1
Alexander Karatayev et al. Supplementary File 1
Article title: A century of temporal change in a lake benthic community
Journal name: Hydrobiologia
Authors: Alexander Y. Karatayev1, Lyubov E. Burlakova1,2, Jake Vander Zanden 3, Richard C. Lathrop4, and Dianna K. Padilla5
Author affiliations:
1Great Lakes Center, Buffalo State College, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, New York 14222, USA. ; ;
2The Research Foundation of The State University of New York, Buffalo State College, Office of Sponsored Programs, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Bishop Hall B17, Buffalo, New York 14222-1095, USA
3Center for Limnology, University of Wisconsin – Madison, 680 N. Park St., Madison WI 53706, USA.
4Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources, Madison WI 53707, USA.
5Department of Ecology and Evolution, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook NY 11794-5245, USA.
Corresponding author: Dr. Alexander Y. Karatayev, Great Lakes Center, Buffalo State College, 1300 Elmwood Avenue, Buffalo, NY 14222, USA. Telephone: 716-878-20 5423, Fax: 716-878-6644; email:
Supplementary File 1. Average densities of benthic invertebrates in the littoral zone of Lake Mendota in 1914-1915 and 2002-2007.
Supplementary File 2. Results of Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance for (A) density, (B) biomass, and (C) taxon richness of benthic macroinvertebrates in Lake Mendota in 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2007.
Supplementary File 3. Average densities of the major taxa of benthic invertebrates in the sublittoral zone of Lake Mendota in 1951 and 2002-2007.
Supplementary File 4. Average densities of the major taxa of benthic invertebrates in the profundal zone of Lake Mendota from 1917-2007.
1
Alexander Karatayev et al. Supplementary File 1
Supplementary File 1. Average densities of benthic invertebrates in the littoral zone of Lake Mendota in 1914-1915 and 2002-2007.
Because of differences in taxonomic resolution and taxonomic name changes among studies, all data were reconciled to the highest common taxonomic level and old taxonomic names were synonymized with current names (justification provided if taxonomic names were changed). The densities (m-2) of benthic invertebrates in the littoral zone (0-3 m depth) for 1914-1915 are from Muttkowski (1918). He reported mean densities for 0-1, 1-2 and 2-3 m depth ranges over two years for 50 total stations at each depth (150 total samples). We calculated the average of the means for those three depth ranges within the littoral zone. Cell values are the average density ± standard error of the three means used. The 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007 data are from this study. Cell values are the average of the mean values calculated from samples collected at 1 and 2 m depth across all years ± standard error for the total of 10 means (106 total samples). “+” = present in the lake in 1914-1915, but not in quantitative samples (Muttkowski, 1918).
Taxa / Taxa name by Muttkowski (1918) / Modern taxonomy / Justification / Taxa used for comparison / 1914-1915 / 2002-2007Amphipoda / Hyalella azteca / Hyalella azteca / Hyalella azteca / 105.20 ± 22.86 / 1,285.73 ± 524.18
Amphipoda / Dikerogammarus fasciatus / Gammarus fasciatus / Hubricht & Mackin, 1940 / Gammarus fasciatus / 7.83 ± 7.54 / 0
Bivalvia / Sphaerium sp. / Sphaerium sp. / Sphaerium sp. / 1.80 ± 0.41 / 0
Bivalvia / None / Pisidium variabile / 0 / 15.59 ± 3.55
Ceratopogonidae / Palpomyia longipennis / Sphaeromias longipennis / Wirth, 1962 / Ceratopogonidae spp. / 24.11 ± 11.98 / 77.84 ± 25.12
Ceratopogonidae / Probezzia pallida / Probezzia pallida
Ceratopogonidae / Probezzia glaber / Probezziasp.
Chaoboridae / Corethra punctipennis / Chaoborus punctipennis / TSN 125923 / Chaoborus punctipennis / 0.59 ± 0.37 / 0
Chironomidae / Chironomus abbreviatus / Cryptochironomus fulvus / TSN 129376 / Cryptochironomus spp. / 39.42 ± 8.24 / 108.50 ± 49.66
Chironomidae / Chironomus digitatus / Cryptochironomus digitatus / TSN 129374 / Cryptochironomus spp. / 38.90 ± 8.75 / 0.49 ± 0.49
Chironomidae / Chironomus lobiferus / Glyptotendipes lobiferus / TSN 129488 / Glyptotendipes spp. / 35.31 ± 5.40 / 41.55 ± 24.47
Chironomidae / Cricotopus trifasciatus / Cricotopus trifasciatus / Cricotopus spp. / 7.87 ± 1.46 / 15.63 ± 8.98
Chironomidae / Cricotopus exilis / Cricotopus triannulatus / TSN 128653
Chironomidae / Chironomus tentans / Chironomus tentans / Chironomus spp. / 3.12 ± 0.68 / 117.44 ± 41.74
Chironomidae / Chironomus plumosus / Chironomus plumosus
Chironomidae / Chironomus tentans var.? / Chironomus sp.
Chironomidae / Tanypus monilis / Ablabesmyia annulata / Roback, 1959; Boesel, 1972 / Ablabesmyiaspp. / 5.31 ± 2.12 / 1.38 ± 0.97
Chironomidae / Tanypus fasciatus / Tanypodinae sp. / Tanypodinaespp. / 3.35 ± 3.32 / 7.06 ± 4.20
Chironomidae / Protenthes choreus / Procladius choreus / Malloch, 1915 / Procladius spp. / 0.52 ± 0.52 / 167.16 ± 65.61
Chironomidae / Chironomus modestus / Dicrotendipes modestus / TSN 129448 / Dicrotendipes spp. / 0.26 ± 0.20 / 93.87 ± 55.76
Chironomidae / None / Cryptotendipes sp. / 0 / 2.84 + 2.46
Chironomidae / Chironomus fulviventris / Pseudochironomus fulviventris / TSN 129858 / Pseudochironomus spp. / 0.24 ± 0.21 / 25.34 ± 21.45
Chironomidae / Chironomus flavus / Polypedilum convictum / TSN 129671 / Polypedilum spp. / 0.06 ± 0.06 / 449.98 ± 179.26
Chironomidae / None / Cladopelma sp. / 0 / 28.39 ± 14.20
Chironomidae / None / Cladotanytarsus sp. / 0 / 945.05 ± 638.98
Chironomidae / None / Corynoneura sp. / 0 / 0.67 ± 0.67
Chironomidae / None / Einfeldia sp. / 0 / 1.36 ± 1.02
Chironomidae / None / Endochironomus sp. / 0 / 1.48 ± 1.48
Chironomidae / None / Labrundinia sp. / 0 / 0.49 ± 0.49
Chironomidae / Chironomus pallidus / Microtendipescaducus / TSN 129538 / Microtendipes spp. / + / 72.00 ± 47.68
Chironomidae / None / Parachironomus sp. / 0 / 21.55 ± 8.40
Chironomidae / None / Paratendipes albimanus / 0 / 0.37 ± 0.37
Chironomidae / Tanytarsus exiguus / Rheotanytarsus exiguus / TSN 129957 / Rheotanytarsus spp. / + / 61.69 ± 38.37
Chironomidae / None / Tanytarsus sp. / 0 / 92.58 ± 42.31
Chironomidae / Chironomus palliatus / Stictochironomus palliatus / TSN 129802 / Stictochironomus spp. / + / 1.00 ± 0.58
Coleoptera / Psephenus lecontei / Psephenus herricki / van Vondel, 2007 / Psephenus herricki / 8.12 ± 7.87 / 0
Coleoptera / Stenelmis crenatus / Stenelmis crenata / TSN 114102 / Stenelmis spp. / 4.72 ± 4.56 / 3.56 ± 3.09
Coleoptera / Bidessus flavicollis / Liodessus flavicollis / TSN 112583 / Liodessus flavicollis / 0.67 ± 0.35 / 0
Coleoptera / Parnid larva (trilobitic) / Coleoptera sp. / Coleopteraspp. / 0.41 ± 0.41 / 0.49 ± 0.49
Coleoptera / Haliplus ruficollis / Haliplus ruficollis / Haliplus spp. / 0.27 ± 0.20 / 10.70 ± 8.50
Coleoptera / Hydroporus undulatus / Neoporus undulatus / TSN 728426 / Neoporus undulatus / 0.18 ± 0.18 / 0
Coleoptera / Peltodytes edentulus / Peltodytes edentulous / Peltodytes edentulus / 0.16 ± 0.16 / 0
Coleoptera / Peltodytes 12-punctatus / Peltodytes sp. / Peltodytes sp. / 0.07 ± 0.07 / 0
Coleoptera / Coptotomus interrogates / Coptotomus interrogatus / TSN 112375 / Coptotomus interrogates / 0.06 ± 0.04 / 0
Coleoptera / Dryops lithophilus / Dryops lithophilus / Dryops lithophilus / 0.06 ± 0.03 / 0
Coleoptera / Elmis vittatus / Dubiraphia vittata / TSN 114131 / Dubiraphia vittata / 0.01 ± 0.01 / 0
Coleoptera / Laccophilus maculatus / Laccophilus sp. / Laccophilus sp. / 0.01 ± 0.01 / 0
Coleoptera / None / Ectopria sp. / 0 / 2.00 ± 2.00
Crustacea / Cambarus propinquus /
- Orconectes propinquus
Ephemeroptera / Caenis diminuta / Caenis diminuta / Caenis spp. / 7.97 ± 3.89 / 194.25 ± 47.19
Ephemeroptera / Ecdyurus maculipennis / Leucrocuta maculipennis / TSN 100679 / Leucrocuta maculipennis / 5.52 ± 5.39 / 0
Ephemeroptera / Heptagenia interpunctata / Stenacron interpunctatum / TSN 100714 / Stenacron interpunctatum / 2.49 ± 2.42 / 0
Ephemeroptera / Heptagenia canadensis / Stenacron interpunctatum / TSN 100714
Ephemeroptera / Baetisca sp. / Baetisca sp. / Baetisca sp. / 1.22 ± 0.03 / 0
Ephemeroptera / Ephemera varia / Ephemera varia / Ephemera varia / 0.43 ± 0.14 / 0
Ephemeroptera / Siphlurus alternatus / Siphlonurus alternatus / TSN 100959 / Siphlonurus alternates / 0.07 ± 0.04 / 0
Ephemeroptera / None / Maccaffertium mexicanum integrum / 0 / 3.56 ± 3.32
Gastropoda / Amnicola limosa / Amnicola limosus / TSN 70748 / Amnicola limosus / 60.11 ± 47.27 / 53.43 ± 41.80
Gastropoda / Physa ancillaris / Physella ancillaria / TSN 76701 / Physella spp. / 24.88 ± 19.08 / 22.63 ± 9.34
Gastropoda / Physa heterostropha / Physella heterostropha / TSN 76736
Gastropoda / Physa gyrina / Physella gyrina / TSN 76735
Gastropoda / Planorbis campanulatus / Planorbella campanulata / AnimalBase, TSN 76658 / Planorbella campanulata / 7.29 ± 1.28 / 0
Gastropoda / Planorbis bicarinatus / Helisoma anceps / Abbott and Morris 1995 / Helisoma anceps / 2.48 ± 0.90 / 0
Gastropoda / Valvata tricarinata / Valvata tricarinata / Valvata tricarinata / 1.85 ± 1.03 / 105.66 ± 91.34
Gastropoda / Limnaea stagnalis / Lymnaea stagnalis / Lymnaea stagnalis / 1.30 ± 0.58 / 0
Gastropoda / Pleurocera elevatum / Pleurocera sp. / Pleurocera sp. / 0.81 ± 0.20 / 0
Gastropoda / Campeloma sp. / Campeloma sp. / Campeloma sp. / 0.37 ± 0.10 / 0
Gastropoda / Ancylus / Ferrissia sp. / Walther, 2008 / Ferrissia spp. / 0.11 ± 0.08 / 0.49 ± 0.49
Gastropoda / Planorbis parvus / Gyraulus parvus / Harman & Forney, 1970 / Gyraulus spp. / 5.82 + 1.68 / 13.83 + 6.63
Gastropoda / None / Promenetus exacuous / 0 / 10.12 ± 4.03
Gordioidea / Gordius aquaticus / Gordius aquaticus / Gordius aquaticus / 1.20 ± 0.59 / 0
Hemiptera / Corixa sp. / Corixa sp. / Corixa sp. / 1.24 ± 1.08 / 0
Hemiptera / Plea striola / Neoplea striola / TSN 103604 / Neoplea striola / 1.21 ± 0.63 / 0
Hemiptera / Pelocoris femoratus / Pelocoris femoratus / Pelocoris femoratus / 0.18 ± 0.12 / 0
Hemiptera / Notonecta glauca / Notonecta glauca / Notonecta glauca / 0.07 ± 0.07 / 0
Hirudinea / Leeches / Hirudinea / Hirudinea. / 4.63 ± 3.30 / 60.16 ± 21.36
Isopoda / None / Asellus sp. / 0 / 150.09 ± 138.87
Lepidoptera / Hydrocampa / Lepidoptera sp. / Lepidoptera spp. / + / 0.49 ± 0.49
Lepidoptera / Nymphula maculalis / Nymphulinisp. / Nymphulinispp. / + / 0.84 ± 0.57
Lepidoptera / Nymphula allionalis / Nymphulinisp.
Odonata / Enallagma antennatum / Enallagma antennatum / Enallagma spp. / 1.13 ± 0.42 / 0.07 ± 0.07
Odonata / Ischnura verticalis / Ischnura verticalis / Ischnura spp. / 0.23 ± 0.11 / 5.85 ± 2.36
Odonata / Gomphus fraternus / Gomphus fraternus / Gomphus fraternus / 0.13 ± 0.07 / 0
Odonata / Epicordulia princeps / Epitheca princeps princeps / TSN 206630 / Epitheca princeps / 0.12 ± 0.05 / 0
Odonata / Argia putrida / Argia moesta / Westfall & May, 1996 / Argia spp. / 0.04 ± 0.04 / 1.13 ± 0.98
Odonata / None / Amphiagrion sp. / 0 / 0.49 ± 0.49
Odonata / None / Chromagrion sp. / 0 / 20.30 ± 14.53
Odonata / None / Coenagrion sp. / 0 / 5.24 ± 2.65
Oligochaeta / Small Oligochaeta / Oligochaeta / Oligochaeta / 367.39 ± 143.96 / 2,506.94 ± 803.60
Oligochaeta / Sparganophilus eiseni / Sparganophilus eiseni / TSN 68502
Oligochaeta / Lumbriculus limosa / Lumbriculus sp.
Oligochaeta / Lumbriculid sp. / Lumbriculidae sp.
Oligochaeta / Tubifex tubifex / Tubifex tubifex
Oligochaeta / Limnodrilus claparedianus / Limnodrilus claparedianus
Trichoptera / Leptocella uwarowii / Nectopsyche albida / TSN 116653 / Nectopsyche albida / 71.50 ± 6.61 / 0
Trichoptera / Hydroptila sp. / Hydroptila sp. / Hydroptila sp. / 45.67 ± 13.68 / 0
Trichoptera / Agraylea multipunctata / Agraylea multipunctata / Agraylea multipunctata / 29.17 ± 8.85 / 0.34 ± 0.24
Trichoptera / Helicopsyche borealis / Helicopsyche borealis / Helicopsyche borealis / 13.02 ± 2.20 / 0
Trichoptera / Ithytrichia clavata / Ithytrichia clavata / Ithytrichia clavata / 7.70 ± 7.65 / 0
Trichoptera / Polycentropus sp. / Polycentropus sp. / Polycentropus spp. / 3.09 ± 3.04 / 5.74 ± 1.69
Trichoptera / Leptocerus ancylus / Ceraclea ancylus / TSN 116696 / Ceraclea ancylus / 0.97 ± 0.97 / 0
Trichoptera / Molanna uniophila / Molanna uniophila / Molanna spp. / 0.97 ± 0.27 / 0.44 ± 0.44
Trichoptera / Leptocerus dilutes / Ceraclea diluta / TSN 116686 / Ceraclea diluta / 0.25 ± 0.20 / 0
Trichoptera / Limnephilus sp. / Limnephilus sp. / Limnephilidaespp. / 0.23 ± 0.16 / 1.36 ± 0.95
Trichoptera / Triaenodes flavescens / Triaenodes flavescens / Triaenodes spp. / 0.07 ± 0.07 / 1.14 ± 0.71
Trichoptera / Oxyethira sp. / Oxyethira sp. / Oxyethira spp. / 0.06 ± 0.04 / 0.37 ± 0.37
Trichoptera / Platyphylax subfasciatus / Platyphylax sp. / Platyphylax sp. / 0.05 ± 0.03 / 0
Trichoptera / Leptocerus sp. / Leptocerus sp. / Leptocerus spp. / 0.02 ± 0.02 / 0.73 ± 0.52
Trichoptera / None / Leptocerus americanus / 0 / 46.79 ± 20.91
Trichoptera / None / Neophylax sp. / 0 / 0.37 ± 0.37
Trichoptera / None / Oecetis sp. / 0 / 6.34 ± 3.04
Trichoptera / None / Orthotrichia sp. / + / 14.67 ± 3.72
Trichoptera / None / Platycentropus sp. / 0 / 5.19 ± 2.38
Turbellaria / Planaria maculata / Dugesia tigrina / Kenk, 1972 / Dugesia tigrina / 25.58 ± 19.27 / 233.88 ± 103.34
Turbellaria / Dendrocoelium lacteum / Procotyla fluviatilis / Kenk ,1989 / Dendrocoelinaespp. / 0.09 ± 0.09 / 0.37 ± 0.37
Turbellaria / Polycelis nigra / Polycelis nigra / Polycelis nigra / 0.09 ± 0.09 / 0
Turbellaria / Mesostoma ehrenbergii / Mesostoma ehrenbergii / Mesostoma ehrenbergii / 0.04 ± 0.04 / 0
* TSN - Taxonomic Serial Number in the Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS) (
References for Supplementary File 1
Abbott, R. T. & P. A. Morris, 1995. A Field Guide to Shells: Atlantic and Gulf coasts and the West Indies. Peterson Field Guide Series. New York.
AnimalBase. Available online: Accessed online January 20, 2010.
Boesel, M. W., 1972. The Early Stages of Ablabesmyia annulata (Say) (Diptera, Chironomidae). The Ohio Journal of Science 72: 170-173.
Fitzpatrick, J. F. Jr., 1967. The propinquus group of the crawfish genus Orconectes (Decapoda: Astacidae). The Ohio Journal of Science 67: 129-172.
Harman, W. N. & J. L. Forney, 1970. Fifty Years of Change in the Molluscan Fauna of Oneida Lake, New York. Limnology and Oceanography 15: 454-460.
Hubricht, L. & J. G. Mackin, 1940. Descriptions of Nine New Species of Fresh-Water Amphipod Crustaceans with Notes and New Localties for Other Species. American Midland Naturalist 23: 187-218.
Kenk, R. 1972. Freshwater Planarians (turbellarians) of North America. Biota of freshwater ecosystems, Identification manual 1. Water pollution control research series. United States. Washington, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Kenk, R. 1989. Revised List of the North American Freshwater Planarians (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Paludicola). Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 476. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
Malloch, J. R., 1915. The Chironomidae, or midges, of Illinois, with particular reference to the species occurring in the Illinois River. Bulletin of the Illinois State Laboratory of Natural History, Urbana, Illinois 111. available online at Accessed online January 20, 2010.
Muttkowski, R. A., 1918. The fauna of Lake Mendota: A qualitative and quantitative survey with special reference to the insects. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters19: 374-482.
Roback, S. S., 1959. The Subgenus Ablabesmyia of Pentaneura (Diptera; Tendipedidae; Pelopiinae). Transactions of the American Entomological Society 85: 113-135.
van Vondel, B. J., 2007. World Catalogue of Haliplidae – corrections and additions, 1 (Coleoptera: Haliplidae). Koleopterologische Rundschau 77: 89–96. Available online at: online January 20, 2010.
Walther, A. C., 2008. A Systematic Study of North American Freshwater Limpets (Gastropoda: Hygrophila: Ancylidae). Ph.D. Thesis, The University of Michigan. Available online at: Accessed online January 20, 2010.
Westfall, M. J. & M. L. May, 1996. Damselflies of North America. Scientific Publishers, Gainesville, Florida.
Wirth, W. W., 1962. A Reclassification of the Palpomyia-Bezzia-Macropeza Groups, and a Revision of the North American Sphaeromiini (Diptera, Ceratopogonidae). Annals of the Entomological Society of America 55: 272-287.
1
Alexander Karatayev et al. Supporting Information
Supplementary File 2. Results of Repeated Measures Analysis of Variance for (A) density, (B) biomass, and (C) taxon richness of benthic macroinvertebrates in Lake Mendota in 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2007.
A. Density
Factor / SS / DF / MS / F / PIntercept / 825.726 / 1 / 825.726 / 9260.341 / 0.000
Transect / 0.116 / 2 / 0.058 / 0.650 / 0.545
Lake Zone / 3.737 / 2 / 1.869 / 20.955 / 0.000
Transect*Lake Zone / 0.003 / 4 / 0.007 / 0.083 / 0.986
Error / 0.803 / 9 / 0.089
Year / 0.350 / 3 / 0.117 / 1.437 / 0.254
Year *Transect / 0.944 / 6 / 0.157 / 1.939 / 0.111
Year *Lake Zone / 1.532 / 6 / 0.255 / 3.146 / 0.018
Year *Transect*Lake Zone / 1.327 / 12 / 0.111 / 1.364 / 0.242
Error / 2.190 / 27 / 0.081
B. Biomass
Factor / SS / DF / MS / F / PIntercept / 45.090 / 1 / 45.090 / 580.179 / 0.000
Transect / 0.484 / 2 / 0.242 / 3.115 / 0.098
Lake Zone / 0.927 / 2 / 0.463 / 5.962 / 0.022
Transect*Lake Zone / 0.408 / 4 / 0.102 / 1.312 / 0.336
Error / 0.699 / 9 / 0.078
Year / 0.049 / 3 / 0.016 / 0.470 / 0.706
Year *Transect / 0.168 / 6 / 0.028 / 0.804 / 0.576
Year *Lake Zone / 0.615 / 6 / 0.103 / 2.942 / 0.024
Year *Transect*Lake Zone / 0.490 / 12 / 0.048 / 1.173 / 0.349
Error / 0.941 / 27 / 0.035
C. Taxon Richness
Factor / SS / DF / MS / F / PIntercept / 6420.971 / 1 / 6420.971 / 163.168 / 0.000
Transect / 167.022 / 2 / 83.511 / 2.122 / 0.176
Lake Zone / 1658.829 / 2 / 829.415 / 21.077 / 0.000
Transect*Lake Zone / 275.746 / 4 / 68.937 / 1.752 / 0.223
Error / 354.167 / 9 / 39.352
Year / 47.247 / 3 / 15.749 / 1.634 / 0.205
Year *Transect / 82.871 / 6 / 13.812 / 1.433 / 0.239
Year *Lake Zone / 11.528 / 6 / 1.921 / 0.200 / 0.974
Year *Transect*Lake Zone / 163.104 / 12 / 13.592 / 1.410 / 0.221
Error / 260.167 / 27 / 9.636
1
Alexander Karatayev et al. Supporting Information
Supplementary File 3. Average densities of the major taxa of benthic invertebrates in the sublittoral zone of Lake Mendota in 1951 and 2002-2007.
Because of different taxonomic resolution and taxonomic name changes, all data were reconciled to the highest common taxonomic level, and old taxonomic names were synonymized with current taxonomic names (Supplementary File 1). The densities (m-2) of the major taxa in the sublittoral zone (5 – 9 m depth) of Lake Mendota from 1951 are from Mackenthum & Cooley (1952), who reported a single mean density for 3-6 m depth and one for 6-9 m depth (based on 17 samples total). We calculated the average of these two means for the mean density within the sublittoral zone; cell values are the average density ± standard error of the two means used. The 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007 data are from this study. Cell values are the average of all the samples collected from 3 transects at 5 and 7 m depth across all years ± standard error (90 total samples).
Year / Chaoborus punctipennis / Chironomus sp. / Procladius sp. / Oligochaeta / Pisidium variabile / Sphaeriumstriatinum1951 / 3.0 ± 2.5 / 4027.5 ± 1840.5 / 151.5 ± 64.5 / 195.0 ± 87.0 / 0.0 / 692.0 ± 326.0
2002 / 0.0 / 52.4 ± 40.9 / 114.5 ± 98.7 / 300.7 ± 144.9 / 2.5 ± 2.5 / 0.0
2003 / 0.0 / 39.2 ± 34.2 / 431.4 ± 219.8 / 742.5 ± 260.2 / 10.5 ± 6.2 / 0.0
2004 / 0.0 / 50.0 ± 31.1 / 155.7 ± 83.1 / 1152.8 ± 468.4 / 19.8 ± 11.9 / 0.0
2006 / 0.0 / 71.6 ± 28.2 / 219.8 ± 84.1 / 928.4 ± 457.8 / 71.6 ± 8.0 / 0.0
2007 / 0.0 / 185.2 ± 145.2 / 232.1 ± 61.8 / 382.7 ± 148.9 / 138.3 ± 41.3 / 0.0
References for Supplementary File 3
Mackenthum, K. M. & H. L. Cooley, 1952. The biological effect of copper sulphate treatment on lake ecology. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters 41: 177-187.
.
1
Alexander Karatayev et al. Supporting Information
Supplementary File 4. Average densities of the major taxa of benthic invertebrates in the profundal zone of Lake Mendota from 1917-2007.
Because of differences in taxonomic resolution and taxonomic name changes, all data were reconciled to the highest common taxonomic level, and old taxonomic names were synonymized with current taxonomic names (Supplementary File 1). The densities (m-2) of the major taxa in the profundal zone (>9 m depth) of Lake Mendota for 1916-1918 are from samples collected monthly at >18 m depth (Juday, 1921). The mean densities for oligochaetes, Sphaerium striatinum, and Chironomus sp. were calculated by averaging the means from 6 stations (808 total samples). For Chaoborus punctipennis Juday only provided seasonal means across 7 sites. Therefore, we calculated the average abundance based on 67 monthly means. For Procladius sp. Juday reported 11 monthly averages across 5 sites, and 10 monthly averages for an additional site. Therefore, we averaged the 21 monthly means for this species. The 1939 are from summer samples collected by David Frey (unpublished data summarized in Lathrop et al., 1992). For these data, Lathrop reported a single annual mean for each species for two depth intervals, > 9 m and > 20 m. We based our means on the average of these two reported means. The 1951 data are from Mackenthum & Cooley (1952). They reported taxon mean densities for 9-12, 12-15, 15-18, 18-21, and 21-24 m depth (36 samples total). We calculated the average of these 5 means. Data for 1964/1965 are from Shapkarev (unpublished data summarized in Lathrop, 1992). Lathrop reported a single mean, based on two years (1964 and 1965) of summer samples, for two depths, > 9 m and > 20 m. We used the average of those two means for each taxon. The 2002, 2003, 2004, 2006 and 2007 data are from this study. Data are from 3 samples at 15 m and 20 m depth along 3 transects each year and 5 samples from 24 m depth in each year except 2002 (110 total samples). In all cases, cell values are the average density ± standard error.
Sampling year / Chaoborus punctipennis / Chironomus sp. / Procladius sp. / Oligochaeta / Sphaerium striatinum / Pisidiumvariabile1916-18 / 11,757.1 ± 982.9 / 651.7 ± 73.1 / 410.2 ± 83.8 / 2,992.5 ± 683.4 / 526.0 ± 54.8 / 0
1939 / 1,475.0 ± 115.0 / 92.0 ± 48.0 / 42.5 ± 20.5 / 3,855.0 ± 95.0 / 16.5 ± 16.5 / 0
1944 / 2,280.0 ± 0.0 / 1,870.0 ± 0.0 / 429.0 ± 0.0 / 429.0 ± 0.0 / 0
1951 / 829.2 ± 469.3 / 3,155.4 ± 876.8 / 308.2 ± 81.4 / 2,028.6 ± 591.8 / 463.6 ± 67.8 / 0
1964-65 / 33.0 ± 11.0 / 79.5 ± 9.5 / 192.5 ± 192.5 / 1,338.5 ± 272.5 / 3.0 ± 3.0 / 0
2002 / 0 / 66.7 ± 24.4 / 474.1 ± 141.1 / 3,046.9 ± 979.2 / 0 / 0
2003 / 0 / 25.4 ± 9.5 / 945.6 ± 262.7 / 1,138.2 ± 294.7 / 0 / 0
2004 / 0 / 48.7 ± 26.2 / 603.6 ± 96.9 / 1,781.2 ± 520.9 / 0 / 0
2006 / 0 / 39.8 ± 13.3 / 491.4 ± 141.3 / 651.9 ± 207.9 / 0 / 2.1 ± 2.1
2007 / 0 / 23.7 ± 7.1 / 589.6 ± 102.9 / 1,569.5 ± 480.4 / 0 / 0
References for Supplementary File 4
Juday, C., 1921. Quantitative studies of the bottom fauna in the deeper waters of Lake Mendota. Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts and Letters 20: 461-493.
Mackenthum, K. M. & H. L. Cooley, 1952. The biological effect of copper sulphate treatment on lake ecology. Transactions of the Wisconsin Academy of Sciences, Arts, and Letters 41: 177-187.
Lathrop, R. C., 1992. Benthic Macroinvertebrates. In Kitchell, J. F. (ed.), Food web management: a case study of Lake Mendota. Springer-Verlag, New York: 173-192.
Lathrop, R. C., S. B. Nehls, C. L. Brynildson & K. R. Plass, 1992. The fishery of the Yahara lakes. Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources. Technical Bulletin 181.