( )1.Every Computer Today Is Based on the Von Neumann Model

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計算機概論

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一、是非題(每題1分)

( )1.Every computer today is based on the von Neumann model.

( )2. A computer is a programmable data processor that accepts input data and programs and outputs data.

( )3. Memory, arithmetic logic unit,control unit, and program are the four subsystems of the von Neumann model.

( )4. The von Neumann model states that the program must be stored in memory.

( )5. A program is made of a finite number of instructions andthese instructions are executed sequentially.

( )6.A step-by-step solution to a program is called an algorithm.

( )7. A byte is 8 bits.

( )8.A byte is the smallest unit of data that can be stored in a computer.

( )9. Complementing a number means to convert each 1 to 0 and each 0 to 1.

( )10. There are two 0s in sign-and-magnitude representation.

( )11. In sign-and-magnitude representation, the leftmost bit defines the sign of the number.If it is 0, the number isnegative.If it is 1, the number is positive.

( )12.Unsigned numbers are commonly used for counting and addressing.

( )13. If a computer has 64 MB (megabytes) of memory, it means we need 25bits to address each byte.

( )14. The 80-20 rule means most computers spend 80 percent of the time accessing only 20 percent of the data.

( )15.The CPU has only three parts: an ALU, a control unit, and a cachememory.

( )16.A magnetic disk is considered a random access device.

( )17.The seek time of a disk defines the time to move data from the disk to the CPU/memory.

( )18. The capacity of DVD is about 650MB.

( )19.The CPU and memory are normally connected by three groups of wires, each called a bus: data bus, address bus, and control bus.

( )20. The term overflow describes a condition in which a number is not within the range defined by the bit allocation.

( )21.In the isolated I/O, all memory instructions can be used by the I/O devices.

( )22.A simplified machine cycle can consist of three steps: fetch, encode, and execute.

( )23. A model is a set of rules that controls the interaction of different devices in a network or internetwork.

( )24.To set a bit in a target bit pattern, set the corresponding mask bit to 1 and use the AND operator.

( )25. A computer network is a combination of devices connected by transmission media.

( )26. A protocol is a set of rules that controls the interaction of different devices in a network or internetwork.

( )27. The application layer of the OSI model enables a person to access the network.

( )28.In extended ASCII, each symbol is 7 bits.

( )29. Bridges operate at the first three layers of the OSI model.

( )30. A gateway is a connecting device that acts as a protocol converter.

( )31. Multiprogramming means there are multiple CPUs on the same machine.

( )32. A modern operating system has at least four duties: memory manager, process manager, device manager, and file manager.

( )33. The smallest storage area on a magnetic disk that can be accessed at one time is a frame.

( )34. Paging is a memory management technique belonging to the swapping category.

( )35.A job is a program in execution.

( )36. A program becomes a process when selected by the operating system and brought to the hold state.

( )37. Starvation occurs when the operating system does not put resource restrictions on processes.

( )38. The sum of the sizes of all the programs in memory is virtual memory.

( )39.Jobs and processes wait in queues.

( )40. The device manager controls access to I/O devices.

( )41. An algorithm is an ordered set of ambiguous steps that produces a result and terminates in a finite time.

( )42. A program is a combination of sequence constructs, decision constructs, and repetition constructs.

( )43. Pseudocode is an Englishlike representation of an algorithm.

( )44. Binary search is used for unordered lists.

( )45.An iterative algorithm involves the algorithm itself.

( )46.The only language understood by a computer is machine language.

( )47. In a functional language, the algorithm is mathematical in nature. Prolog is a functional language.

( )48. An expression is a sequence of operands and operators that reduces to a single value.

( )49. A statement is a name for a memory location.

( )50.The steps to building a program include writing, editing, compiling and linking code.

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二、選擇題 (每題1分)

( )1. A step-by-step solution to a problem is called .

(A) hardware(B) an operating system

( )2. is a protocol for mail services.

(A) FTP(B) SMTP(C) TELNET(D) HTTP

( )3. The IP address is currently bits in length.

(A) 4(B) 8(C) 32(D) any of the above

( )4. The precision of the factional number stored in a computer is defined by the

(A) sign(B) exponent(C) mantissa(D) any of the above

( )5. Which topology uses a hub or switch?

(A) bus(B) ring(C) star(D) all of the above

( )6. A operating system is needed for jobs shared between distant connected computers.

(A) batch(B) time-sharing

( )7. Multiprogramming requires a operating system.

(A) batch(B) time-sharing

( )8. When you want to download music to a computer, the audio signal must be .

(A) sampled(B) quantized

( )9. The data in are erased if the computer powered down.

(A) RAM(B) ROM(C) a tape drive(D) a CD-ROM

( )10. The manager of operating systems is responsible for searching and backup.

(A) memory(B) process(C)device(D) file

( )11. The construct tests a condition.

(A) sequence(B) decision(C) repetition(D) logical

( )12. can occur if a process has too many resource restrictions.

(A) Starvation(B) Synchronization

( )13. is a common language in the business environment.

(A) FORTRAN(B) COBOL(C) C++(D) LISP

( )14. is a basic algorithm in which you want to find the location of a target in a list of items.

(A) Sorting(B) Searching

( )15. is a basic algorithm that arranges data according to their values.

(A) Sorting(B) Searching

( )16. is a memory type with traditional flip-flop gates to hold data.

(A)SRAM(B) DRAM(C) ROM(D) all of the above

( )17. In Excess_X number representation, what is usually the relationship between X and N, the bit allocation?.

(A) X = 2N-1(B) X = 2N+1(C) X = 2N-1-1(D) X = 2N-1+1

( )18. The software used to write a program is called a .

(A) preprocessor(B) text editor

( )19. The assembles precompiled units from different sources into an executable program.

(A) preprocessor(B) text editor

( )20. is a pictorial representation of an algorithm.

(A) A flowchart(B) A structure chart

三、計算題:(每題2分，第十四題4分)

What is the bit pattern for x2A34?

Ans:

Show the octal equivalent of the bit pattern 1110101110010.

Ans:

Convert the decimal number 135 to binary.

Ans:

Store –135 in a 16-bit memory location using two’s complement representation.

Ans:

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Interpret 10110110 in decimal if the number was stored as a one’s complement integer.

Ans:

Use a mask to flip the 5 leftmost bits of a pattern. Test the mask with the pattern 10100110.

Ans:

Target1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
Mask
------
Result

Use a mask to unset (clear) the 5 rightmost bits of a pattern. Test the mask with the pattern 10100110.

Ans:

Target1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0
Mask
------
Result

Change the following decimal fractions into binary fractions.

112.640625

Ans:

Interpret the following 32-bit floating-point number

1 10001101 01000111001000000000000

Ans:

Show the result of the following operation. (show the bit pattern)

x99 XOR xFF

Ans:

Show the result of the following operation. (show the bit pattern)

NOT x99

Ans:

Show the result of the following operations using IEEE format.

x9111111 + x211111

Ans:

Write an algorithm to solve the factorial problemrecursively.

Ans:

Factorial

Input: A positive integer num

if (num is equal to 0)
then
1.1 return
else
1.2 return
End if

End

(4分) Using the bubble sort algorithm, manually sort the following list and show your work in each pass: 14 7 1 31 40 46 78 9 2

Ans:

(1)14 7 1 31 40 46 78 9 2

(2)1

(3)1 2

(4)1 2 7

(5)1 2 7 9

(6)1 2 7 9 14

(7)1 2 7 9 14 31

(8)1 2 7 9 14 31 40

(9)1 2 7 9 14 31 40 46

(10)1 2 7 9 14 31 40 46 78