Do you remember? Exam #1 – Ch. 1-7
These questions come from the “Do You Remember” slides in the Power Points and lecture videos. They are designed to help you with the exams. I suggest printing them out, having them in front of you when listening to the videos. Finally, listen for the answers and write them in the form to study from.
Ch. 1 Introduction
•What are the steps in the scientific method?
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•Why would someone replicate a study?
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•What part of your nature influenced your development?
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•What part of your nurture influenced your development?
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•What are the different lifespan perspectives?
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•What directions are involved in the multidirectional approach?
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•Which of these perspectives holds the most hope that human traits can be molded during development?
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•If you are watching children at play on the playground to see how they respond, you are using what type of study?
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•If you talk to parents about their child’s behavior, you are using what type of study?
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•In one year, if you study children in the 1st. 2nd.,3rd., and 4th. grades to see how children change over time, you are using what type of study?
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•If you follow the same group of children from the first grade through the fifth grade, you are using what type of study?
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•What scientific method can determine if one thing caused another?
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•What are the two groups in an experiment, and what are the differences in these groups?
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•What would be an example of the different types of correlation?
•If two things are related (correlated) why can you not assume one caused the other?
Ch. 2 Theories of Development
•What does the psychoanalytic theory think determines development?
•What were Freud’s stages of development?
•What were Erickson’s stages of development?
•What stage would a teenager be in with Erickson’s theory of development?
•What is the main difference between behaviorism and psychoanalytic theory?
•What is an example (you make up) of classical conditioning?
•What is the main difference between classical and operant conditioning?
•What is your example of operant conditioning?
•What is your example of the social learning theory?
•What are Piaget’s stages of development, and the key developments in each stage?
•What is an example of Piaget’s concepts of accommodation and assimilation?
•What is and main concept of the sociocultural theory of behavior? Can you give an example of this?
Ch. 3 The Science of Human Development - Heredity and Environment
You have how many pairs of chromosomes?
Your chromosomes are made up of what type of molecule?
What is the genome for a human?
What is the difference between your genotype and phenotype?
After an egg is fertilized, it is called what?
The 23rd. Pair of chromosomes in women are:
The 23rd. Pair of chromosomes in men are:
What is the monozygotic and dizygotic twins?
What are some methods of assisted reproduction?
How do genes and the environment interact?
How do dominate and recessive genes control who you became?
What is the most common cause of genetic abnormalities?
What are some abnormalities of the sex chromosomes?
What are some of the positive and negative effects of genetic counseling?
Ch. 4 Prenatal Development and Birth
•What needs to happen for pregnancy to be confirmed?
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•About how long after conception does this occur?
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•What are the three major stages in prenatal development?
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•How long is the germinal period?
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•What ends this period?
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•How long is the embryo when it becomes a fetus?
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•At how many weeks does this happen?
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•When does it become a fetus?
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•When is the age of viability?
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•What are the five items the Apgar test looks for?
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•What are behavioral teratogens?
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•What is an example?
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•What is SGA?
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•What is the most prevalent cause of it?
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•What are the reflexes that aid survival?
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•What five reflexes show that the brain and body are functioning correctly?
Ch. 5 First two years – Biosocial
•How much does a child grow by age two?
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•What is head sparing?
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•What is REM sleep?
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•How does REM sleep relate to dreaming and age?
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•What are neurons?
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•What are synapses?
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•What do neurotransmitters do?
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•What does the brain stem do?
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•What does the brain cortex do?
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•What does the prefrontal cortex do?
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•What is expectant and dependent experience?
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•What is the “shaken baby syndrome”?
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•What is the difference between sensation, perception, and cognition?
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•What are examples of gross and fine motor skills?
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•What is the least developed sense at birth?
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•What are some of the basic immunizations a child should receive?
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•How do the risks from disease relate to the risks from immunization?
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•What is the difference between colostrum and milk?
Ch. 6 First two years - Cognitive
•What are the major differences between primary, secondary, and tertiary reactions?
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•What is the concept of “object permanence”?
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•At what level of reaction will children begin experimenting?
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•What is this behavior called?
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•What is the visual cliff?
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•When will children refuse to cross it?
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•What is an example of dynamic perception?
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•What is the universal sequence of learning language?
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•What is an example of a holophrase?
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•What is the concept of the “Learning Acquisition Device” in the brain?
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Ch.7 First two years - Psychosocial
What emotions develop over the first year?
How can you tell when a child develops self-awareness?
What causes emotions to become more complex?
What parts of the brain are related to emotions?
What type of parenting creates antisocial, destructive children?
During what period of Freud’s Psychoanalytic theory does toilet training occur?
If a child toilet trains later, will it take longer to accomplish?
What question must a child resolve in Erikson’s first stage?
What do the behaviorists assume creates a personality?
What does social learning theory assume creates emotions?
Give an example of a working model a child might develop?
What is the difference between proximal and distal parenting?
Which method would you use, and why?
Give an example of social referencing a child might use?