Year 9 History (Summer)
Post-1945 Research Project
Lesson / Task to complete / Evidence / Deadline1 /
- Timeline of the post-1945 world
2 /
- Research Question drafted& checked with Mrs Lobo
- 2+ books found (3 facts recorded)
- 2+ websites found (3 facts recorded)
- Refined question written down
- 6 facts recordedeach from books and websites
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3 /
- Further 8+ facts have been recorded by each member of the group
- Initial ideas about how to present the project discussed
- 10facts recorded in each booklet in total by now
- Presentation ideas mind-map completed
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4 /
- Further research has been recorded by each member of the group
- Themes (or ‘big points’) have been identified in answer to the question
- In total, 20 facts recorded in each booklet
- Themes identified that organise ideas
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5 /
- Handout and Presentation/Model which sum up findings are completed.
- Handout printed out for each member of the class
- Presentation/model finished, ready to present
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6 Date to Present Findings to the class
(FINAL DEADLINE) ______/ No presentation/handout = 0
Name: ______
TASK: Create a timeline of these 20 events in the period 1945-2010.
1989: Fall of the Berlin Wall - The Berlin Wall was a barrier that divided Berlin (in Germany) from 1961 to 1989. The Eastern side was held by the USSR (Russia), whilst the Western side was in America’s sphere of influence. / 1965-73: Vietnam WarAmerican soldiers supported Vietnamese soldiers in the South to fight the Communists in the North. The US government was worried about the spread of communism. / 1948: “Israel” becomes a Jewish state
Arabs and Jews had fought over territory in Palestine for years. Both think they have a right to the land, and the fight continues to this day. / 1945-51: Labour creates the ‘Welfare State’
After the suffering of WWII, the Labour government focussed on supporting Britons, so they set up social security, the NHS, free education and council housing.
1984-5: The Miners' Strike
A British conflict between Thatcher’s Conservative government and the National Union of Miners, who were protesting against pit closures. It lasted a year. / 1963: Martin Luther King delivers his ‘dream’ speech
He was a pivotal figure in the American Black Civil Rights movement, and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize. / 1962: Cuban Missile Crisis - At the height of the Cold War, the USSR tried to put nuclear missiles into the Communist country of Cuba. US President Kennedy organised a naval blockade. / 1969: First Man on the Moon American Neil Armstrong became the first man to walk on the moon. The landing marked the pinnacle of the space race between the USA & USSR.
2001: September 11 Attacks
Four co-ordinated attacks by the terrorist group al-Qaeda on New York. The attacks killed 2,996 people (including 19 hijackers). / 1965-68: Mao’s Cultural Revolution in China
A campaign launched by Mao to rid himself of his rivals. Mao’s young ‘red guards’ were told to attack ‘authority’, including temples and teachers. / 1947: Partition of India
This happened after India won independence from Britain. The northern (mainly Muslim) part of India became Pakistan, while the southern (mainly Hindu) section became the Republic of India. / 2003: Invasion of Iraq
America, supported by the UK, invaded Iraq to topple Saddam Hussein’s brutal regime. It unleashed a civil war. Order has been difficult to maintain ever since.
1981: Brixton Riots
Rioters in London - predominately young, black men - fought police, attacked buildings and set fire to vehicles over 3 days. More than 300 were injured. / 1960s: ‘Swinging’ Sixties
For a few years in the 1960s, London was the world capital of cool. A baby boom in the 1950s meant lots of young people, who revolutionised fashion and music. / 1982: Falklands War
After Argentina invaded the Falklands, insisting the islands belonged to them, the British chose to fight back, using 28,000 soldiers and over 100 ships. / 1997: Hong Kong Handover
This ended 150 years of British rule in Hong Kong, which was given back to China. It created ‘an island of capitalism’ in the Communist state of China.
1986: Chernobyl Disaster
World’s worst nuclear accident. A nuclear reactor at the Chernobyl power station, in Ukraine (then part of the USSR), exploded. The radioactive contamination caused huge damage. / 1948: Policy of Apartheid adopted in South Africa
These laws were designed to keep white and black people apart – e.g. not allowed to marry, and lived in separate areas of the country. / 1990: Mandela released Imprisoned for opposition to apartheid in South Africa, Nelson Mandela’s release signalled change. He became President and began promoting peace between white and black people. / 1968-1998: The Troubles
A violent thirty-year conflict in Northern Ireland. A nationalist, republican and mostly Catholic minority wanted to break away from the United Kingdom.
History Objectives:
- Forming an appropriate enquiry question based on an historical topic between 1945 and 2010
- Identifying relevant information to answer this question, through effective research skills
- Identifying and using contemporary sources to find information about the past, and using those sources as evidence to justify a viewpoint
- Deciding how useful a contemporary source or historical interpretation is in terms of whether it is helpful in answering the enquiry question
- Identifyingkey turning points in history, or explaining why an event took place, or identifying diversity (this is dependent upon the enquiry focus – change and continuity or causation or diversity).
- Presenting the findings of an historical enquiry to a non-specialist audience.
Research Project Objectives:
- Teamwork: deciding on group roles and learning about the qualities needed to be an effective team player, such as listening and helping (see the next page)
- Sharing workloads: everyone does an equal amount of work. There are no ‘free-riders’
- Meeting deadlines: making a note of what needs to be done, staying ‘on task’ to ensure that the tasks are completed, managing obstacles that could prevent tasks from being achieved
- Organisation skills: ensuring that notes and resources are organised effectively so that the project outcome can be reached – this includes remembering booklets, iPads, books, articles and other resources
Group Roles:
Role in the Group / Student NameTeam Leader
Class Speaker
Resource Manager
7 Essential Skills for Teamwork
This list is used during the research cycle to observe how well a team is working together. Do you have all of these qualities?
1. Listening:
The students in this team listen to each other's ideas. Students "piggy-back" (or build on) each other's ideas.
2. Questioning:
The students in this team question each other. Students are involved in interacting, discussing, and posing questions to all members of the team.
3. Persuading:
The students in this team use persuasion. Students are involved in exchanging, defending, and rethinking ideas.
4. Respecting:
The students in this team respect the opinions of others. Students will be encouraging and supporting the ideas and efforts of others.
5. Helping:
The students in this team help each other. Studentsoffer assistance to each other.
6. Sharing:
The students in this team share. They offer ideas and report their findings to each other.
7. Participating:
The students in this team participate. Each student consistently and proactively contributes to the project. There are NO free riders.
- Forming your research question
Question / Too big? Too small? Just right?
What brand of cigars did Winston Churchill smoke?
What were the consequences of the Blitz for people of Bristol?
Life in Nazi Germany during the War
How many American bombers crashed in World War II?
Why did America drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
What was the average age of a British soldier in World War II?
Guns and aeroplanes used in World War II
Is ‘Dad’s Army’ a fair description of the Home Guard in WWII?
The impact of the royal family on morale in World War II
World War II and the World Economy
Question / Type of Question?
Why was the Battle of the Somme a disaster?
When was it safest to live in Britain under the Tudors?
What was the most significant turning point in World War II?
What were the consequences of the Blitz for people of Bristol?
Why did America drop the atomic bomb on Japan?
What effect did the Treaty of Versailles have on Germany?
Who benefitted the most from development of the railways?
Our project:
Our Topic:Our Draft Question:
Refined Question:
- Locating Information
Advantages of using the internet / Disadvantages of using the internet
Skimming and Scanning
Recording Information: Using tables and highlighters to organise your notes
What was the impact of the Vietnam War on America?Impact on soldiers returning home / Impact on civilians / Impact on the government
Use subheadings
Research Solutions to common problems: Scenarios
Scenario / Problem / Advice“I can’t remember what book I wrote that in…”
After recording 3 facts - “Oh dear, I seem to have answered my research question already”
“The Daily Mail said there’s a link between cancer and breathing”
“I’ve got all this information written by Mr Bean on U-boats”
“I found an amazing quote–but can’t remember who said it”
“Miss! Miss! Johnny has just sat there and flirted with Maddie all lesson – he’s done nothing and now we can’t present tomorrow. It’s Johnny’s fault.”
Library Books
Book 1:Book 2:
Facts
Helpful websites
Don’t use Wikipedia. How do you know whether the information is accurate or not? For a change try:
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Website 1:
Website 2:
Facts
Further Research
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Further Research
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Further Research
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How will we present our findings?
The German Home Front (Example Handout 2)
1939-1941: The war goes well for Germany
The German army swept through eastern and western Europe, meeting little resistance. The war was going well because food and riches were brought back but rationing was introduced for the first winter; however 2 in 5 Germans ate better than before the war.
1941-1943: The tides turn against Germany
The tides changed becauseHitler ordered an invasion of the USSR in June 1941, which opened up a huge front on the Eastern border, leading to a 4 year battle that ‘tore the heart out of the army’. Hospital trains returned with thousands of wounded.
1943-44: The German Government began to prepare for ‘total war’
Germany’s new policy ‘total war’ meant all of the German society was geared to the war, producing arms, growing food, caring for the sick or fighting. Anything that did not contribute to the war stopped. This impacted on ordinary people because it meant professional sport ended, theatres closed, there were labour shortages, illness and huge civilian deaths. Jews and political prisoners were worked to death. Air raids on Hamburg (1943) led to a fire storm in which 30,000 people died. In 1945, in two nights, up to 150,000 people were killed in Dresden.
1944-45: Failure and defeat
By July 1944 Allied forces drove the Germans back.In 1945, in two nights, up to 150,000 people were killed in Dresden. Germany prepared for one final attempt under leadership of Goebbels to win the war. However by 1945 the government plans were in chaos May 1945 in Berlin while the city was in ruins Goebbels and all other Nazi leaders committed suicide. The war was over.
Remaining Economic Problems under the Nazis
Over-reliance on the re-armaments industries:Industry became too focused on rearmament. Making weapons became unpopular because weapons don’t improve all people’s standard of living instead they create ‘useless’ things (unless there is war) like tanksrather than things that can make lives better. This also meant consumer good production did not improve with the rest of the economy.
Labour shortages:As a result of the rearmament there became a severe shortage of labour on farms. Conscription into the army caused shortages of labour in the economy so women had to be brought back into work. In concentration camps Jews and political prisoners were worked to death and on farms and in factories foreign prisoners of war were forced to work. By May 1944 there were seven million such people.
Working conditions:Government controls over industry got stronger and stronger so the workers had fewer rights (such as the right to strike). Officials were often open to bribery, showing that they were not loyal.
Group / Research Question / How useful is the handout? / How informative is the PPT/Model? / How much do the pupils know? / How well have they communicated the content? / Total Score /20Group 1:
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Peer Assessment: Group project on the post-1945 world