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willoughby7_tb_ch02
True/False
1. All music includes the elements of sound and time.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
2. All music must be pretty or beautiful.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
3. Music can have a larger purpose than to sound pleasing.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
4. A good definition for music includes subjective factors.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
5. The physical characteristics of music involve physics, mathematics, and engineering.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
6. The science of acoustics is typically not used with musical instrument construction.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
7. Porous materials will bounce sound waves around a room.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
8. Dense materials will absorb sound waves.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
9. Music that lacks forward energy may seem static.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
10. As opposed to highly structured art music, children’s songs rarely communicate a wide range of feelings.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
11. Music should never be used as purely functional.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
12. Music can have attributes of both folk and classical music.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
13. Generally, Western European music is the only style we consider art music.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
14. Music from any culture is a reflection of the society that created it.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
15. The existence of music among all peoples is a fairly recent event in history.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
16. Musical languages, styles, and functions really differ very little among various cultures.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
17. All cultures have music because of its power to stimulate emotional responses.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
18. Aesthetic responses can be universal or culture-specific.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
19. Music can evoke unpleasant associations.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
20. Music therapists use music to alter people’s feelings.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
21. Background music promotes passive listening.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
22. Public performers rarely need a motivating force.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
23. Performing has its own creative element.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
24. A performer’s interpretation should not add anything to a composer’s notation.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
25. Performing can be intended only for the performers themselves.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
26. Many people will learn to read music notation.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
27. The elements of music are pitch, duration, loudness, and melody.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
28. Small, thin instruments are higher in pitch than big, wide instruments.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
29. Placing accents on weak beats or parts of beats produces syncopation.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
30. The loudness or softness of music is referred to as timbre.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 1
31. Variety creates a sense of contrast.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 2
32. Repetition creates a sense of contrast.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
33. An unstable feeling will drive the music forward to a point of relative stability.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
34. Many American popular and religious songs are written in verse-chorus form.
Ans: True
Difficulty Level: 1
35. Twelve-bar blues is a form derived from a style of American folk song called jazz.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
36. Much 20th century classical music emphasizes melody over rhythm and timbre.
Ans: False
Difficulty Level: 2
Multiple Choice
37. Music is:
A. sound that is pleasing to the ear
B. sound and silence organized in time
C. sound you want to hear as music
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
38. ______can be used to create music.
A. Noise
B. Non-singable melodies
C. Silence
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
39. The principles of acoustics can involve such terms as:
A. frequency range
B. echo
C. graphic equalizers
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 2
40. An audio enthusiast will want a speaker system with the ______frequency response.
A. narrowest
B. smallest
C. widest
D. none of these
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
41. Acoustical engineers design auditoriums according to principles like:
A. resonance and reverberation
B. graphic equalization
C. signal to noise ratio
D. none of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 3
42. The acoustics of a room are considered ______when sound waves are absorbed.
A. excellent
B. dead
C. damaged
D. live
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 3
43. To appreciate music it is important to ______what happened before, and ______what is about to happen.
A. forget/notice
B. anticipate/remember
C. remember/anticipate
D. judge/evaluate
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
44. Music is an art and:
A. a science
B. not a science
C. a pseudoscience
D. none of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 1
45. Regardless of its style, good music:
A. is short-lived
B. lasts
C. has universal appeal
D. both b and c
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 2
46. A great piece of music encourages repeated:
A. listening
B. study
C. performance
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
47. Musical stylistic differences among cultures come from:
A. reasons for the use of music
B. different instruments
C. different ways of creating music
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
48. Music can stimulate:
A. physical reactions
B. physiological reactions
C. both a and b
D. neither a nor b
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
49. Music therapists can help people:
A. find a job
B. improve their self esteem
C. find a spouse
D. become better musicians
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 1
50. ______in music is the use of written symbols to represent musical sounds.
A. Symbolology
B. Timbre
C. Frequency
D. Notation
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 2
51. Most creators usually create music that is:
A. good music
B. culturally-detached
C. culture-specific
D. abstract
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 1
52. Which of the following makes more use of improvisation?
A. jazz music
B. orchestral music
C. band music
D. none make use of it
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 2
53. When people perceive a single tone we call it:
A. melody
B. timbre
C. pitch
D. harmony
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
54. The ______the frequency, the higher the pitch; the ______the frequency, the lower the pitch.
A. faster/slower
B. calmer/higher
C. sharper/smoother
D. none of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 1
55. A sequence of pitches occurring one after another is perceived:
A. horizontally
B. vertically
C. texturally
D. mechanically
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 2
56. Instrumental melodies usually can have ______than vocal melodies.
A. wider ranges
B. wider skips
C. greater complexity
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
57. Tonality refers to:
A. the tonal center of a key
B. the melodic contour
C. the harmonic texture
D. none of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 1
58. Harmony is perceived:
A. horizontally
B. vertically
C. texturally
D. none of these
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 2
59. The system of using chords in American music is known as:
A. notation
B. contrast
C. melody
D. harmony
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
60. We usually hear three or more simultaneous sounds as a:
A. chord
B. rhythm
C. timbre
D. all of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 2
61. Music moves through:
A. space
B. dimensions
C. time
D. all of these
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 1
62. The variety of changes in the duration of pitches creates:
A. chaos
B. rhythm
C. the beat
D. tempo
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 3
63. Pulse refers to the ______of the music.
A. beat
B. tempo
C. loudness
D. meter
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 3
64. Strong, weak, strong, weak is an example of:
A. bad timing
B. triple meter
C. duple meter
D. mixed meter
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
65. Strong, weak, weak, strong, weak, weak is an example of:
A. bad timing
B. mixed meter
C. duple meter
D. triple meter
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 2
66. ______music has no pulse, a weak pulse, or an irregular pulse.
A. Bluegrass
B. Orchestral
C. Metric
D. Nonmetric
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 2
67. ______has a clear pulse, with strong beats occurring in different patterns.
A. Mixed meter
B. Duple meter
C. Triple meter
D. none of these
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 2
68. ______intensity generates a louder sound.
A. Lesser
B. Fluctuating
C. Greater
D. Consistent
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 1
69. In Western classical music instruments are classified according to their:
A. range
B. color
C. size
D. timbre
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 2
70. Tension followed by a release of tension produces:
A. chaos
B. static motion
C. forward energy
D. both a and c
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 2
71. Texture in Western music can refer to:
A. thick and full
B. thin and transparent
C. both a and b
D. neither a or b
Ans: C
Difficulty Level: 1
72. Form is frequently depicted by:
A. letter names (AB, ABACA)
B. shapes of instruments
C. repeat signs
D. periods in history
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 2
73. 32-bar song form is found in:
A. art songs
B. religious music
C. folk songs
D. all of these
Ans: D
Difficulty Level: 1
74. ______give a feeling of temporarily stopping with the sense that the music will continue.
A. Closed cadences
B. Open cadences
C. Tensions
D. Dynamics
Ans: B
Difficulty Level: 2
75. ______convey a strong feeling of finality.
A. Closed cadences
B. Open cadences
C. Tensions
D. Dynamics
Ans: A
Difficulty Level: 1
Short Answer
76. Name some non-traditional sounds that have been used in organized music.
Ans: rain, waterfall, birds, whales
Difficulty Level: 2
77. Name an area where one sees the use of acoustics.
Ans: room design, concert hall design, stereo specs, sound reinforcement, computer music performance, medical technology, instrument construction
Difficulty Level: 1
78. Name an area where medical technology uses the science of acoustics.
Ans: sonar diagnostics and treatment
Difficulty Level: 3
79. Why is music considered an aural phenomenon?
Ans: we listen and respond to it as sound
Difficulty Level: 2
80. Which is more common today, creating music that will last for generations, or creating music for immediate consumption?
Ans: immediate consumption
Difficulty Level: 1
81. Name an area or placein which someone with a degree in music therapy may work.
Ans: mental health clinics, hospitals, public schools, private practice
Difficulty Level: 2
82. List three contributing factors as to why music changes.
Ans: society changes, people’s needs and tastes change, new or refined instruments, new ways of creating, artists’ innate need to grow
Difficulty Level: 2
83. The creative process has two general steps, regardless of style. What are they?
Ans: choosing elements of sound, and organizing them to achieve a result
Difficulty Level: 2
84. What is the most important part of developing an appreciation for any type of music?
Ans: active listening
Difficulty Level: 2
85. Where do we hear examples of white noise?
Ans: possible answers include static on a radio, roar of a waterfall
Difficulty Level: 2
86. List three levels of duration by which we perceive music.
Ans: possible answers include length of an entire piece, a section of a piece, a phrase, an individual tone
Difficulty Level: 3
87. What are the four classifications of the instruments of the orchestra?
Ans: strings, brass, woodwinds, percussion
Difficulty Level: 2
88. Name three ways musical tension is created.
Ans: possible answers include increase in harmonic or rhythmic complexity, increase in dynamic level, a rise in the pitch of a melody, a key change, increase in thickness or density of the sound
Difficulty Level: 3
89. Name three ways a release of tension is accomplished.
Ans: possible answers include returning from complex to simple, from high to low, from loud to soft, from less comfortable to more comfortable sounds
Difficulty Level: 3
90. What is the smallest group of notes having an identifiable character?
Ans: a motive
Difficulty Level: 1
Matching 1
Match the musical term with the corresponding phrase.
91. acoustics::the science of sound and the physical basis of music
92. frequency::the rate of speed of sound waves
93. momentum::helps music move forward
94. folk music::music for the masses
95. classical music::music for the elite
96. aesthetics::the study of the emotional and expressive aspects of music
97. background music::can improve our feelings when we’re alone
98. score::when music is notated
99. improvised::simultaneously created and performed
100. perceptive listening::listening to music attentively
Matching 2
Match the musical term with the corresponding phrase.
101. pitch::the relative highness or lowness of sound
102. duration::how long a pitch lasts
103. loudness::determined by intensity or energy
104. tone quality::determined by the shape of sound waves
105. register::an area of the sound spectrum (high, middle, low)
106. white noise::the entire range of frequencies sounding at once
107. silence::the absence of frequencies
108. contour::the shape of a melody
109. scales::a system of organizing pitches
110. theme::a complete musical thought
111. tempo::the rate of speed
112. meter::the organizing of beats
113. bar::one group of beats
114. downbeat::the first beat of each bar
115. accent::increased stress
116. timbre::the distinctive tonal quality of an instrument or voice
117. resolution::the release of tension
118. dissonance::a form of tension
119. consonance::a form of resolution
120. modulation::change of key
121. genre::a type or category of music
122. a capella::vocal only
123. vibrato::the oscillating of a pitch