Brazil Military – Amazon Region
Brazilian Military
Army = Amazonian Command (Manaus, Amazonas) – 8th Military Region
Navy = HQ IX Manaus, Amazonas
Army = 120,000 + 70,000 conscripts = 190,000 total
Jungle Infantry =
· 5 bridgades
· 15 battalions
State police for Amazon and border patrol under army control.
Navy = 67,000
Military Command of the 9th Naval District
Command of the fleet of Amazonas
ComFlotAM = 5 patrol boats
Amazonas Command - AM
http://www.exercito.gov.br/06OMs/indiceom/am.htm
Command of the Military Command of the Amazon - Manaus Cmdo CMA www.cma.eb.mil.br
Command of Border - Rio Negro and 5th Infantry Battalion of the Jungle - São Gabriel da Cachoeira Cmdo R Fron Black / 5 A www.cfrn5bis.eb.mil.br
Command of Border - Solimões and 8th Infantry Battalion of the Jungle - Tabatinga Cmdo Fron Solimões / 8 A www.8bis.eb.mil.br
Command of the 2nd Infantry Brigade of the Jungle - São Gabriel da Cachoeira Cmdo 2nd Bda Inf Sl
Command of the 2nd Grouping of Engineering - Manaus Cmdo 2 gpt E
Command of the 12th Military Region - Manaus Cmdo 12th RM
Command of the 16th Infantry Brigade of the Jungle - Tefé Cmdo 16th Bda Inf Sl
Regional Commission for Works of the 12th Military Region - Manaus CRO/12
Company Command Military Command of the Amazon - Manaus Cia Cmdo CMA
Company Command of the 2nd Infantry Brigade of the Jungle - São Gabriel da Cachoeira Cia Cmdo 2nd Bda Inf Sl
Company of the 2nd Command Grouping of Engineering - Manaus Cmdo Cia 2 gpt E
Company Command of the 12th Military Region - Manaus Cmdo Cia 12th RM
Company Command 16th Infantry Brigade of the Jungle - Tefé
Cia Cmdo 16th Bda Inf Sl
1st Company of Statement of Jungle - Manaus 1st Cia With Sl
1st Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Parintins 1st Del SM/29 of CSM
1st Infantry Battalion of the Jungle - Manaus 1 A
2nd Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Itacoatiara 2nd Del SM/29 of CSM
3rd Special Forces Company - Manaus 3rd Cia Esp F
3rd Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Manaus 3rd Del SM/29 of CSM
4th Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Tefé 4th Del SM/29 of CSM
4th Division of Survey - Manaus 4th DL www.4dl.eb.mil.br
4th Battalion of the Army Aviation - Manaus 4 B Av Ex www.4esqdavex.eb.mil.br
4 Center for Telematics Area - Manaus 4 CTA www.cma.eb.mil.br
5th Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Tabatinga 5th Del SM/29 of CSM
6th Precinct of the Military Service of the 31st CSM - Humaitá 6th Del SM/31 of CSM
7th Precinct of the 29th Military Service CSM - Barcelos 7th Del SM/29 of CSM
12th Company of Guards - Manaus 12th Cia Gd
12th Police Company of the Army - Manaus 12th Cia PE
12th Inspectorate of Army Finance And Accounting - Manaus 12th ICF Ex
12th Battalion of Supply - Manaus 12 Sup B
16th Logistics Base - 16th Tefé Log Ba
16 Platoon of Communications of Jungle - Tefé
16 Pel With SL
17th Infantry Battalion of the Jungle - Tefé 17 BIS
21 ª Companhia de Engenharia de Construção - São Gabriel da Cachoeira 21 ª Cia And CNST
22 Police Platoon of the Army - San Gabriel da Cachoeira 22 Pel PE
29th district of Military Service - Manaus 29th CSM www.29csm.eb.mil.br
34 Police Platoon of the Army - Tefé 34 Pel PE
54 Infantry Battalion of the Jungle - Humaitá 54 A www.54bis.eb.mil.br
Amazon Command Logistics
1 - The Challenge of the jungle
The Amazon Jungle contains nearly a third of the planet's tropical forests. It is a true "ocean of trees." large and dangerous. She is so huge in fact, that the equivalent cross-cross the Atlantic Ocean between Africa and the Americas.
The extensive and dense Amazonian forest is endowed with huge mesh basin, poor road network, high levels of humidity, rainfall and constant risk of tropical diseases, and it is the major obstacle to the logistics operations, either in operations or in support for organizations Military based in the area. There is the world no region so inhospitable and frightening as the Tropical Jungle.
The 8th Military Region (8th RM) has a logistics area of responsibility of more than 1,500,000 km2, which represents approximately 18% of national territory. In real challenge to meet your Organicações Military (OM) contingent, are employed means of the Brazilian Air Force (FAB), and organic car ferries and the 8th of Supply Depot (8 Sup D).
The adversity of the environment directly influence the performance of man and material. The deterioration of the items of supply is a constant and real threat that demands the taking of special measures to preserve, such as conducting periodic purge of the food, the climate of depots and warehouses and preventive maintenance of stocked items.
Besides these, other challenges have been defeated by the 8th RM in 1997 to provide the necessary support to the OM under their responsibility, such as:
- Creation of the lining of Marabá Hospital, opened in October 1997;
- Production, distribution and installation of seven dental offices for OM;
- Reequipping of doctors;
- Collection and distribution of two modules of boats tactics for the 2nd Infantry Battalion of the Jungle (2 A - Bethlehem) and the 52 Infantry Battalion of the Jungle (52 A - Maraba-PA);
- Installation of a ramp to facilitate loading and unloading, the vessel floating Codajás and Logistics;
- Rationalization of the distribution of quotas of fuel to OM, offering economy and allowing the supply of petrol and diesel to April to March 1998;
- Reducing the rate of pre-availability of vehicles, by using funds from the Department of Transportation;
- Fosfatização of 1880 OM regional arms of Arsenal in the War of Rio de Janeiro, with employment of aircraft for the transport of FAB;
- Making operational ration alternative, using items of food in the trade, with great economy and good acceptance by the troop maneuvers in the Strait of brief and the State of Amapá;
- Increased storage capacity of the cold chambers of OM further from Bethlehem and
- The use of C-130 aircraft of the Support Plan Amazon, for carrying supplies, and the C-95 of the agreement with the FAB, to carry the team Regional Park Maintenance / 8 (Pq R Mnt / 8), General Hospital of Belém (HGeBe) and Regional Commission for Works / 8 (CRO / 8), and perform any evacuations in order to meet the entire area of responsibility of the 8th MR.
2 - Insulation
8th in the RM, the largest population density are at the margins of the main roads and rivers: Imperatriz (MA), Maraba, Altamira, Itaituba and Santarém, in Pará
Climatic conditions, the precariousness of the roads, particularly the Transamazon and the great distances inland to overcome, this isolation makes it the most difficult one for the completion of logistical support.
3 - Large distances
The road infrastructure priority, traditionally, means river, which are considered the most viable for logistical support to troops in Macapá, Santarém, and Itaituba Altamira, drawing up the routes of the network hidroviária of the Amazon Basin.
Addressing the troops in cantoned Oiapoque (AP) is a special challenge. The activity can be done by sea, rising up after the river of the same name or, as is currently done by the combination of the waterway to Macapá, the road of 620 kilometers through the BR-156, which connects one the capital city of Oiapoque, or by air.
The roads south of Pará, in theory, allow any support to the troops positioned along the highway Transamazon, ie Maraba, Altamira and Itaituba. However, its lack of traffic during periods of rain particularly difficult logistical support for these two cities, requiring the employment of means of inland 8 Sup D and / or aircraft of the FAB for the transport of supplies.
The following table summarizes the distances to be overcome and the means employed by 8 Sup D to support the troops in charge of logistics 8th RM
VENUE OF OM Road (Km) Anv C-130 (h) Ferry (days)
Oiapoque - 1:40 5
Macapá - 1:00 2
Santarem - 1:30 5
Itaituba - 2:00 6
Altamira - 1:20 3
Marabá 668 - --
Empress 578 - --
4 - The limitations of the means of communications and transport
The communications environment in the jungle suffer effects of weather such as torrential rain, humidity, heat and limitations offered by the scarcity of roads, poor visibility at ground curled in some areas and the dense vegetation.
However, the 8th MRI was able to test with success, some communications equipment during the "Operation Brief" and "Operation Amapá", held at the end of 1997.
We used the following equipment: TW 7000; generating solar power, portable generator, automatic telephone exchange, telegraph handlers, all radio EB-11 ERC 131/TPX720 to link earth - air, maintaining contact with military aircraft to 50 km away , and the same at 1,000 feet altitude, TW 2000 (run); KENWOOD with laptop or desktop, integrating radio-wire (IRF) and the use of brief radio station for the transmission of messages pre-established.
The question of means of transport to be used in large-scale displacement is closely linked to the isolation of the units to be supported, the volume of material to be transported and the speed you wish. You can say that the mesh of the Eastern Amazon river meets the needs of access roads to large for the implementation of logistical support. However, although significant, the road is of poor quality, particularly in the BR-230 and 156, during the rainy months.
With this, the growing importance of maintenance of vehicles, the use of ferries and FAB for the logistical support to always reach the end of the line.
5 - Support to civilian populations and indigenous
The Army, through its military organizations (OM) distributed along the borders, major rivers and roads, providing essential support to communities and indigenous civilians.
The 8th Military Region supports this activity, providing conditions for the functioning of hospitals to trim jobs and health care, both in personnel and in equipment and medicines.
With the participation of the Region, the OM able to support various operations performing the type Civic Action Committee (ACIS) and joint campaigns with the Prefecture of the various towns in visits in the specialized field of medical health, dental and laboratory, with the objective to raise community spirit between the army and the local community.
These activities are quite common, particularly in more isolated and Military Organizations, Santarém, Itaituba, north of Altamira and Cleveland.
Amazon Naval Command – 9th District
http://www.mar.mil.br/9dn/
Organizations subordinate to the Military Command of the 9th Naval District
· Command of the fleet of Amazonas
· Capitania the Amazon River West
· Battalion Operations Ribeirinha
· Capitania River to Tabatinga
· Naval Station Rio Negro
· Deposit Naval Manaus
· 3rd Squadron of Helicopters General Employment
OM subordinated to ComFlotAM
· P-30 Patrol Boat River Roraima
· P-31 Patrol Boat River Rondonia
· P-32 Patrol Boat River Amapá
· P-20 Patrol Boat River Teixeira
· P-21 Patrol Boat River Raposo Tavares
· U-16 Hospital Doctor Ship Assistance Montenegro
· U-18 Ship Assistance Hospital Oswaldo Cruz
· U-19 Ship Assistance Hospital Carlos Chagas
OM subordinated to CFAOC
River station of Porto Velho
Agency of River Tefé
Agency of River Eirunepé
Agency of Boca do Acre River
Agency of River Guajará Mirim
Agency of Itacoatiara River
Agency of Parintins River