100% Information Literacy Success: Chapter One
- Information Literacy Overview
- Define: Define the need, problem or question
- Find: Locate, access, and retrieve the information from a variety of sources
- Evaluate: Assess the credibility, currency, reliability, validity, and appropriateness of the information retrieved.
- Organize: Compile the information so it can be used to meet the information need, solve the problem, or answer the question.
- Communicate: Communicate the information legally and ethically
- Critical thinking strategies
- Infer: to draw conclusions from evidence or facts
- Analyze: to break things done into their constituent parts and see how each part relates to the whole.
- Evaluate: to examine critically based on a given set of criteria. [We do not always know what these criteria are. Think about writing your thesis. Need to be open to new sources information and feedback in order to grow and make new connections.]
- Interpret: to comprehend the meaning or significance of something.
- Explain: to convey what you have you have learned to others
- Synthesize: to combine, after you have analyzed, separate thoughts to form a concept. This is where real creativity plays a role. This is where many students fall down. Think of Steve H. His treaty paper had no original thoughts. He analyzed the obvious and drew no new conclusions.
- Creative Thinking
- What is it?
- Exploring possibilities, generating alternatives, openness to change, looking at old concepts in new ways, or combining ideas to create something new.
- [The seed of creativity is curiosity. What do you want to know? What are your questions?]
- Imagination. Do not fear to express yourself. Think outside the box.
- Problem Solving
- Define the problem
- Look for the real causes. Look for multiple perspectives.
- Develop solution alternatives
- Evaluate each of the alternatives
- Implement the solution with the most promise
- Evaluate the results
- Higher-Order Thinking (Bloom’s Taxonomy)
- Knowledge, comprehension, application, Analysis, synthesis, evaluation.
- Knowledge: define, indentify, describe, recognize, label, list, match, name, outline, recall
- Comprehension: explain, generalize, extend, comprehend, give examples, summarize, translate, paraphrase, rewrite
- Analyze: break down, infer, separate, diagram, differentiate, contrast, compare
- Synthesize: Categorize, generate, design, devise, compile, rearrange, reorganize, revise, reconstruct, combine, write, tell
- Evaluate: Conclude, defend, critique, discriminate, judge, interpret, justify, support
- Effective Communication
- Discourse communities
- Use visual elements in communicating an idea
- Use a variety of technologies
- Organization
- Organizational strategies
- Print and electronic file management
- Time management
- Break down complex tasks into manageable objectives
- Use a variety of graphic organizers
- Information Literacy is an umbrella term
- Computer literacy: basic understanding of how a computer works and how it can be used to complete a task
- Library literacy: knowledge of different information resources “housed” in the library [amazing choice of words]. Clarifies: physically or electronically.
- Important aspect of library literacy is knowing which technology is most appropriate for the task
- I would argue that we teach library literacy, not info lit.
- Media literacy
- Ability to decode, analyze, evaluate and produce communication in a variety of forms
- “The information literate individual must understand the many options available (technologies) and know how to translate the information into the best choice.
- Know when a visual image is the best way to convey an idea
- Must understand how to find, create, format, alter, and embed visual elements into a message
- Technology literacy
- Must be able to use a variety of technologies to find and access info, as well as to effectively organize, use, and communicate information.
- Use computer software, the Web, etc
- Why is information literacy important?
- We know that technology is available, but do we know how to harness this technology to solve our problems and answer our questions?
- Students who are not information literate face an uphill battle and numerous problems, such as:
- Using biased sources
- Being disorganized which wastes valuable time
- Communicate ineffectively
- Uses inaccurate or outdated information
- Asking the wrong questions
- Step in effective research
A. Define the need
- May be a task to be performed, a question that must be answered, or a problem to be solved.
- Questions to ask
a) What kind of information? (facts, figures, stats, opinions, sides of an issue, historical/background, primary, secondary
b) How much information do I need?
c) What parameters should I follow? (In other words, how might I limit my search: time period, geography, age or gender, point of view, etc)
d) Who is your audience? (Pride. Tapping into peer influence, etc)
B. Find the Information
- Customize your search strategy.
- Questions to ask
a) What information sources should I use?
b) Where do I find these resources?
c) How do I search for the information within each resource? [This is where we spend most of our time]
d) How should I retrieve the information that I find?
e) How should I manage the information that I retrieve? (refworks, delicious, zotero)
C. Evaluate the information
- Is the information reliable, valid, accurate, and bias free?
- Does the information meet your information need?
D. Organize the Information
- Keeping information organized as it is collected simplifies the evaluation process.
- Information must also be organized in order to be communicated.
E. Communicate the information
- How do I properly cite the resources I use?
- Who is my audience?