1.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2731-2735 (2011)

1.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2731-2735 (2011)

Identification and differential distribution of the prostatic interstitial cells in the mouse prostate: Implications for prostate-specific diseases

Brody, K.M., Ziogas, J. and Kusljic, S.

Department of Nursing, University of Melbourne, Carlton, Victoria, Australia. E mail:

Abstract: Smooth muscle tone of the prostate is dependent on the pacemaker activity arising from prostatic interstitial cells (PICs) and sympathetic nerves releasing noradrenaline which acts upon α-adrenergic receptors. PICs have been identified in the guinea-pig, human and rat prostate gland, and have been suggested as a potential new therapeutic target. The activity of PICs appears to be dependent on the signal transduction through c-Kit which is now recognized as a PICs specific marker. The aim of the present study was to identify PICs in the mouse prostate and investigate their relationship with sympathetic nerves. Male C57BL/6J mice were sacrificed by cervical dislocation and the prostate was excised through an abdominal incision. The individual lobes were separated and processed for c-Kit and tyrosine hydroxylase immunohistochemistry. Confocal microscopy of the mouse prostatic lobes showed c Kit immunofluorescence indicating that these c-Kit positive cells had a stellate-shaped aspect in the dorsal and anterior lobes of the mouse prostate. By contrast, the ventral lobe did not contain PICs. Labelling of prostate tissue with tyrosine hydroxylase revealed that the tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactive fibres coarsed through the smooth muscle layer of the prostate gland, but they don’t seem to be associated with the PICs. We postulate that the PICs communicate with noradrenergic nerves via intercellular communication proteins, specifically the connexin 43. Future experiments are needed to fully characterize the nature of this connection by identifying intercellular communication proteins involved in the PICs communication with each other, smooth muscle cells and nerves.

Key words: Mouse model, Prostatic interstitial cells, Prostate-specific diseases

2.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2737-2740 (2011)

Non alcohalic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) aggravates inflammation in metabolic syndrome

Haque, S.F., Ahmed, A., Zafar, K.S. and Khan A.S.

Department of Medicine, AligarhMuslimUniversity, Aligarh 202 002, E.mail:

Abstract: Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) is a common comorbid cardio vascular risk in patients with metabolic syndrome. Sub-clinical inflammation, endothelial dysfunction and lipid abnormalities being the potential underlying mechanism.The aim of present study was to evaluate correlation, between cardiovascular risk factors and high-sensitvity-CRP and TNF-α in patients with metabolic syndrome having NAFLD. The metabolic syndrome was diagnosed as per NCEP-ATP III-criteria. Inflammatory markers were estimated by ELISA. All statistical data were analyzed by using SPSS version 12.0. Scheffe’s post-hoc analysis with ANOVA was used for comparing data of different groups. Value of p<0.05 at 95% confidence interval was considered significant.Significant correlation of CRP and TNF-α was found with smoking, hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, obesity and metabolic syndrome, with increasing grades of non-alcohalic fatty liver disease. Metabolic syndrome and its components have been consistently associated with the presence of low grade systemic inflammation (LGSI). This study validates the relationship between inflammatory markers and metabolic syndrome in patients with Non-alchlic fatty liver disease.

Key words: Non alcoholic fatty liver disease, Inflammamatory markers, metabolic syndrome

3.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2741-2750 (2011)

In vitro differentiation of primordial germ cells from mouse embryonic stem cell in presence of different concentrations of bone morphogenetic protein 4

Ghasemi, H.H., Pasbakhsh, P., Amidi, F., Soleimani, M., Frozandeh, M., Sobhani, A. and Sobhani, A.

Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Poursina Street, Tehran, Iran E. mail: .i

Abstract: Purpose of this study was to determine optimal dose of BMP4 and its time period on differentiation Primordial Germ Cells (PGCs) from mouse Embryonic Stem Cells (mESCs) in vitro. To differentiate PGCs, Embryoid Bodies (EBs) from mouse ES cells were cultured in concentrations 0, 10, 50 and 100 ng/ml BMP4 at different time intervals. Viability of PGCs was assayed by MTT. Also, germ cell markers were analyzed by flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and Real Time PCR. There were significant differences between BMP4 at 10 ng/ml and 100 ng/ml concentrations on the fourth day. Data of flow cytometry demonstrated that most of Mvh-positive cells were observed in D4B10. Result of Real time PCR illustrated that expression of gene Oct-4 in the control groups was high and it gradually decreased with adding concentrations 10 and 50 ng/ml of BMP4. Expression of Stella with BMP4 concentration of 100 ng/ml was considerably decreased. Expression of Mvh with BMP4 concentrations of 0and 100 ng/ml was none. However, the maximum expression of Mvh was observed in D4B10 and this increase was not significant. Results indicate low concentration of BMP4 (10 ng/ml) at day 4th had the optimal effects on differentiation of PGCs from mESC.

Key words: BMP4, Embryoid Bodies, Mouse embryonic stem cells

4.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2751-2758 (2011)

Protective efficacy of andrographolide on7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene induced genotoxicityin bone marrow cells of golden Syrian hamsters

Manoharan, S., Singh, A.K., Suresh, K., Silvan, S., Baskaran, N., Manoj Prabhakar, M.and Karthikeyan, S.

Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, AnnamalaiUniversity, Annamalainagar 608 002, Tamil Nadu.

E. mail:

Abstract: Aim of the present study was to investigate the anticlastogenic and antigenotoxic effect of andrographolide in the bone marrow cells of golden Syrian hamsters treated with 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). The frequency of bone marrow micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCEs) was used as cytogenetic end point to assess the anticlastogenic effect of andrographolide in hamsters treated with DMBA. The antigenotoxic potential of andrographolide was assessed by analyzing the DNA damage in hamsters treated with DMBA using Single cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). The status of phase I (cytochromes P450 and b5) and phase II [glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and reduced glutathione (GSH)] detoxification agents, lipid peroxidation by-products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substance [TBARS]) and antioxidants [glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and GSH] were used as supportive biochemical end points to assess the antigenotoxic and anticlastogenic effect of andrographolide in hamsters treated with DMBA. We noticed elevated MnPCEs frequency, increased DNA damage (bone marrow) and an increase in the status of liver phase I and phase II detoxification agents, and plasma lipid peroxidation by-products and antioxidants in hamsters treated with DMBA alone. Oral pretreatment of andrographolide for five days to hamsters treated with DMBA significantly protected DMBA induced clastogenesis and genotoxicity as well as above said biochemical abnormalities. The present study thus demonstrated the anticlastogenic and antigenotoxic potential of andrographolide in the bone marrow cells of hamsters treated with DMBA.

Key words: Andrographolide, Antioxidants, Comet assay, DMBA, Genotoxicity

5.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2759-2764 (2011)

Geraniol protects cell surface glycoconjugates abnormalities during 7, 12-dimethylbenz (a) anthracene induced oral carcinogenesis

Vinothkumar, V., Manoharan, S., Palanimuthu, D., Rajasekaran, D., Srinivasan, R. and Afaq Wani, S.

Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, AnnamalaiUniversity,

Annamalainagar-608 002, Tamil Nadu. E. mail:

Abstract: The study reveals the protective effect of geraniol on 7, 12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA) induced abnormalities in cell surface glycoconjugates (protein bound hexose, hexosamine, total sialic acid and fucose) in the plasma and buccal mucosa of golden Syrian hamsters. Oral squamous cell carcinoma was developed in the buccal pouch of male golden Syrian hamsters by painting with 0.5% DMBA in liquid paraffin three times a week for 14 weeks. Glycoconjugates status was assessed both biochemically and histologically in the buccal mucosa of DMBA painted hamsters. Plasma and buccal mucosa glycoconjugates were increased in hamsters painted with DMBA alone. Oral administration of geraniol at a dose of 250 mg/kg bw to DMBA painted hamsters for 14 weeks brought back the status of glycoconjugates to near normal range. Our results thus suggest that geraniol has the ability to protect cell surface glycoconjugates abnormalities during DMBA induced hamster buccal pouch carcinogenesis.

Key words: Glycoconjugates, Oral cancer, Geraniol, DMBA.

6.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2765-2770 (2011)

Peroxisome proliferator–activated gamma (PPAR–γ) agonists improves metabolic parameters and vascular inflammation in patients with chronic kidney disease

Khan, R., Khan, A.S., Haque, S.F., Quaiser, S. and Kumar, A.

Department of Medicine, JawaharlalNehruMedicalCollege, AligarhMuslimUniversity, Aligarh.

E. mail: ones: 09412517518

Abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated gamma (PPAR-γ) receptors are expressed in many tissues of the body including the kidneys. PPAR-γ agonists like glitazones (e.g. Pioglitazone and Rosiglitazone) and angiotensin-1 receptor blockers (e.g. Telmisartan), exert several beneficial effects on kidney in different pathological conditions such as diabetic nephropathy, non diabetic renal diseases and uremia related cardiovascular risk factors in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The study was an attempt to evaluate certain metabolic, vascular and inflammatory parameters in CKD and to compare the effects of different PPAR-γ agonists like pioglitazone and telmisartan on these parameters. In this prospective (case control), parallel group, observational study, 40 patients of CKD, irrespective of the etiology were recruited and followed up for three months. The data was analysed and the results were given in percentage in accordance with previous related studies. The majority of metabolic, vascular and inflammatory markers taken in our study (Blood urea, nitrogen, serum creatinine, serum triglycerides, serum HDL, urinary albumin, carotid intimal media thickness, CRP and TNF-α) depicted statistically significant difference in pre- and post-treatment values with treatment with either telmisartan or pioglitazone or with both telmisartan and pioglitazone over control group. The study showed that both telmisartan (partial PPAR-γ agonist) and pioglitazone (full PPAR-γ agonist) exert significant beneficial effects in CKD patients, through alteration of various inflammatory, metabolic and vascular markers.

Key words:Chronic Kidney Disease, Peroxisome Proliferator-activated gamma receptors

7.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2771-2774 (2011)

Reduced media salt concentration improves in vitro rooting in Indian Pennywort, Centella asiatica (l) Urban

Hanumantharaya, B.G., Sathyanarayana, B.N. and Waman A.A.

Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Department of Horticulture, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru 560065. E mail:

Abstract: Micropropagation involves a high establishment and operational cost. In plant species where the market price is comparatively low, it becomes difficult to supply the plants at cheaper rate. Centella asiatica is one of such important threatened medicinal plant species which has good demand but fetches low price in market. Thus, efforts were initiated to test the performance of cultures at reduced media salt concentrations and using market grade sugar as carbon source. Results revealed that, reduced media salts improved the rooting process apart from reducing cost of production. Quarter strength Murashige and Skoog’s media was found to be superior over half strength media for all the rooting parameters such as, number of days for rooting, percent rooting, number and length of primary and secondary roots. Quality of roots produced using quarter strength media was also observed to be better than half strength media.

Key words:Centella asiatica, Cost reduction micropropagation

8.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2775-2780 (2011)

Purification and characterization of α-amylase produced by Aspergillus niger using banana peels

Kiran Kumar, V., Ravi Sankar, N., Shailaja, R., Saritha, K., Siddhartha, E., Ramya, S., Giridhar, D. and Sahaja, R.V.

Microbiology laboratory, Global Institute of Biotechnology, Hyderabad-500029. E. mail:

Abstract: The present study was aimed at purification and characterization of α-amylase enzyme from strain of Aspergillus niger isolated from local soil samples. Solid state fermentation (SSF) was carried out to produce α-amylase from A. niger using waste banana peel as substrate. The maximum activity of α-amylase (11926 U/gds) was recorded after 72 hours of fermentation. The extracted enzyme was subjected to purification by ammonium sulphate precipitation, sephadex G-100 gel and through ion exchange chromatography. Through the process 15.3-fold increase in purity with a specific activity of 158.7 U/mg proteins was obtained. The molecular weight of the enzyme determined by SDS-PAGE was found to be 61 kDa. The enzyme was optimally active at pH 5 and 50°C, starch as substrate. This enzyme was almost 60% stable at 600C even after 50 minutes of incubation. It was strongly activated by metal ions such as Mn2+ and Fe2+.

Key words:α-amylase, Aspergillus niger, Banana peels

9.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2781-2784 (2011)

Anti-inflammatory activity of Ceiba pentandra l. seed extracts

Alagawadi, K.R., and Shah, A.S.

Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, KLEU’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum, Karnataka.

E. mail: .

Abstract: Present study was carried out to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effects of petroleum ether and ethanolic extract of the seeds of Ceiba pentandra (L). Gaertn. (Bombacaceae) commonly known as silk cotton tree. The plant has been used as antibacterial, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic,for rheumatism, diabetes and in headache in Indian system of traditional medicine. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed by induction of carrageenan in left hind paw. CPE and CPO at both administered doses of 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/kg reduced paw edema volume significantly. These results clearly show anti-inflammatory effect of seed extracts. Further studies are needed to isolate phytoconstituent(s) responsible for anti-inflammatory effect.

Key words:Ceiba pentandra, Anti-inflammatory effects

10.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2785-2788 (2011)

Protective effect of Bauhinia variegata extracts on triton induced hyperlipidemia in rats

Biradar, S.S. and Patil, P.A.

Department of Pharmacology, K. L. E. University’s College of Pharmacy, Belgaum 590 010, Karnataka.

E. mail:

Abstract: In hypercholesterolemia, the cholesterol content of erythrocytes, platelets polymorphonuclear leucocytes and endothelial cells increases and this leads to activation and enhanced production of oxygen free radicals. In present study, the extracts of barks of Bauhinia variegata were tested for their hypolipidemic effect on Triton induced hyperlipidemia in rats. It showed significant reduction in total cholesterol and LDL (p < 0.01). The HDL level increased but was not significant. However, after 24 hours of Triton injection, the BV aqueous extract 500 mg/kg and petroleum ether extract 500 mg/kg showed significant rise in HDL (p < 0.05 and p < 0.01 respectively). This study demonstrated that extract of BV were effective against Triton induced hyperlipidemia in rats.

Key words:Bauhinia variegata, Hyperlipidemia

11.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2789-2794 (2011)

Antioxidant potential of seasonal fruits in fluoride toxicity: An in vitro study

Rupal, A.V. and Narasimhacharya, A.V.R.L

Laboratory for Animal Sciences, Department of Biosciences, SardarPatelUniversity, Vallabh

Vidyanagar -388 120, Gujarat. E. mail :

Abstract: The present study was undertaken to investigate the antioxidant potential of ethanolic extracts of four fruits - Indian gooseberry, mango, star fruit and wood apple on the oxidative changes in hepatic tissue exposed to sodium fluoride in vitro. Liver homogenates were exposed to NaF and subsequently treated with ethanolic extracts of fruits and the levels of antioxidants (ascorbic acid, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase) and lipid peroxidation (TBARS) were determined. Results indicated that of the four fruits tested, gooseberry exhibited a maximum potency in reducing the lipid peroxidation (56.70%) and increased the antioxidants - TAA, SOD, CAT, GsH and GPX where as wood apple was found to possess a comparatively low antioxidant potential.

Key words: Fluoride toxicity, Fruits antioxidants

12.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2795-2801 (2011)

Caudal fin regeneration is regulated by COX-2 induced PGE2 in teleost fish, Poecilia latipinna

Anusree, P., Saradamba, A., Tailor, N., Desai, I. and Suresh, B.

Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, The Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda,

Vadodara- 390 002; E-mail: ,

Abstract: Regeneration is a fundamental attribute of all living things, whether it is simple tissue restoration or the complete replacement of lost body parts, such as limb, tail or even head. Prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) is known to play a cardinal role in wound healing, cell proliferation, cell migration and differentiation. However, insufficient reports are there suggesting the involvement of PGE2 in regeneration. In the present work, role of PGE2 in fin regeneration of teleost fish, Poecilia latipinna, was worked out by inhibiting cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), an upstream modulator of PGE2, using a selective COX-2 inhibitor, etoricoxib. The study revealed deranged regenerative process in the PGE2 suppressed animals. Further, an apparent reduction in the nucleic acids and protein content in the regenerates was observed which in turn might have hindered the early regenerative process. PAGE profile revealed alteration in proteins having molecular weights ranging from 42-44KDa. Thus evidently, PGE2 does influence the process of epimorphic regeneration in teleost fish. However, the exact pathway by which PGE2 exerts its mitogenic influence needs to be further evaluated and finer mechanisms, once worked out, might give insight into how an evolutionary conserved regulator of epimorphic regeneration is parted way for the advanced wound healing mechanism developed in recently evolved organisms.

Key words: Epimorphic regeneration, Teleost, COX-2, Prostaglandin E2

13.Journal of Cell and Tissue Research Vol. 11(2): 2803-2808 (2011)

Adventitious plant regeneration and transient GUS-gene expression in Jjatropha curcas (L.)

Saharan, V., Patel, B., Shah, M.A., Ranwah, B.R., Chabra, K., Shrimali, D. and Shukla, K.B.

Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, Maharana Pratap University of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur 300 001, Rajasthan.E.mail:

Abstract: Efficient plant regeneration and transient gus (b-glucuronidase) gene expression was achieved in Jatropha curcas (L) using leaf explants derived from 3.5 years old Jatropha plants. MS basal salts fortified with 1.0 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l Kin promoted 54.4 % adventitious shoot induction. Multiplication and elongation of microshoots were achieved on MS basal salts + 0.5 mg/l BAP + 0.5 mg/l Kin + 0.25 mg/l IAA and 0.25 mg/l GA3. The leaf explants infected with Agrobacterium strain EHA 105, harbouring pBI121 vector was used for standerization of transformation protocol.