1900Drought at Horn of AFR, Brinell Tester (Metal Hardness Tester) Invented, Buganda E

1900Drought at horn of AFR, Brinell tester (Metal hardness tester) invented, Buganda E Africa ruled by the Kabaka (king) with British advice, uprising in Asante, W Africa, Boxer rebellion in China, Russia annexes Manchuria, Germany proposes 20 year plan to build naval fleet, Phosphate-rich Ocean Island (Oceana) annexed by British, New Zealand annexes Cook Islands, Hurricane in Galveston Texas, Scofield mine disaster, end of period of ragtime, start of jazz, End of sixth period of Chinese literature * Meeting between Saints and President McKinley, re-elected with 51% of Utah’s vote, Reed Smoot meets with McKinley, T. Roosevelt meets with Saints while campaigning in Utah, Jul - Lightning-started fire at Standard Oil refinery in NJ, Sep - 6000 die in Galveston hurricane - this leads to the first commission form of government, Baseball's American League formed, William Jennings Bryan runs on Free Silver campaign, Horseless carriages begin to appear on American roads - about 8000, Open Door Policy with China in effect, Chinese dislike foreign involvement, Boxer Rebellion kills 300 foreigners, Foraker Act provides new government for Puerto Rico, UT – outlaw gunned down in Castle Gate UT and souvenir hunters rip some skin off, Winter Quarters mine disaster kills 200 in Scofield, death of English art critic John Ruskin, death of German socialist Wilhelm Liebknecht, death of American essayist and novelist Charles Dudley Warner, death of German physiologist Wilhelm Kuhne, death of English philosopher and founder of Society for Psychical Research Henry Sidgwick, death of American popularizer of history John C Ridpath, death of English composer Sir Arthur Sullivan, death of German painter Wilhelm Leibl, death of Hungarian painter Mihaly von Munkascy, AK quake 7.7, start of malaria pandemic killing between 80 and 250 million until current, start of tuberculosis pandemic killing 40 and 100 million until current, Pan-African Congress meets in London – WEB Du Bois serves as secretary, composers Scott Joplin and Eubie Blake pioneer ragtime music, Cary Nation begins attacking saloons with her hatchet, End of Indian forced removal by US westward expansion, Chinese Boxer rebellion, German Planck forms quantum theory, Oscar Wilde dies, Freud's "The Interpretation of Dreams", death of Anglo-Irish author Oscar Wilde, death of American author Stephen Crane (age 29), death of Humbert I king of Italy, Roberts named British commander-in-chief in S Africa – Kitchener named chief of staff – relief of Ladysmith – British capture Bloemfontein relief of Mafeking – British annex Orange Free State and Transvaal and take Pretoria and Johannesburg, Ramsay macDonald appointed secretary of British Labour Party, Boxer risings in China against Europeans, King Umberto I of Italy murdered by anarchist – succeeded by son Victor Emmanuel III, Commonwealth of Australia created, Bernhard von Bulow named German Chancellor, William McKinley #25 reelected, Writers: Colette, Joseph Conrad (Lord Jim), Maxim Gorki, Edmond Rostand, Tolstoi, Theodore Dreiser, Anton Chekhov, JC Heer, Ellen Key, Leslie Stephen, Henri Bergson, Sigmund Freud (The Interpretation of Dreams), Bertrand Russell, Wilhelm Wundt, death of Stephen Crane, Death of Oscar Wilde, death of Nitzsche, Wallace Collection in London opened, death of English art historian John Ruskin, Picasso paints, Gauguin reports on travels, Lawrence Alma-Tadema paints, Cezanne paints, Renoir paints, Sargent paints, Toulouse-Lautrec paints, film of Cinderella directed by Georges Melies, death of Sir Arthur Sullivan the musician, Samuel Coleridge-Taylor composes, Gustave Charpentier composes, Elgar composes, Puccini composes “Tosca”, FE Dorn discovers radon, Max Planck formulates quantum theory, first Browning revolvers manufactured, American scientist RA Fassenden transmits human speech via radio waves, First trial flight of Zeppelin, Arthur Evans excavations in Crete – discovery of Minoan culture, German Civil Law Code comes into force, George Cadbury founds Bourneville Village Trust, “Daily Express” in London appears, Cake Walk becomes fashionable dance, DF Davis presents international lawn tennis cup (Davis Cup), World Expo in Paris, Ray C Wery of US wins eight Olympic gold medals, WG Grace ends cricket careen with 54,000 runs, William Muldoon proclaimed first professional wrestling champion, Top songs: “Strike Up the Band”, “Flight of the Bumblebee” “Give Us Just Another Lincoln” “I Can’t Tell Why I Love You But I Do” “Tell Me Pretty Maiden”, President Snow – last who knew Joseph Smith personally testified, Missionary training courses started at Church schools, Elder BH Roberts excluded from US House of Representatives, Boxer Rebellion in China (Boxer is a bad transliteration of nationalist), approximate end of Ch’ing Dynasty in China under Manchu rulers, Orange Free State annexed by Britain, Northern Nigeria invaded and conquered by Britain, Labour Representation Committee founded in Britain, seized lands in southern Africa re-taken by British – annexation of Orange Free State and Transvaal, British conquest of northern Nigeria begins, German Navy Law provides for massive increase in sea power and arms race with Britain, Milton Hershey sells caramel factory to start chocolate factory in PA – opens 1905

1901Britain annexes Asante, W Africa, Separation of the church and state begins 4 year run in France, Bolshevik party starts in Russia (Russian Social Revolutionary Party), Britain gains control over Tonga’s foreign relations, Commonwealth of Australia formed, Death of Victoria of Britain, Edward VII reigns * McKinley stops in depot of Ogden, George Albert Smith hears the shot that killed McKinley, George Albert Smith meets with T. Roosevelt in New York, German population density about 160/sq mile, Mar - F3 tornado in Birmingham AL, Roosevelt warns that forest and water problems are most vital, Supreme Court separates U.S. territories from incorporated possessions - eventually leading to AK and HI statehood, Congress turns Cuba over to Cubans, Britain gives up control of canal territory in Panama to U.S., death of Giuseppe Verdi the Italian operatic composer,death of British authoress Charlotte M Yonge, death of Ignatius Donnelly the American author and pro Bacon vs. Shakespeare proponent, death of French-German physicist and acoustician Rodolphe Koenig, death of Swedish explorer of NE passage Nils AE Nordenskjold, death of Benjamin Harrison #23, death of English novelist Sir Walter Besant, death of American humorist Orpheus C. Kerr, death of Turkish general Osman Pasha, death of American playwright and actor James A Herne, death of British poet Robert Buchanan, death of American historian John Fiske, death of Russian painter Vasili Vereshchagin, assassination of William McKinkey #25, death of Anglican Bishop of London Mandell Creighton, death of Richard D’Oyly Carte the English theatrical manager for Gilbert and Sullivan, 6.4 CA quake, Booker T. Washington organizes national Negro Business League, Marconi’s radio transmission returned from across Atlantic, King C Gilette invents safety razor, Karl Landsteiner identifies three blood types, Willis Carrier invents industrial air conditioning, Death of Queen Victoria in England, Edward VII rules England, Theodore Roosevelt president, death of French painter Henri Toulouse-Lautrec age 37, Edmund Barton inaugurated as first Prime Minister of the Commonwealth of Australia, Boers begin organized Guerilla warfare – negotiations between Kitchener and Botha at Middleburg on amnesty of Cape rebels, Cuba Convention makes the country a US protectorate, WH Taft becomes Governor-General of Philippines, Negotiations for Anglo-Japanese alliance in London, Peace of Peking ends Boxer uprising, William McKinley assassinated by anarchist – Theodore Roosevelt governs, Prince Ito of Japan in St. Petersburg seeking concessions in Korea – negotiations end without agreement, Negotiations for Anglo-German alliance end without agreement, Treaty on building of Panama Canal under US supervision, Social Revolutionary Party founded in Russia, Nobel Peace Prizes awarded to Henri Dunant of Switzerland and Frederic Passy of France Wilhelm Roentegen and E von Behring, Writers: Samuel Butler, Hall Caine, Kipling, Selma Lagerlof, Maeterlinck, Thomas Mann, Strindberg, Louis Couperus, Wilhelm Meyer-Forster, Charles Louis Philippe, Frenk Wedekind, Stefan Zweig, JM Barrie, Frank Norris (The Octopus), BS Rowntree, James Bryce, cabaret “Uberbretti” founded in Berlin, Rudolph Steyner founds anthroposophy, Rabindranath Tagore founds Santiniketan school in Bengal, Gaugin paints, Edvard Munch paints, death of Swiss painter Arnold Bocklin, death of Henri Toulouse-Lautrec, Feradin and Holder paint “spring”, Mac Lieberman paints, Picasso’s Blue Period, Siegesallee in Berlin – 32 marble statues of members of the House of Hohenzollernn, Film “The Little Doctor”, Richard Strauss composes, Stanford composes, Dvorak composes, Elgar composes, Ravel composes, Rachmaninoff composes, Bruckner’s symphony performed posthumously, death of Verdi the composer, Tenor Leo Slezak joins Vienna Opera, Ragtime jazz develops in US, Wigmore Hall in London opens, Start of “Century of electricity” following the “century of steam”, Max Planck publishes laws of radiation, hormone adrenalin first isolated, Marconi transmits telegraphic radio messages from Cornwall to Newfoundland, first motor driven bicycles, Wilhelm Maybach technical director at the Daimler works constructs first Mercedes car, WH Nernst postulates “third law of thermodynamics”, Mombasa to Lake Victoria completed, JP Morgan organizes US Steel, Trans-Siberian Railroad reaches Port Arthur, Fifth Zionist Congress begins Jewish National Fund, Oil drilling started in Persia, Boxing recognized as legal sport in England, first British submarine launched, First American Bowling Club tournament held in Chicago, popular songs “Yale Boola!” “American Patrol” Rachmaninoff’s “Concerto for Piano #2”, President Snow issues “Greeting to the World” MEX mission reopens, Japan opens for missionary work, Church emphasis moves to local and stake levels, 12 and 70 released from all local callings, death of President Snow and Joseph Fielding Smith set apart, President Joseph F Smith gives Elder Reed Smoot permission to run for senate, information booth created at Temple Square, Manchuria occupied, Commonwealth of Australia established, Edward VII King of Britain (House of Saxe-Coburg) to 1910 after Victoria, Terrorist activities increase in Russia, Russia occupies Manchuria in China,

1902Pelee on Martinique Virgin Islands erupts and kills ~26,000 - St. Pierre Snake Invasion kills 50, end of second Boer War, Treaty of Vereeniging ends second Boer War in S Africa, Alabama Shiloh Baptist Church overcrowded to hear Booker T Washington - one screamed “fight” and people misunderstood as “fire” and 115 trampled, Anglo-Japanese alliance reached, treaties between China, Britain, US and Japan, Ibn Saud captures Riyadh – beginning of Saudi Arabia, votes for women introduced in Australia, Earthquake and volcano in Guatemala City, Soufriere Volcano on St. Vincent Island erupts killing 1680, Volcano on Martinique, Santa Maria Volcano in Guatemala erupts killing 1680, earthquake in Ubekistan, Mercalli invents earthquake scale, Streetcars in New Orleans segregated, Byzantine silver plates created 629 AD discovered, collapse of Campanile of St. Mark’s in Venice after 1000 years * President T. Roosevelt meets with Saints, Salisbury - Buffalo Bill’s partner – dies – BB Cody files for divorce from wife - pubic turns against him as relationships revealed, Muckraking articles and <i>History of the Standard Oil Company</i> published, Spring - coal strike in PA - strike lasted through autumn, where shorter hours and higher wages were granted, but were told their union wasn't valid, Danbury Hatter's Strike, MA invents Worker Compensation - declared unconstitutional, U.S. defeats the Philippine rebels, Philippines gain self-rule... not fully granted until 1907, A Venezuelan blockade by Britain, Germany and Italy results in U.S. arbitration, death of German surgeon Rudolf Virchow, death of English historian Samuel Rawson Gardiner, death of Lord Acton the English historian, death of American fiction writer Frank R Stockton, death of English novelist and critic Samuel Butler, death of French painter James Tissot, death of American novelist Bret Harte, death of American writer Edward Eggleston, death of American editor of the Atlantic Monthly Horace E Schudder, death of French sculptor Jules Dalou, death of American naturalist and paleontologist Alpheus Hyatt, death of American legislator Thomas B Reed, death of American naval commander in Spanish-American War William T Sampson, death of French novelist Emile Zola, death of American cartoonist Thomas Nast, Hakkoda Japan blizzard kills 199 during military training exercise, End of Indian Famine killing 19 million from 1896, jazz Pianist Jelly Roll Morton performs, Popular Mechanics premiers, Andrew Carnegie established Carnegie Institution, Teddy Roosevelt refuses to shoot a bear tied to a tree, Egypt's first Aswan Dam,death of British adventurer and statesman Cecil John Rhodes, Max Factor comes to US from Russia, Anglo-Japanese treaty recognizes the independence of China and Korea, Coal strike in US May-Oct, National bankruptcy declared in Portugal, Treaty of Vereeniging ends Boer War – Orange Free State becomes British Crown Colony, Triple Alliance between Germany Austria and Italy renewed for six years, US acquires perpetual control over Panama Canal, Colonial conference meets in London, Arthur Balfour becomes British Prime Minister, First meeting of Committee of Imperial Defence in London, death of Cecil Rhodes (Rhodesia), Leon Trotsky escapes from a Siberian prison and settles in London, Writers: Hilaire Belloc, Joseph Conrad, Arthur Canon Doyle (Hound of the Baskervilles), Andre Gide, Kipling, Maxim Gorki, John Masefield, D’Annunzio, JM Barrie, Chekhov, Arnold Bennett, Maeterlinck, Merezhkobski, AEW Mason, Beatrix Potter (Peter Rabbit), JA Hobson, William James, Paul Hoensbroich, Benedetto Croce, Pauli and Herbig, Werner Sombart, London Times Literary Supplement begins, death of Sanuel Butler, Emile Zola, Winner of Nobel Prize for Literature Theodor Mommsen, Gauguin paints, Monet paints, JS Sargent paints, Rodin paints, Olaf Gulbransson becomes political cartoonist, Slevogt paints, Film -
Salome”, Max Klinger sculpts Nietzsche, Elgar composes first “Pomp and Circumstance” march, Debussy composes, Edward German composes, Freerick Delius composes, Leo Blech composes, Lehar composes, Massenet composes, Sibelius composes, Enrico Caruso makes first phonograph recording, Oliver Heaviside the English physicist states atmospheric layers which aid radio waves, American neurological surgeon HW Cushing begins study of pituitary, Bayliss and Starling discover the hormone secretin, French physician Charles Richet discovers anaphylaxis, Valdemar Poulsen invents the arc generator, JM Bacon becomes the first man to cross the Irish Channel In a balloon, Nobel Prize for medicine Sir Ronald Ross, Aldof Miethe invents panchromatic plate, death of German physician Rudolph Virchow, Aswan Dam opened, Casualties of Boer War – 5774 British and 4000 Boers, King Edward VII establishes Order of Merit, Anglo-American “Pilgrims” association founded, Metropolitan Water Board in London founded, Martinique volcanic fire destroys town of St. Pierre, top songs: “Pop and Circumstance” “The Entertainer” “The Glow-Worm” “Bill Bailey Won’t You Please Come Home” “Because” “On A Sunday Afternoon” “In the Good Old Summer Time”, T-rex discovered, Sutton deduces that chromosomes separate for reproduction, Children’s Friend published, Relief Society creates mother’s classes, Only remaining independent African countries are Ethiopia and Liberia, British win Boer War and annex Transvaal and Orange Free State, Anglo-Japanese alliance formed ending Britain’s isolation policy, Treaty of Vereeniging ends Boer War, British and German fleet take Venezuelan navy to force payment of debts

1903Gilette invents disposable blade, Sokoto caliphate in Hausaland Africa taken over by Britain, British viceroy of India (Lord Curzon) sends expedition to Tibet, Assassination of Alexander, king of Serbia, Scandal breaks in Belgium over rule in Zaire – 2 years, Panama secedes from Colombia with US backing, Boundary dispute between Alaska and Canada settled, landslide in Alberta CAN, Gainesville GA tornado, Heppner OR flood and storm * Reed Smoot elected to Senate and Roosevelt supports him , Roosevelt visits Utah and becomes first president in Tabernacle, first World Series, Annie Oakley on verge of stardom in movies is smeared by Hearst’s papers in Chicago – was a poser burlesque dancer and cocaine addict – scandal fought by Oakley with libel suits over six years,Apr - Landslide hits Frank, Alberta, CAN, Dec 17 - perfect weather for the Wright Brothers, "The Wizard of Oz" written, Congress passes Expedition Act to speed up Antitrust cases, Elkins Act expands control over shipping, Marconi sends wireless message across the Atlantic, "The Great Train Robbery" debuts, OR law prohibits women and children from working over 60 hours a week, Colombian skirmish in Panama leads to Panama's independence, death of German historian Theodor Mommsen, death of English philosopher Herbert Spencer, death of French impressionist Camille Pissarro, death of FW Farrar the Anglican cleric who write and became Dean of Westminster then was involved in shady financial affairs, death of English Roman Catholic prelate Herbert Voughan, death of Anglo-American painter James Abbot McNeill Whistler, death of English novelist JH Shorthouse, death of French explorer to Africa Paul du Chaillu, death of Montagu Corry the English philanthropist and aide, death of French philologist Gaston Paris, Panamanian declaration of Independence penned in NY, WEB Du Bois publishes “The Souls of Black Folk”, Enrico Caruso debuts in NYC, Wright brothers fly, death of French painter Paul Gauguin, Panama secedes from Colombia, US gets canal zone, Wright brothers fly at Kitty Hawk, death of Austrian composer Hugo Wolf, death of Pope Leo XIII, British complete conquest of Northern Nigeria, King Edward VII visits Paris – French president Loubet visists London – the “Entente Cordiale” established, King Alexander I of Serbia and Queen Draga murdered – Peter Karageorgevich accedes to throne as Peter I, Alaskan frontier settled, London Congress – Fussian Social Democratic Party splits into Mensheviks (led by Plechanoff) and Bolsheviks (led by Lenin and Trotsky), Coronation Durbar for Edward VI King-Emperor at Delhi, Writers Samuel Butler (posthumously), Hofmannsthal, Henry James, Shaw (Man and Superman), Gerfart Hauptmann, Theodor Herzl, Jack London (Call of the Wild), Strindbert, GE Moore, Johannes Haller, Wilhelm Bolsche, Henri Poincare, Otto Weininger (suicide age 23), Nobel Prize for literature Bjornsterne Bjornson, Death of Pope Leo XIII – Cardinal Guiseppe Sarto becomes Pope Pius X, Anti-Jewish pogroms in Russia, death of Anglo-American painter James Whistler, death of French painter Paul Gauguin, PW Steer paints, Alma-Tadema paints, Building of Liverpool Cathedral, Joseph Israels paints “Jewish Wedding”, Gustav Klimt paints, premier of 12-minute (longest with a plot) film “The Great Train Robbery”, Delius composes, Bruckner’s symphony (posthumously), Oscar Hammerstein builds manhattan Opera House in New York, death of Hugo Wolf composer, Edmund Eysler composes, Juan Manen composes, Ermanno Worl-Ferrari composes, D’Albert composes, Elgar composes, first recording of an opera – Verdi’s “Ernani”, Agnes Clerke writes about problems with astrophysics, JJ Thompson writes about conduction of electricity through gasses, Orville and Wilbur Wright fly, RA Zsigmondy invents ultramicroscope, Nobel Prizes H Becwuerel and the Curies in physics, Arrhenius in chemistry, U of Liverpool and Manchester founded, Wilhelm Einthoven invents the electrocardiograph, Motor-car regulations in Britain set 20mph speed limit, Emmeline Pankhurst founds National Women’s Social and Political Union, Royal Naval College in Dartmouth founded, Deutsches Museum in Munich opened, Albert I Prince of Monaco founds International Peace Institute, German Hans Meyer climbs and explores Chimborazo in Ecuador, Henry Ford founds Ford Motor Company, JP Morgan founds International Mercantile Marine Company, Sixth Zionist Congress declines offer for Jewish settlement in E Africa, First crossing of American continent by car in 65 days, Richard Steiff designs first teddy bears, first Tour de France, First post-season baseball series, “The Beer That Made Milwaukee Famous” “Melody of Love” “March of the Toys” “Ida! Sweet as Apple Cider” “Hiawatha”, Rutherford disproves Kelvin’s theory about the age of the sun due to furnace effect minimixing cooling, Reed Smoot elected, anti mormon reprints charge Mormons of paying for women converts and scandalizes Mountain Meadows Massacre, harems, Danites, Carthage Jail purchased by Church, George Albert Smith called to 12 while his father John Henry Smith was also in the 12, Curies win Nobel Prize, Lehi 4th Ward created, Elisha Peck Junior named to finance committee, Pope Pius X bans castrati performances, Alaska’s boundary determined, Women’s Social and Political Union formed in Britain by Mrs. Emmeline Pankhurst, General agitation about appalling labour conditions in Congo Free State – Belgian commission investigated, Pius X Pope to 1914, Panama achieves independence from Colombia, Russian Social Democratic Party meets in London with split between Mensheviks (moderates) and Bolsheviks (extremists), Proposal to increase administration and drop teacher status and add standardized tests, Crayola crayons introduced