9c (pages 110 and 111)
2
1 Partly agree (he wasn’t the first to bring reggae to a wider audience, but he was the first global reggae superstar)
2 Agree (he is celebrated as some kind of redeeming figure, a symbol of hope)
3 Agree (his difficult environment instilled in him a keen sense of social justice, which came to be expressed in his music.)
4 Partly agree (there was no sense that he did not have time for them; simply that he was prioritising)
5 Partly agree (we do learn a lot about him, but you still feel there are many questions unanswered about this man who became the first Third World superstar)
6 Agree (they contain the sentiments of unity and love which run through almost all his work)
3
Sample answers:
Ideas from the text include:
… in many developing countries, he is celebrated as some kind of redeeming figure, a symbol of hope.
‘People want to listen to a message. I am not a leader, but a messenger.’
Marley experienced genuine hardship and even put his life on the line for justice.
… his songs come from the heart and appeal to others who face hardship …
… but what stays with you … is the magic of his performances. The music still sounds as fresh as it was when it was first recorded …
4 1 footage 4 prevalent
2 a ghetto 5 (warring) factions
3 an outsider 6 ecstatically
5 c
6 Sample answers:
aa ‘What’s on’ guide
b a newspaper / magazine review
c a literary review
7 Hit means ‘hit record’ i.e. a successful music record, one which sells a lot of copies, and may go into the top 50, top twenty, top ten or be a number one hit – the best-selling record that week.
8 1 e 2 f 3 b 4 d 5 c 6 a
9d (page 112)
2 1 He’s a disc jockey.
2 He has maintained a loyal following of listeners over 35 years, as well as attracting new ones.
3 Blues / Jazz. He associates it with the hot summer of 1976, and with exams.
3 a
What’s the secret of your continuing success?
What, for you, makes a good record?
And what’s your first record?
How did that come about?
b
That’s a good question.
It’s not something I’ve often thought about.
I honestly don’t know.
That’s difficult to say.
4a Expressions 1, 5, 6 and 9 do not use wavering intonation.
9e (page 113)
2 1 Fado is a traditional style of Portuguese music: it’s sad, intense, emotional, dramatic, and tells a story, often of the pain of separation.
2 It used to be popular only in Portugal and former Portuguese colonies. Now it has an international following.
3 1 sultry, sheer (drama)
2 sad, pain and hardship
3 one sultry evening, dimly-lit café
4 ‘piercing the listener’s body like a knife’ (paragraph 1)
5 ‘you’ll either love it or you’ll hate it’ ‘you can’t ignore it’ (paragraph 1); ‘you may hate it, but I suspect you will love it’ (paragraph 2)
4a 1 either + pronoun + verb, or + pronoun + verb
2 like + noun + clause, unlike + noun + clause
3 either + noun phrase, or + noun phrase, or + noun phrase
4 by + -ing, by + -ing
4b 1 Mariza is young, talented and energetic.
2 She sings both traditional and more modern songs.
3 Either you can book in advance or you can pay on the door.
4 You can spend hours wandering around the old town, visiting cafés and listening to live music.
5 The music fuses both traditional Spanish folk music and elements of North African music.
9f (pages 114 and 115)
1 Sample answers:
optimistic, philosophical, determined, truthful, sincere
4 1 Who Marley really was as a person and what his inspiration was.
2 He says they don’t really listen to it properly – it’s like background music.
3 He hopes it will make us listen to his music with fresh ears.
5 fascinating, extraordinary, rags to riches, racial issues, violence, gangsters, amazing
6 1 attractive / 4 believe him
gorgeous-looking
2 sincere 5 universal
3 solace 6 relate to
Unit 9 Review (page 116)
1 1 to raise money to help the victims of the 1970 cyclone and the Bangladesh Liberation War
2 It raised a lot of money, it made people aware of the problems in Bangladesh, and it started a new movement in benefit concerts.
2 1 so as to help victims of a disaster
2 to relieve the refugee crisis
3 for distribution
4 so that there would be as wide an audience as possible
3 But the aim of the Concert for Bangladesh wasn’t just to raise money. The organisers just wanted people to be more aware of Bangladesh and its problems. In this sense, according to organiser Ravi Shankar, ‘It was just fantastic.’ It also turned out to be just the start of a new movement in benefit concerts. Just under fifteen years later Live Aid, a response to the Ethiopian famine, was staged in London and Philadelphia and attracted a global TV audience of almost two billion.
4 1 b 2 f 3 e 4 c 5 h 6 a 7 g 8 d
6 1 tell 4 say
2 thought 5 really / ‘m afraid I
3 interesting