Unit 6: Biotechnology

Unit 6: Biotechnology

Topic: Biotechnology Introduction

Aim # _____:______

1)What is biotechnology?

2)What is a genome?

3)What is a gene?

4)What is DNA technology?

5)Why would altering DNA affect our characteristics/traits?

6)What are some examples of DNA Technology?

7)Scientists often use bacteria and viruses in DNA technology.

a)How do bacteria reproduce?

b)Does that lead to variation in offspring?

8)What is the Human Genome Project?

9)Steps of the Human Genome Project:

Topic: Genetic Engineering 1

Aim # _____:______

1)What is genetic engineering?

2)Why would scientists want to alter the genetic instructions of organisms?

3)How is DNA modified?

a)Step 1:

b)Step 2:

Restriction Enzymes-

What base sequences were these restriction enzymes for?

c)Step 3:

What do we call DNA that comes from 2 sources?

What is gene splicing?

d)Step 4:

What will the recombined DNA do?

4)Applications of Genetic Engineering:

a)

b)

c)

d)

Topic: Genetic Engineering 2

Aim # _____:______

1)Scientists genetically alter the DNA of bacteria to produce human proteins.

a) How many pieces of DNA do you see?

b)What are they called?

2)Bacterial Chromosome vs. Human Chromosome:

3)What are plasmids?

4)How can we alter the genetic instructions of bacteria to produce human insulin?

5)Scientists can also genetically alter foods:

a)

b)

Topic: Selective Breeding

Aim # _____:______

1)What is meant by breeding?

2)What is meant by selective?

3)Can you now define selective breeding?

4)Types of Selective Breeding:

a)Hybridization/Crossbreeding-

+

b)Inbreeding-

Advantages:

Disadvantages:

c)Mass Selection-

5)What are some benefits of selective breeding?

6)Genetic Engineering vs. Selective Breeding:

Topic: GMOs & Gene Therapy

Aim # _____:______

1)What is a genetically modified organism (GMO)?

2)What are the benefits to genetically modify plants and animals?

3)Examples of GM Plants:

a)Golden Rice-

b)Sweet Corn-

4)How do scientists genetically modify plants?

5)What are the risks of GMOs?

6)What is Gene Therapy?

7)How is it done?

8)Challenges of Gene Therapy:

Topic: DNA Fingerprinting

Aim # _____:______

1)Why do we fingerprint?

2)Why is DNA used to identify people?

3)What is a Genetic Marker?

4)How do scientists make a DNA Fingerprint?

1)Where can scientists find the DNA?

2)What if you find only a little DNA?

5)Gel Electrophoresis:

DNA Fingerprint Questions:

1)What is the charge of the DNA?

2)Where would we find the smallest DNA

fragments?

3)Why do we get different banding patterns for

each individual?

4)Which suspect was at the crime scene?

Topic: Cloning

Aim # _____:______

1)What is a clone?

2)Do the cells of our body make exact copies of themselves?

3) What process ensures that the offspring will be genetically identical?

4)Asexual Reproduction:

a)How many parents?

b)How does the genetic information between the parent and offspring compare?

5)Cloning vs. Asexual Reproduction:

a)Cloning is a technique that accomplishes the same end result as ______reproduction.

b)What is the end result?

6)Can we clone organisms that normally reproduce sexually?

7)Steps of Cloning:

8)Why clone?

9)How are identical twins formed?

10)Why do identical twins look alike?

11)How are fraternal twins formed?

12)Why do fraternal twins look different?

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