WLHS / AP Bio / Monson Name

Date Per

CH 40 STUDY ?s: Intro to Human (Animal) Anatomy & Physiology / Structure & Function

1) Complete the chart below summarizing the 4 main categories of TISSUES: (see fig. 40.4; p. 856-858)

Type of Tissue: / Structural Characteristics: / Functions: / Where found in body? / Examples
EPITHELIAL
CONNECTIVE
NERVOUS
MUSCLE

2) Summarize / define the following terms as they relate to epithelia: (see p. 856)

● simple squamous:

● stratified squamous:

● cuboidal:

● simple columnar:

● pseudostratified columnar:

● apical surface:

● basal surface:

3) State the function of each of the types of cells found in connective tissue listed below: (see p. 857)

● fibroblasts:

● macrophages:

● chondrocytes:

● osteoblasts:

● adipose tissue:

4) Distinguish between: TENDONS and LIGAMENTS. (see p. 857)

5) Complete the chart below comparing the three types of muscle tissue found in vertebrates:

Type of Muscular Tissue: / Structural Characteristics: / Functions: / Where found in body?
SKELETAL / STRIATED
SMOOTH
CARDIAC

6) Explain the difference between negative feedback and positive feedback mechanisms (in terms of (a) the overall mechanism and (b) function or purpose). Provide an example of each.

● negative feedback:

example:

● positive feedback:

example:

7) Define the following terms relating to the bioenergetics of animals:

● thermoregulation:

● endothermic:

● ectothermic:

● metabolic rate:

● basal metabolic rate:

● standard metabolic rate:

8) Compare the annual energy expenditures (kcal / yr) of a small endotherm (i.e. deer mouse), mid-size endotherm (i.e. male brooding penguin), and large endotherm (pregnant human female), and an ectotherm (i.e. snake). (HINT: see fig. 40.20 on p. 871)

9) Define the following terms. For each term, provide an example of an organism in which each process is evident.

● torpor:

example:

● hibernation:

example: