Your Teacher Will Advise You As to Which Sections of This Paper to Attempt

Student Number

General Instructions

· Reading time – 5 minutes

· Write using blue or black pen
· Draw diagrams using pencil
· Board-approved calculators may be used
· Use Multiple Choice Answer Sheet provided /

Your teacher will advise you as to which sections of this paper to attempt.

Total marks – 75

Section I Pages 3-9

20 marks
· Attempt Questions 1-20
· Allow about 30 minutes for this part
Section II Pages 10-13
35 marks
· Attempt Questions 21-23
· Allow about 50 minutes for this section
Section III Page 14
20 marks
· Attempt either Question 24 or Question 25
· Allow about 40 minutes for this section

BLANK PAGE

Student Number

2010 YEAR 12 MID-YEAR EXAMINATION

GEOGRAPHY – MULTIPLE CHOICE ANSWER SHEET

ATTEMPT ALL QUESTIONS

Question 1 A B C D

2 A B C D

3 A B C D

4 A B C D

5 A B C D

6 A B C D

7 A B C D

8 A B C D

9 A B C D

10 A B C D

11 A B C D

12 A B C D

13 A B C D

14 A B C D

15 A B C D

16 A B C D

17 A B C D

18 A B C D

19 A B C D

20 A B C D

Page 3

Section I (20 marks)

Attempt Questions 1-20

Allow about 30 minutes for this section

Use the Multiple Choice Answer Sheet provided

Select the alternative A, B, C, or D that best answers the question. Fill in the response oval completely.

Sample 2 + 4 = (A) 2 (B) 6 (C) 8 (D) 9

A B C D

If you think you have made a mistake, put a cross through the incorrect answer and fill in the new answer.

A B C D

If you have changed your mind and have crossed out what you consider to be the correct answer, then indicate this by writing the word correct and drawing an arrow as follows:

A B C D

Refer to the 2006 Australian Geography Stimulus Booklet of Melbourne for

questions 1-10

1. What type of photograph is Source A ?

(a) Vertical aerial

(b) A Satellite image

(d) Oblique aerial

2. From what direction was the photograph taken in Source A ?

(a) West

(b) North

(d) East

3. What is the distance from Williamstown (GR 156054) to Jewell railway Station

(GR 201160) in Source C ?

(a) 12 km

(b) 1.2 km

(d) 14 km

4. What is the bearing of the Cemetery (GR128074) from the Exhibition Building

(GR 212128) in Source C ?

(a) 237°

(b) 47°

(d) 225°

5. What does the population pyramid in Source G suggest about the population of Jamaica in 2006 ?

(a) Jamaica has an ageing population

(b) Jamaica has a high infant mortality rate

(d) Jamaica’s population is decreasing

6. According to Source H, what percentage of Victoria’s workforce was employed in community, social and personal services during 2006 ?

(a) 20%

(b) 27.8%

(d) 15.3%

7. Referring to Source I, what is the barometric pressure in Melbourne at 9pm on Saturday ?

(a) 1020 hp

(b) 1016 hp

(d) 1028 hp

8. Referring to Source I, which direction would the wind be travelling from in Melbourne at 9pm on Saturday ?

(a) North

(b) North west

(d) East

9. What percentage of Australia’s medal tally was gold at the 2006 Commonwealth games according to Source F ?

(a) 38%

(b) 31%

(d) 61%

10. What is the built feature at GR 097086 in Source C ?

(a) Oil tanks

(b) Quarry

(d) Houses

Refer to the topographical map extract of Mt Whitney and answer questions11-13 below.

11. What is the height of point D on the topographical map extract of Mt Whitney ?

(a) 3880m < Point D < 4000m

(b) 3880m

(d) 4000m < Point D < 4020m

12. What is the local relief from Point X to Point B on the topographic map extract of Mt Whitney ?

(a) approximately 100m

(b) approximately 200m

(d) Approximately 150m

13. What is the aspect of Point A on the topographic map extract of Mt Whitney ?

(a) North -east

(b) South-west

(d) East

Refer to the map below and answer question 14.

14. The map above is an example of which type of map ?

(a) Precis map

(b) Choropleth map

(d) Cadastral map

Refer to the ternary graph below and answer question 15.

15. In the ternary graph on page 7, specimen A would be comprised of which of the following ?

(a) 40% shale, 90% limestone and 70% sandstone

(b) 10% shale, 40% limestone and 60% sandstone

(d) 40% shale, 70% sandstone and 30% limestone

16. Which of the following is not a reason for ecosystem management and protection ?

(a) Maintenance of genetic diversity

(b) Intrinsic values

(d) Modification to energy flows

17. The ways in which wind moves sediment along a beach to form a coastal dune is known as ?

(a) Aeolian transport

(b) Weathering

(d) Deposition

18. The malleability of an ecosystem refers to which of the following ?

(a) The rate of recovery of an ecosystem after a stress is placed on it.

(b) The threshold level of change that prevents an ecosystem from recovering to its original level

(d) The time period from the initial stress to the complete recovery of an ecosystem.

19. A megalopolis refers to which of the following ?

(a) A city with a population greater than 8 million people

(b) A city with a population greater than 10 million people

(c) When two or more cities of close proximity become so large, their outer suburbs blend so that it is difficult to identify the boundaries of the cities

(d) A world city

20. The informal sector of a mega-city is usually the result of which of the following processes ?

(a) Urbanisation

(b) Counter-urbanisation

(d) Spatial exclusion

END OF SECTION I

Section II

Short Answer Questions (35 marks)

Attempt Questions 21-23

Allow about 50 minutes for this section

Question 21

Refer to the map below and answer the following questions.

Scale: 1:100 000

(i) In the space below construct a cross-section from Point A to Point B using a vertical scale of

1:20 000. (3 marks)

(ii) Calculate the vertical exaggeration of the cross section above. (2 marks)

______

(iii) Calculate the gradient of Point A to Point C from the map on page 10. (2 marks)

______

Question 22

(i) Describe TWO factors affecting the functioning of ecosystems. (4 marks)

______

(ii) Describe TWO types of natural environmental stress placed on ecosystems and provide an

example of each type of stress. (6 marks)

______

(iii) Explain how elasticity, malleability and amplitude relate to resilience in an ecosystem.

______

(6 marks)

Question 23

(i) Explain the relationship of dominance and dependence between world cities and

mega-cities. (4 marks)

______

(ii) Describe TWO characteristics of mega-cities. (4 marks)

______

(iii) Discuss the role of regional centres and small towns in rural areas. (4 marks)

______

2010 MID YEAR EXAMINATION

GEOGRAPHY

Section III (20 marks)

Attempt either Question 24 OR Question 25

Allow about 40 minutes for this section

Answer the question in a SEPARATE writing booklet. Extra writing booklets are available.

In your answers you will be assessed on how well you:

• present a sustained, logical and well-structured answer to the question

• communicate geographical information, ideas and issues

• refer to appropriate case studies, illustrative examples and the Stimulus Booklet where

appropriate

Question 24

Evaluate the strategies used to minimise human impacts on ecosystems.

Question 25

Discuss the role of world cities as powerful centres of economic and cultural authority.

END OF EXAMINATION

Answers & Criteria Year 12 Mid-Year Examination 2010

Section I: Multiple Choice Answers

1 / D / 11 / A
2 / C / 12 / C
3 / A / 13 / A
4 / A / 14 / D
5 / C / 15 / C
6 / B / 16 / D
7 / A / 17 / A
8 / B / 18 / C
9 / A / 19 / C
10 / B / 20 / A

Section II: Short Answer Questions

Question 21 (ii)

Vertical exaggeration = Vertical scale (1 mark)

Horizontal distance

= 1/20 000

1/100 0000

= 5 times (1 mark)

Question 21 (iii)

Gradient = Vertical height (1 mark)

Horizontal distance

= 750m

11 000m

= 3:44 (1 mark)

Question 22 (i)

Criteria / Mark
· Provides characteristics and features of TWO factors affecting the functioning of ecosystems / 3-4
· Provides characteristics and features of ONE factor affecting the functioning of ecosystems OR
· Identifies TWO factors affecting the functioning of ecosystems / 1-2

Answers may include: the atmosphere, lithosphere, biosphere and hydrosphere

Question 22 (ii)

Criteria / Mark
· Provides characteristics and features of TWO types of natural stress placed on ecosystems
· Provides an example of each type of stress / 5-6
· Provides characteristics and features of TWO types of natural stress placed on ecosystems OR
· Sketches in general terms, TWO types of natural stress placed on ecosystems and
· Provides an example of each type of stress / 3-4
· Identifies TWO types of natural stress placed on ecosystems
OR
· Provides an example of each type of stress / 1-2

Answers may include: natural selection, natural disasters, catastrophic, gradual

Question 22 (iii)

Criteria / Mark
· Demonstrates in detail, the relationship between elasticity, malleability, amplitude and resilience in an ecosystem / 5-6
· Demonstrates the relationship between elasticity, malleability, amplitude and resilience in an ecosystem / 3-4
· Sketches in general terms, about elasticity, malleability, amplitude and resilience in an ecosystem / 1-2

Question 23 (i)

Criteria / Mark
· Demonstrates in detail, the relationship of dominance and dependence between world cities and mega-cities / 5-6
· Demonstrates the relationship dominance and dependence between world cities and mega-cities / 3-4
· Sketches in general terms, about world cities and mega-cities / 1-2

Question 23 (ii)

Criteria / Mark
· Provides in detail, TWO characteristics of mega-cities / 3-4
· Describes ONE characteristic of mega-cities
OR
· Sketches in general terms, TWO characteristics of mega-cities / 1-2

Answers may include: unemployment, informal sector, inadequate housing, pollution, poor sanitation, health and nutrition problems.

Question 23 (iii)

Criteria / Mark
· Provides arguments for and against the role of regional centres and small towns in rural areas / 3-4
· Describes the role of regional centres and small towns in rural areas. / 1-2

Year 12 Geography Mid-Year Examination

Question 24

Criteria / Mark
· Provides a clear judgement, well-supported by evidence, of strategies used to minimise human impacts on ecosystems
· Refers to appropriate case study/ies and/or illustrative examples
· Presents a sustained, logical and well structured answer using appropriate geographical information, ideas and issues / 17 - 20
· Provides a judgement of strategies used to minimise human impacts on ecosystems
· Refers to appropriate case study/ies and/or illustrative examples
· Presents a logical and well structured answer using appropriate geographical information, ideas and issues / 13 - 16
· Provides limited judgement of strategies used to minimise human impacts on ecosystems
· Makes limited reference to appropriate case study/ies and/or illustrative examples
· Presents a structured answer using appropriate some geographical information / 9 - 12
· Provides a description of strategies used to minimise human impacts on ecosystems
· May refer to a case study or examples
· Uses limited geographical information / 5 - 8
· Demonstrates limited knowledge of ecosystems
· Little or no reference to geographical information / 1 – 4

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