WEB: CH. 8, Salvatore’s International Economics, 9th Ed.
2. Average Tariff on Non-Agricultural in Selected Developing and Central European Countries
The top part of the following table gives the tariff imposed on various Non-agricultural products by Argentina, Turkey, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the Philippines in 2004, while the bottom part of the table shows the tariff on industrial products imposed by the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and the Slovak Republic in 2000 (comparable 2004 data on Central European Countries was not available). The table shows that the developing countries shown in the top part of the table have about double (triple for Argentina) tariff rates than the large developed countries examined in Case Study 8-1. The Central European countries shown in the bottom part of the table have low tariff rates (comparable to those in the large developing countries), with the exception of Romania, which has much higher tariff rates than the rest. This indicates that the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and the SlovakRepublic have all more or less overcome state trading and have restructured their foreign trade along market lines since the fall of communism.
Table: Tariff on Non-Agricultural Products in Selected Developing Countries in 2004 (Percentages)______
ArgentinaTurkeyIndonesiaMalaysiaPhilippines_
Wood, pulp, paper & furniture 12.8 1.5 5.2 12.5 7.2
Textiles and clothing 19.7 8.1 10.5 16.2 10.8
Leather, rubber & travel goods 15.9 4.4 7.7 15.1 6.7
Metals 13.0 4.2 7.3 8.8 4.6
Chemicals & photo. supplies 9.6 4.8 5.4 3.8 3.8
Transport equipment 13.6 4.3 12.2 19.6 8.8
Non-electric machinery 5.7 1.9 2.2 3.7 2.3
Electric machinery 13.8 2.6 6.0 8.1 3.7
Mineral products 9.3 2.1 5.1 9.9 4.9
Other manufactures 15.5 2.6 7.5 6.2 4.9
Fish & fish products 12.0 46.7 4.9 6.4 8.0
Petroleum 0.3 3.4 2.1 5.0 2.9
Average_ 12.9 5.3 6.7_ 9.1______5.8____
Source: WTO, World Trade Report 2005 (Geneva: WTO, 2005), Appendix II and IV.
Table: Tariff on Industrial Products in Central European in 2000 (Countries (Percentages)______
Czech Rep. HungaryPolandRomaniaSlovak Rep.
Wood, pulp, paper & furniture5.5 5.4 8.0 31.4 5.5
Textiles and clothing6.2 8.1 13.1 32.9 6.2
Leather, rubber & travel goods3.8 6.7 11.9 30.7 3.8
Metals3.8 4.9 9.9 31.7 3.8
Chemicals & photo. supplies4.0 5.5 8.7 30.6 4.0
Transport equipment6.2 15.9 16.1 32.1 6.2
Non-electric machinery3.8 8.4 8.9 29.5 3.8
Electric machinery4.2 9.5 9.7 27.3 4.2
Mineral products3.4 5.0 6.9 32.2 3.4
Other manufactures3.6 7.8 11.6 29.3 3.6
Fish & fish products0.2 17.1 16.3 28.1 0.2
Petroleum
Average______4.3______7.4______10.4 ______30.8______4.3 __
Source: WTO, Market Access: Unfinished Business (Geneva: WTO, 2001), pp. 8 and 11.