 2 + 2, 3 + 3, etc.
dot plot / * / * See: line plot.
draw / To compose or create (a picture) in lines.
edges / X / A line at which two surfaces of a solid object meet.
EXAMPLE: an edge of a box.
eighths / X / Being one of eight equal parts.
elapsed time / X / Elapsed time is the time that has passed. This can be a way of timing something or used for basic knowledge. This is also the amount of time between beginning and end of time.
endpoint / X / The point on each side of an interval marking its extremity on that side.
equal
(equal groups)
(equal shares) / X / X
X / as great as; the same as; like or alike in quantity, value; evenly proportioned or balanced
equations / X / * / A mathematical sentence in which two expressions are connected by an equality symbol. See also algebraic equation (inequality).
equivalent / Expressions that have the same value but are presented expressions in a different format using the properties of numbers.
equivalents forms / * / The same number expressed in different forms (e.g., ¼, of a number 0.25, 25%).
equivalent fractions / X /
estimate / X / To form an approximate judgment or opinion regarding the worth, amount, size, weight, etc., of; calculate approximately
estimation / * / The use of rounding and/or other strategies to determine a reasonably accurate approximation, without calculating an exact answer.
EXAMPLE: clustering, front-end estimating, grouping
even numbers / X / Any number ending in the numerals 0, 2, 4, 6, 8
evaluate / X / To determine the numerical value of something.
expanded form / X / X / * / * A multi-digit number is expressed in expanded form when it is written as a sum of single-digit multiples of powers of ten. EXAMPLE: 643 = 600 + 400 + 3
explain / To give a clear understanding of
extraneous / * / Information that is not necessary to solving the information problem.
express / To put into words; to clearly explain; to represent by symbol, figure, character, formula
expression / X / X / The part of a number sentence containing numbers, symbols, and operators without the equal sign and answer; for instance 7 + x or 3 x 5
face / X / * / One of the plane surfaces bounding a three-dimensional figure; a side.
fact family / X / In a mathematical equation, all the numbers included in the equation are considered to be a family and can inter-relate. EXAMPLE: 2 + 3 = 5; as a family, these numbers can relate in other ways. 5 - 2 = 3, 5 - 3 = 2, 2 + 3 = 5, 5 - 3 = 2. 2, 3, and 5 are the numbers included in the family.
factor / X / * / A number or expression that divides evenly into another number.
EXAMPLE: 1, 2, 4, 5, 10, and 20 are factors of 20.
foot / X / X / A unit of length, originally derived from the length of the human foot. It is divided into 12 inches and equal to 30.48 centimeters. Abbreviation: ft., f.
fourths / X / X / Being one of four equal parts.
fraction / X / X / * / A number expressible in the form a/b where a is a whole number and b is a positive whole number. (The word fraction in these specifications always refers to a non-negative number.) See also: rational number.
generate / Create; to bring into existence; cause to exist; produce.
geometric solid / X / Geometric solids are three-dimensional shapes used in geometry to teach concepts such as volume and capacity.
EXAMPLE: cube, cone, cylinder, pyramid, etc.
gram / X / A metric unit of mass or weight equal to 15.432 grains; one thousandth of a kilogram. Abbreviation: g
greater than / X / X / A concept expressing a number as being more than something else.
half circle / X / A representation of half a circle.
half hour / X / X / A 30 minute interval on a clock.
halves / X / X / Being one of two equal or approximately equal parts of a divisible whole; being half or about half of anything in degree, amount, length, etc.
hexagon / X / X / A polygon having six angles and six sides.
hour / X / X / A period of time equal to one twenty-fourth of a mean solar or civil day and equivalent to 60 minutes
hour hand / X / The short hand on an analog clock that represents the hour.
hypothesis / * / A proposition or supposition developed to provide a basis for further investigation or research.
identify / To recognize, to match to a group
Identity (Property) / X / * SEE Multiplicative Property
inch / X / X / a unit of length, 1 / 12 foot. Abbreviation: in
indirect measure / * / The measurement of an object through the known measure of another object.
interpret / To give or provide the meaning of; explain and understand
inverse operation / * / An action that undoes a previously applied action. Example: subtraction is the inverse operation of addition.
is not equal to / X / Two numbers or groups of objects where they represent the same.
kilogram / X / A unit of mass equal to 1000 grams; Abbreviation: kg
labels / * / The titles given to a graph, the axes of a graph, or to the scales on the axes of a graph.
length / X / A one-dimensional measure that is the measurable property of line segments.
less than / X / X / A concept expressing a number as being less than something else.
line / X / X / A continuous extent of length, straight or curved, without breadth or thickness; the trace of a moving point.
line graph / * / A graph that displays data using connected line segments.
line plot / X / X / A method of visually displaying a distribution of data values where each data value is shown as a dot or mark above a number line. Also known as a dot plot.13
13 (Adapted from Wisconsin Department of Public Instruction, op. cit.)
line segment / X / A portion of a line delimited by two end points; also, a line described by two sets of coordinates and the shortest path between them
liter / X / A metric unit of measure for capacity/volume.
Abbreviation: L
mass / X / * / The amount of matter in an object.
measure / A unit or standard of measurement: weights and measures.
meter / X / X / A metric unit of measure. Abbreviation: m
metric units / X / X / * / The units of measure developed in Europe and used in most of the world. Like the decimal system, the metric system uses the base 10.
• length are millimeters, centimeters, meters, and kilometers.
• mass are milligrams, grams, and kilograms.
• volume are cubic millimeters, cubic centimeters, and cubic
meters.
• capacity are milliliters, centiliters, liters, and kiloliters.
minute / X / X / The sixtieth part ( 1 / 60 ) of an hour; sixty seconds.
minute hand / X / The long hand on an analog clock that represents the minute.
money / X / Coins and paper object that represent different values; used for buying things.
multiples / X / * / The numbers that result from multiplying a given whole number by the set of whole numbers (e.g., the multiples of 12 are 0, 12, 24, 36, 48, 60).
Multiplicative (Property) / * / The number one (1). Multiplying by 1 does not change a identity number’s value (e.g., 8 X 1 = 8).
multiply / X / gold, silver, or other metal in pieces of convenient form stamped by public authority and issued as a medium of exchange and measure of value.