Writing a List of References

The List of references appears at the end of your work and gives the full details of everything that you have cited in the text in alphabetical order by the author’s surname.

All sources must be referenced in a consistent manner. Chose from the list of sources below, the examples given, provide a guide to the format and punctuation you should use.

1Journal (Print)

2 Journal (Electronic)

3Book (printed books)

4Book Chapter

5Conference Papers

6Thesis

Note: It is very important to prepare a list of references with correct information. To avoid any fake or incorrect citation, the Author should write DOI, PMID, or any other Tracking Source with complete references. With the online publication, each reference would be linking with the IDs of different databases like ISI, CAS and DOAJ.

Journal Article (Print)

Elements:

1. Author’s surname, Initial.,

2. Publication year.

3. Article title.

4. Name of Journal (in standard abbreviation)

5. Volume

6. Issue Number

7. Starting Pages

8. Ending Pages

9. DOI (if applicable)

10. PMID (PubMed ID) (if applicable)

11. Any other link of database which may be linking the reference (if available)

Example

Sepaskhah, A.R. and M.M. Ghasemi, 2008. Every-other-furrow irrigation with different irrigation intervals for grain sorghum. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 11: 1234-1239.

DOI: 10.3830/2008.1234.1239; PMID 236548759;

Journal Article (Electronic)

Elements:

1. Author’s surname, Initial.,

2. Publication year.

3. Article title.

4. Name of Journal (in standard abbreviation)

5. Volume

6. Issue Number

7. Page numbers (if applicable)

8. Online

9. Available at <URL>

10. Accessed on (enter date you viewed the article)

10. DOI (if applicable)

11. PMID (PubMed ID) (if applicable)

12. Any other link which may be linking the reference (if available)

Example

Britton, A., 2006. How much and how often should we drink? Br. Med. J., 332: 1224-1225. [Online]. Available from: [Accessed 2 June 2006].

Book

  • Author/Editor's surname and initials.,
  • Year of publication.
  • Title of Book
  • Edition. (if applicable)
  • Place of publication: (followed by a colon)
  • Name of publisher,
  • ISBN (if applicable)

Example

Anderson, J. and M. Poole, 1998. Assignment and thesis writing. 3rd edn., John Wiley & Sons.

Book Chapter

  • Author/Editor's surname and initials.,
  • Year of publication.
  • Title of Chapter.
  • In: (enter editor’s surname and initials).
  • Book Title.
  • Edition. (if applicable).
  • Place of publication: (followed by a colon).
  • Name of Publisher.
  • Page numbers.
  • ISBN (if applicable).

Example

Mason, J., 1999. Recent developments in the predication of global warming. In: McVeigh, J.C. and J.G. Mordue, (eds.) Energy demand and planning. E&FN Spon., pp: 34-52.

Conference Papers

Conference papers should be referenced using the following format and punctuation.

  • Author's surname, initials.,
  • Date of publication
  • Title of paper.
  • In: Editor's surname, initials., (if applicable)
  • Title of proceedings.
  • Place of conference.
  • Date of conference.
  • Publisher,
  • Page numbers of contribution.

Example

Clifton, J.J., 1989. Hazard prediction. In: Disaster prevention, planning and limitation. University of Bradford, 12-13 September 1989. Technical Communications Ltd., 51-64.

Thesis or Dissertation

Thesis should be referenced using the following format and punctuation.

  • Author's surname, initials.,
  • Date of publication
  • Thesis title.
  • Level of thesis (like M.Sc., M.Phill/Ph.D.)
  • Name of Institute/University/College with the name of State and Country who awarded the degree.

Example

Zhang, H., 1997. Delay-insensitive networks. M.S. thesis. University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada.

Dixon, M. W., 1999. Application of neural networks to solve the routing problem in communication networks. Ph.D. dissertation. Murdoch University, Murdoch, WA, Australia.