30Th Meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Regulations

EUROPEAN AND MEDITERRANEAN PLANT PROTECTION ORGANIZATION

05-12079

Listroderes costirostris

Extracts of reports of EPPO Meetings

As mentioned on the introductory section of the Web page on PRA documents, PRA documents are working documents which have usually been produced by an assessor whose opinion may have been commented during Panel meetings and comments have usually not been included in the PRA documents but are found in Panel meeting reports. This document consists of extracts of EPPO Meetings' discussions on Pest Risk Analysis documents on the relevant pest. Discussions on Pest Specific Phytosanitary Requirements (PSPR)[1], have also been reported when relevant as they include elements on possible risk management options.

30th Meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Regulations (Paris, 1998-01-20/23)

4 Potential EPPO quarantine pests

4.6 Further proposals from individual countries

· Listroderes costirostris

This pest was proposed for addition to the A1 list. The Panel noticed that the references given in the PRA were rather old and wondered whether it was still considered as important in USA. It was also indicated that this pest was apparently adequately controlled but Mr Pemberton insisted that easy control should not disqualify an organism from being listed. After some discussion, the Panel concluded that there was not enough information in the PRA to be convinced of the importance of L. costirostris.

The Panel decided L. costirostris should not be proposed for addition.

4th meeting of the ad hoc Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potato (Rennes, FR, 1999-11-09/10)

6. Points for further development

6.3 Possible candidates for quarantine status

In advance of the previous meeting, Panel members had been asked to review the list of potato pests prepared by the Secretariat for an EU PRA on Mexican potatoes, and to identify those that would need further study. Detailed answers were received from Germany and UK, and it had been decided to investigate the pests identified by both countries. The Secretariat had prepared a document giving preliminary information on each of these pests. The intention was to identify those whose quarantine status should be further studied.

After discussion, the Panel decided that the following pests (insects) should be studied further: Limonius californicus, Melanotus communis, Epicauta vittata, Diabrotica speciosa, Scrobipalpopsis solanivora, Scrobipalpula absoluta. Listroderes costirostris should also be studied. It had already been examined and rejected by the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures, but it could now be studied again. A PRA was already available. Dr Smith (Chairman) said that the Secretariat would rely on Panel members, or their colleagues, to prepare data sheets and PRAs. The Secretariat would send a specific letter to invite them to volunteer for some pests, and would coordinate the answers in order to avoid duplication.

Germany and UK had suggested that non-European strains of potato viruses should be studied further. Two specific cases have been identified so far (Andean strain of potato S carlavirus and on the resistance-breaking strain of potato X potexvirus) and the Secretariat had found preliminary information on them. The Panel considered that these could be considered as documentable on the same basis as other viruses, since they were clearly distinct. However, it was not sure that enough information would be available. Individual countries could propose data sheets and PRAs for these.

For some pests, further preliminary information should be sought before deciding whether their quarantine status should be studied. Dr Jeffries agreed to find information on potato deforming mosaic virus (Brazilian form). The Secretariat would contact the authors of the single article published on potato leaflet stunt disease. Mr Martin agreed to find information on two viruses which are tested for in the French quarantine station: potato rough dwarf and potato yellow mosaic virus. The Secretariat should investigate temperate Phyllophaga spp. and identify the species which could present a risk for the EPPO region (e.g. Phyllophaga anxina, which is present in North America). It should also produce documentation on Epitrix cucumeris, separate from that already published on E. tuberis. The Panel decided that the other pests should not be studied further, for the following reasons: Cyclocephala melanocephala (too tropical), Phyllophaga ephilida (sweet potato pest), P. menestriesii (too tropical) , Conoderus amplicollis (not present in potato areas), Lema trilinea (not really reported as a pest).

The Secretariat should write to the participants to invite them to volunteer to prepare data sheets and PRAs for the pests mentioned above, and would coordinate the task to avoid duplication.

32nd meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures (Paris, 2000-01-18/21)

5. Potential EPPO quarantine pests

5.4 Listroderes costirostris

Dr Smith (Chairman) recalled that Listroderes costirostris had already been studied by the Panel on the basis of a PRA prepared by UK, and it had been decided that it should not be listed. More recently, the Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potatoes had conducted an analysis of the pests which could be quarantine pests in relation to potato, and Listroderes costirostris had been identified. Mr Pemberton noted that further studies had identified 2 papers mentioning its presence in Europe in the Islas Canarias and Islas Baleares (ES), in Portugal, and also in mainland Spain (Almería).

The Panel decided that the Secretariat should write to the NPPOs of Spain and Portugal to obtain more information on the situation[2].

33rd Meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures (Paris, OIE, 2001-01-23/26)

8. Potential EPPO quarantine pests

8.3 Reconsideration of Listroderes costirostris (98/6454)

Dr Smith (Chairman) recalled that old records in Spain and Portugal had been reported last year. After verification, there was no indication that the pest was present in these countries. Mr Pacheco had no reference for the presence of this pest in Portugal. Mr Pemberton noted that this pest was damaging and had spread to other continents, with a wide host range. Mrs Jenniskens noted that the references were old, and she wondered whether it had stopped spreading, or was not considered as important any more. Mrs Petter reported that a review had been made in France and that many recent references had been found. She offered to send them to the Secretariat. Dates should be added to the history of spread. Mr Smith (Chairman) proposed that the Secretariat could, before the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures for Potato, review some of the literature and add relevant information. Mr Unger wondered whether an SQR would be produced. Mr Pemberton thought that the measures could be visual inspection for damage. Mr Smith (Chairman) noted that there might be a difficulty in requiring a PC for vegetables from non-European origins where there is none at the moment, and also in deciding which vegetable species would present a risk.

The Secretariat should revise the PRA before the Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potato and should expand documentation.

6th meeting of the Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potato (Bratislava, Slovakia, 2001-02-20/22)

4. Draft commodity standard

4.2 Candidates quarantine pests of potato

Listroderes costirostris: Mr Smith (Chairman) recalled that a pest risk assessment done by Mr McLeod in UK had already been studied. Following indications of records in Spain and Portugal, the Secretariat had enquired on the situation. It appeared that these records were not confirmed. This pest had spread considerably in the past. It was polyphagous, but potato was one of its most important hosts. Mr Pemberton thought that it could be carried tubers, but not inside them, so that good packing practice should normally eliminate it. Mr Smith (Chairman) suggested that the feeding habits of this pest on potato should be further investigated. When the pest was first studied within EPPO, it was noted that most of the references given in the PRA were very old. The Secretariat would try to find more recent information (a more recent list of publications was said to be available from France).

The Secretariat should investigate the situation before the next meeting of this Panel.

7th meeting of the ad hoc Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potato (Kleinmachnow, DE, 2001-09-26/28)

3. First draft of the commodity standard for potato

3.3 Quarantine pests of potato

3.3.1 Listroderes costirostris

Mr Smith recalled that the categorization of this pest had been studied on several occasions by various EPPO Panels, on the basis of a PRA prepared in the UK. In the latest discussions, it had been noted that most of the references were old, so the question was raised whether L. costirostris was still considered as an important pest where it occurred. The Secretariat had tried to find more information. This pest appeared on many extension service Web sites, in particular in USA. It was a serious pest, although potato did not seem to be its primary host. Mr Smith recalled that uncertainties still remained on its possible occurrence in the region (old records referring to Spain, Portugal and Morocco had not been denied). He proposed that, since there was no urgency on this issue, it could be considered later. The Panel agreed.

Listroderes costirostris should be considered later by the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures.

34th Meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures (Paris, 2002-01-22/25)

7. EPPO quarantine pests

7.5 Reconsideration of Listroderes costirostris

The Panel was presented with an old PRA prepared by Mr McLeod (GB) in 1997, an updated short PRA from the same source and some notes from the Secretariat. Mr McNamara recalled that when this pest was first considered in 1998, the evidence presented was not found convincing and listing had not been accepted. This pest had subsequently been studied by the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures, with additional elements. Mr Bartlett noted that the taxonomy of this pest remained complicated and old records in the EPPO region might concern another species. This pest had caused serious damage until plant protection products could be widely used against it, and it could now cause damage in the context of the decrease of plant protection products available in the EU. Mr McNamara proposed that the old PRA could be updated and presented at the next meeting. Mr Bartlett agreed that a revised PRA would be prepared in UK for the next meeting.

UK would prepare an updated pest risk assessment for the next meeting.

8th meeting of the ad hoc Panel on European Phytosanitary Measures for Potato (Wageningen & Emmeloord, NL, 2002-02-12/15)

3. Second draft of EPPO commodity standard for potato

3.2 Quarantine pests of potato

3.2.1 Tecia solanivora, Listroderes costirostris

Mr Smith explained that the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures had decided that Listroderes costirostris would be studied again at its next meeting, and that Tecia solanivora should be added to the EPPO A2 list. Since it was now considered that the final decision on addition to a list should take place only when a suitable PSPR was available, the Secretariat had drafted one. However, it had observed that there were now several models of PSPRs (with different requirements) for soil pests in the draft potato standard. He therefore suggested that all PSPRs for soil pests of potato should be referred to entomologists. He also noted that the requirement for production/distribution system freedom had originally been designed for bacteria, and he was not sure how it would apply to soil pests. Mr Steeghs thought that there was the same need for insects to ensure that infested material was not coming from outside the PFA (see also 4.2.2). Mr Smith noted that the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures considered the addition of Tecia solanivora to be urgent. However, it would not be appropriate to approve PSPRs individually, until the general policy on PSPRs has been defined. He proposed that the Working Party could be asked to decide on addition on the basis of the draft.

36th meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures (Paris, EPPO headquarters, 2004-03-9/12)

8. Candidate Pests for EPPO listing

8.2 Review of pest risk assessments

· Listroderes costirostris. An updated PRA was prepared by Dr MacLeod (GB) which concluded that L. costirostris should be regarded as a potential pest for the EPPO region. Its status nevertheless needed to be confirmed in France, Spain and Portugal. Mr Gonzalez said that this pest was first discovered in France some years ago, but more information was needed. Mrs Perez said that only old records were available. Mr Bartlett regretted that southern countries did not perform PRAs for pests that are of concern to them. Mrs Petter (Chairman) concluded that L. costirostris could be proposed for the A1 list once its distribution had been checked. A letter will be sent to France, Spain and Portugal. The Secretariat will prepare a report of PRA and a datasheet for the Working Party provided additional information is available. The PRM report could also be adapted from the PRM performed for Naupactus leucoloma in the potato commodity standard.

The Secretariat will prepare a report of Pest risk assessment and a datasheet for the Working Party provided additional information is available on the status of the pest in France, Spain, and Portugal. Listroderes costirostris could then be proposed for the A1 list.

37th meeting of the Panel on Phytosanitary Measures (Paris, 2005-03-08/11)

8. Candidate Pests for EPPO listing

8.2 Review of pest risk assessments

· Listroderes costirostris. Mrs Petter (Chairman) recalled that L. costirostris was not on the Alert List but had been identified by the British NPPO when preparing a commodity assessment for the import of potato from New Zealand into the EU. Additional information on its distribution was requested at the last Panel meeting from Spain, Portugal and France. The Spanish NPPO said in 2000 that it was absent, while the Portuguese NPPO indicated in 2005-02 that this pest had never been found in Portugal. Mrs Pacheco noted that the only record of this pest in France was the finding of 2 specimens in 1978. Mrs Petter (Chairman) commented that little damage was reported in other parts of the world.

Listroderes costirostris will not be added to EPPO lists.

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[1] formerly called Specific Quarantine Requirements (SQR)

[2]