PAP biology fall final exam review:

  • 100 questions
  • Multiple choice
  • Completely comprehensive – that means it covers the whole semester…August to December.

I. Biomolecules:

Organic or inorganic? How do you tell?______

Categorize organic or inorganic:

What are the 4 classes of compounds? ______

How can you tell the difference between

Carbohydrates and everything else? ______

Lipids and everything else? ______

Proteins and everything else? ______

Nucleic acids and everything else? ______

What kind of bond holds together

Carbohydrates - ______

Lipids - ______

Nucleic acids- ______

Proteins - ______

Categorize which biomolecule it is!

Starch / Hair / DNA
Cellulose / Plant cell walls / Enzymes
Organic product of photosynthesis / /
/ Component of cell membrane /
/ / Hemoglobin
Unsaturated fat / Saturated fat
Structure
Solid at room temp
Examples

How many different amino acids are possible? ______

What determines the order of the amino acids in your proteins? ______

II. Cells:

Prokaryote / Eukaryote
Size
Age
Nucleus
Organelles
Examples
Part / Function / Part / Function
Nucleus / Smooth ER
Cytoplasm / Golgi Body
Ribosomes / Vacuoles
Rough ER / Lysosome
Plasma membrane / Mitochondria
Chloroplasts / Cell wall

Plant cell and Animal cell comparison and contrast

III. Transport

Label the parts of a phospholipid: (polar, nonpolar, phosphate, lipid, hydrophilic, hydrophobic)

Label the parts of a bilayer: (polar, nonpolar, phosphate, lipid, hydrophilic, hydrophobic)

Use the drawing below to indicate the location of inside the cell, outside of the cell, polar and nonpolar

Using the image of a cell membrane below:

Color the proteins redColor the polar part green

Color the non polar part yellowAdd in a channel (transport) protein.

Add in a carbohydrate marker on one of the proteins

When we say that a lipid bilayer is semipermeable, what do we mean?

Passive transport / Active Transport
Requires energy
Moves molecules / From low concentration to high concentration
Moves molecules / With (down) the concentration gradient

Define osmosis:

Label the following drawings as hypotonic, isotonic and hypertonic and draw an arrow to indicate the direction water will move. (The cell membrane is semipermeable but will not allow the particles to move thru…only water)

Here are some more examples:

Indicate which of the following is endocytosis and which is exocytosis. Below each one give an example of a type of substance moved in that manner

Indicate which side is hypertonic, hypotonic and the direction water will move. Draw a prediction of what it will look like after sitting for a few hours:

before / prediction
5% NaCl / / 2% NaCl
20% sucrose / / 50% sucrose
70% NaCl / / 40% NaCl

IV. Energy:

/ Is this reaction exergonic or endergonic? How can you tell?
Give an example of endergonic and exergonic reactions:
What is activation energy?
What do the following letters represent in the diagram
A:
B:
C:
E:
Which line (solid or dashed) represents a reaction with an enzyme?

Give some characteristics of an enzyme:

Give 3 examples of digestive enzymes and the reactions they catalyze:

What’s an easy way to tell if a chemical named is an enzyme?

Name 4 things that can affect an enzyme functioning

Label the structure of ATP using the following terms: phosphate, bonds with high stored energy, sugar, and adenine

What does ATP become when it loses one phosphate? ______two phosphates?______

All of our energy originates from the ______

The first living things to take incoming energy and transform it to chemical energy (glucose) are called ______or ______. The energy flows from those organisms to ______or ______that must eat to obtain energy

Give 3 kinds of organisms that are photosynthetic:

What is fermentation? When does it occur and what are the byproducts?

Bacteria can only conduct the first part of cellular respiration. What is that called? How many ATP does it produce?

Cellular respiration / Photosynthesis
What
Where
Who
What goes in (reactant)
What comes out (product)
Reaction (balanced)

Where in a plant does photosynthesis occur? (Be specific)

Name the following

:

Producers

1st trophic level

2nd trophic level

3rd trophic level

4th trophic level

Herbivores

Carnivores

Omnivores

1st level consumer

2nd level consumer

3rd level consumer

If the phytoplankton has 1468 kilo calories of energy How of that is store in the bald eagle if:

Phytoplankton  benthic invertebrates sea ducks bald eagle