Internet Concepts
We covered these topics in class lecture:
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ARPANET
Internet
www
chat
instant messaging (IM)
ftp
VoIP
ping
telnet
Remote Desktop
tracert
IP Address
URL
Protocol ( such as http)
Domain name
DNS Server
Internet2
Top-level domain
Broadband
Cable Internet service
Wi-Fi
DSL
Satellite Internet service
Dial-up access
E-commerce
B2B
B2C
C2C
Firewall
Port
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I also want you to look up these terms if you are not familiar with them already:
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Blog
Browser
Home page
MP3
Multimedia
Netiquette
Plug-in
RSS
Streaming
Web Server
FAQ
Hot spots
Podcast
Spam
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Here’s some of the highlights from lecture.
ARPANET – beginnings of the Internet, started by this dept. of defense agency in 1969
Internet – Included thousands of hosts (servers) by 1986 and became known as the Internet. Now more than 550 million hosts are connected.
Internet2 – separate network connecting universities and not-for-profit groups. High-speed network devoted to developing and testing future network technologies.
The Internet is made up of many types of services (ways to communicate or transmit data each functioning on its own standard port setting – these ports can be open or closed at a firewall thus stopping individual services)
www – World Wide Web, the bulk of Internet traffic, looking at web pages in a browser progam (Internet Explorer, Firefox, Safari, etc.)
e-mail – electronic mail
chat – real time typed conversation, usually in a chat room with people you don’t know
IM (Instant Messaging) – real-time communications that notifies you when a “buddy” is online
ftp (File Transfer Protocol) – uploading and downloading files, such as uploading your web pages to a company’s web server that hosts your website
ping – networking command used to test if destination computer is reachable
telnet – login remotely to another computer
Remote Desktop – when turned on it’s a Windows feature of letting someone connect to your computer and they can see what you see, great for tech support
Tracert – trace the route that data packets take to get from computer A to computer B
VoIP (Voice over IP) – voice conversations over Internet data lines, such as Vonage and Comcast offer
IP Address – number that uniquely identifies each computer or device connected to the Internet
Such as 96.17.59.19 and corresponds to the Domain Name of
DNS Server (Domain Name Service Server) – When you type in the domain name in the address bar of the browser, your computer has to go ask a DNS Server to translate the domain name to its associated IP address so that data and information can be routed to the correct computer. DNS Servers are just databases of domain names to IP Addresses kind of like a phone book. There is no DNS Server that has all the listings, so DNS Servers work together behind the scenes passing the request up until the domain name to IP Address translation is found.
An Example of a full URL (Uniform Resource Locator):
represents the protocol, the set of rules that determine how pages are transferred on the Internet, http goes through port 80 by default
is the domain name of a web server
HR/EmployeeInfo represents the folder and sub folder stored on the web server
And in this example, Benefits.html represents the name of the web file that we are viewing
Top-level domain examples are .com, .edu, .gov, .mil, .org, .net, .info, … there are several more
Broadband – high speed Internet connections vs. dial-up
Available Methods to get Broadband connections:
Cable – through cable TV company such as ComCast
DSL (Digital subscriber line) – over high-speed phone lines
Cellular radio network – such as internet on your cell phone when in range of cell towers
Wi-Fi – free or fee-based wireless connections at hot-spots, restaurants, hotels, airports, etc.
Satellite – via satellite dish, works for rural communities (HughsNet)
E-Commerce – buying and selling over the Internet
B2B – business to business (like International Paper sells paper to other companies)
B2C – business to consumer (like Target.com)
C2C – consumer to consumer (like eBay.com)
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