What Physical Method of Control Would Be Most Effective in Each of the Following Situations?

What physical method of control would be most effective in each of the following situations?

a.) To eliminate endospore-forming pathogens

b.) To sterilize vaccines- Fluid can be damaged by heat

c.) To sterilize microbiological media

What chemical method of control would be most effective in each of the following situations?

a.)A puncture wound acquired while gardening

b.)For pre-surgical bandages

c.)To sterilize packaged bandages

Compare and contrast sterilization and sanitation. Provide examples of each.

Which of the following is an example of sanitation?

A) A public toilet is treated with disinfectants.

B) A surgeon washes her hands before surgery.

C) Heat is used to kill potential pathogens in apple juice.

D) An autoclave is used to prepare nutrient agar.

E) A nurse prepares an injection site with an alcohol swab.

Which of the following would NOT be bacteriostatic?
A) desiccation
B) freezing below 0°C
C) autoclaving
D) refrigeration of mesophiles

Aseptic means…

A) sterile.

B) free of all microbes.

C) clean.

D) sanitized.

E) free of pathogens.

Which of the following would NOT be bacteriostatic?

A) desiccation

B) freezing below 0°C

C) autoclaving

D) refrigeration of mesophiles

Antimicrobial agents that damage nucleic acids also affect

A) the cell wall.

B) the cell membrane.

C) the viral envelope.

D) endospores.

E) protein synthesis.

The dairy creamer used in restaurants is usually sterilized by

A) filtration.

B) ionizing radiation.

C) lyophilization.

D) UHT sterilization.

E) autoclaving.

Which of the following is used for microbial control in fresh fruits and vegetables?

A) X rays

B) ultraviolet light

C) electron beams

D) microwaves

E) gamma rays

Lysol is an example of which of the following groups of chemical antimicrobial agents?

A) halogens

B) phenolics

C) alcohols

D) aldehydes

E) surfactants

A chemical agent that kills pathogenic microbes in general is a(n)

A) sanitizer.

B) germicide.

C) disinfectant.

D) fungicide.

E) antiseptic.

A scientist develops a new medication that is a protein compound and that must be administered by injection. Which of the following would be the most effective and safest means of preparing a sterile solution of the new medication?

A) autoclaving

B) filtration

C) dilution with alcohol

D) lyophilization

E) ultraviolet irradiation

The process of filtration is a(n)

A) disinfectant method.

B) sterilizing method.

C) sanitization method.

D) antiseptic procedure.

E) ineffective method for removing microbes.

PART I MATCHING

_____1.) A suffix meaning “to kill”

_____ 2.) Destroying or removing all forms of microbial life.

_____ 3.)The absence of pathogens on an object or area.

_____ 4.)the reduction of microbial populations to safe public health levels.

_____ 5.) The chemical disinfection of living tissue, such as skin or mucous membrane

_____ 6.) The removal of transient microbes from skin by mechanical bacterium

PART II MATCHING

_____ 1.) The lowest temperature required to kill a liquid culture of a certain species of bacteria in 10 minutes.

_____2.) The time in minutes required to kill 90% of a bacterial population.

_____ 3.)Mild heating to destroy particular spoilage organisms or disease organisms in milk or similar products.

_____ 4.)the absence of water, resulting in a condition of dryness.

a.)Disinfection

b.)Sterilization

c.)Antisepsis

d.)Asepsis

e.)Sanitization

f.)Degerming

g.)–cide

h.)–stat

i.)Commercial sterilization

a.)Thermal death time

b.)Decimal reduction time

c.)Thermal death point

d.)Pasteurization

e.)Incineration

f.)Desicacation

PART III MATCHING

_____ 1.) Ethylene oxide

_____ 2.) Sodium hypochlorite

_____3.) Acid-anionic detergents

_____4.) Benzoyl peroxide

_____ 5.) Hexachlorophene

_____ 6.) Isopropanol

_____ 7.)Sorbic acid

_____ 8.) Copper sulfate

a.)Bisphenol

b.)Halogen

c.)Alcohol

d.)Heavy metal

e.)Surface –active agents

f.)Organic acid

g.)Gaseous chemosterilizer

h.)Oxidizing agent

Causes of Disease

Interaction & interdependence of agent, host, environment, and time is used in the investigation of diseases and epidemics.Identify the following as referring to Agent, Host, Environment, and Time.

______: accounts for incubation periods, life expectancy of host or pathogen, and duration of the course of the illness or condition.

______: an organism, usually a human or an animal, that harbors a disease

______: the cause of the disease

______: those surroundings and conditions external to the human or animal that cause or allow disease transmission

How can epidemics be stopped? Provide an example.

Identify the transmission Term:

______: Objects such as clothing, towels, and utensils that may harbor a disease agent and are capable of transmitting it.

______: An invertebrate animal (e.g., tick, mite, mosquito, bloodsucking fly) capable of transmitting an infectious agent among vertebrates

A ______contains, spreads, or harbors an infectious organism.

______: Viewed as resistance a population has to invasion/spread of an ID

Identify the following as direct or indirect transmission:

______: Touching with contaminated hands

______: fomites

______: vectors

______: Skin-to-skin contact

______: air currents

______: dust particles

______: kissing

______: water droplets

______: water or food

______: oral-fecal contact

What is a notifiable disease and provide an example.