1. When discussing the roles of budgets, a planning role in the budgeting process includes:
measuring outcomes against planned amounts
developing the master budget
assessing performance
reporting actual amounts at the end of the budgeting period
2. Operating budgets and financial budgets:
combined form the master budget
are prepared before the master budget
are prepared after the master budget
have nothing to do with the master budget
3. Discretionary expenditures:
are usually planned for first
are amounts paid for the use of flexible resources
are not determined by the organization’s level of production
increase in amount during periods of greater activity
4. In ______, as one budget period passes, planners delete that budget period from the master budget and add another one.
zero-based budgeting
periodic budgeting
incremental budgeting
continuous budgeting
5. The following information applies to Questions 5 and 6.
DH Manufacturing produces a single product that sells for $8. Variable (flexible) costs per unit equal $3.20. The company expects the total fixed (capacity-related) costs to be $7,200 for the next month at the projected sales level of 20,000 units. In an attempt to improve performance, management is considering a number of alternative actions. Each situation is to be evaluated separately.
What is the current break-even point in terms of number of units for the next month?
1,500 units
2,250 units
3,333 units
None of the above is correct.

= $7,200 / ($8.00 - $3.20)

= 1,500 units
6. Suppose that DH Manufacturing’s management believes that a $1,600 increase in the monthly advertising expense will result in a considerable increase in sales. How much must sales increase in a month to justify this additional expenditure?
200 units
334 units
500 units
None of the above is correct.
= $1,600 / ($8.00 - $3.20)

= 334 units

7. A favorable cost variance of significant magnitude:
is the result of good planning
may lead to improved production methods if it is investigated
indicates that management does not need to be concerned about lax standards
does not need to be investigated
8. A flexible budget contains:
cost targets for actual output
cost targets for planned output
the difference between planned and actual output
actual costs for actual output
9.
The following Information applies to questions 9 and 10.
Abita Manufacturing has prepared the following flexible budget for October and it is in the process of interpreting the variances. F denotes a favorable variance and U denotes an unfavorable variance.
------Variances------
Flexible BudgetPrice/RateUse/Efficiency
Material A$20,000$1,000 F$3,000 U
Material B30,000500 U1,500 F
Direct labor40,000500 U2,500 F
The most likely explanation of the above variances for Material A is that:
a lower price than expected was paid for Material A
higher quality raw materials were used than were planned
the company used a new supplier
d. Material A used during October was $2,000 less than expected
10. The most likely explanation of the above direct labor variances is that:
the average wage rate paid to employees was less than expected
employees did not work as efficiently as expected to accomplish the job
the company may have assigned more experienced employees this month than originally planned
management may have a problem with budget slack and may be using lax standards for both labor wage rates and expected efficiency
11. The purchase of long-term assets results in all of the following except:
the creation of committed resources
the creation of unit-related costs
additional risk for the organization
reduced organizational flexibility
12. The cost of capital:
reflects the perceived level of risk that investors require
is used to calculate the accounting rate of return
is used to calculate the future value of
is another term for the rate of return
13. The net present value (NPV) capital budgeting decision method:
can be directly compared between alternatives
incorporates the time value of money in the calculations
is based on accounting net income
indicates an acceptable capital project with a negative value
14. On a capital project, a net present value of ($250):
indicates the capital project’s rate of return exceeds the company’s cost of capital
for one project is considered superior to another project with a net present value of $500
indicates the internal rate of return would be unacceptable
indicates cash outflows total $250 for the capital project
15. A 13% internal rate of return (IRR) on a capital project indicates all of the following except:
the actual rate of return of all cash inflows and outflows
that a 13% discount rate will result in the calculation of a net present value of zero
a better indication of acceptable capital projects when there is limited capital than the net present value method
an acceptable capital project if the cost of capital is 14%
16. Which of the following indicates an unacceptable capital project?
The internal rate of return exceeds the cost of capital.
The net present value of a project is 10.
The profitability index of a project is 0.97.
The accounting rate of return exceeds the target rate of return.
17.
THE FOLLOWING INFORMATION APPLIES TO QUESTIONS 17 AND 18.
Consider the following two mutually exclusive projects, each of which requires an initial investment of $30,000 and both provide cash inflows of $60,000 as shown below. This organization has a 15% cost of capital.
YearProject AProject B
0($30,000) ($30,000)
1$30,000$10,000
220,00020,000
3 10,00030,000
Using the payback criterion, which is the most desirable project?
Project A
Project B
Both projects A and B are equally acceptable.
Neither project A or B is acceptable.
18. Using the net present value criterion, which is the most desirable project?
Project A
Project B
Both projects A and B are equally acceptable.
The desirability cannot be determined using the current information.
19.
The following Information applies to questions 19 and 20.
Sollberger Company is now investigating three mutually exclusive investment opportunities. The company’s cost of capital is 10 percent. Information on the three investment projects under study is given below:
123
Initial investment$(40,000)$(36,000)$(45,000)
Net present value$(2,024)$7,340$7,297
Profitability index0.951.201.10
Internal rate of return8%14%19%
Life of the project5 yrs12 yrs3 yrs
Sollberger Company has limited funds available for investment and, therefore, it can’t accept all of the projects listed above.
Which projects are acceptable to Sollberger?
investment 2
investment 3
investment 2 and 3
investment 1, 2, and 3
20. Which single investment do you recommend of these three mutually exclusive projects?
investment 1
investment 2
investment 3
All of these investments could be recommended.